{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047875818","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3082844","title":"Linear and Deep Neural Network-Based Receivers for Massive MIMO Systems With One-Bit ADCs","display_name":"Linear and Deep Neural Network-Based Receivers for Massive MIMO Systems With One-Bit ADCs","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047875818","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3082844","mag":"3047875818"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3082844","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3082844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.03757","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033062249","display_name":"Ly V. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2682-4118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26538001","display_name":"San Diego State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0264fdx42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ly V. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Science Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA","San Diego State University#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Science Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego State University#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027055000","display_name":"A. Lee Swindlehurst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0521-3107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Lee Swindlehurst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","University of California, Irvine **"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine **","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027364315","display_name":"Duy H. N. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1412-1175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26538001","display_name":"San Diego State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0264fdx42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duy H. N. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA","San Diego State University#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego State University#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033062249"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1012,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39255204,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"11","first_page":"7333","last_page":"7345"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7354522347450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7279142737388611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7077391743659973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5612448453903198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4970896542072296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.4342604875564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.37649664282798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3288646638393402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2446545660495758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.11779499053955078}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7354522347450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7279142737388611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7077391743659973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5612448453903198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4970896542072296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.4342604875564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.37649664282798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3288646638393402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2446545660495758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.11779499053955078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3082844","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3082844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2008.03757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2008.03757","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.03757","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3047875818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.03757.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1mj8r0gp","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1mj8r0gp","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol 20, iss 11","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2008.03757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2008.03757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2008.03757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2008.03757","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.03757","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521591241","https://openalex.org/W1543810117","https://openalex.org/W1576520375","https://openalex.org/W1763302039","https://openalex.org/W1776974347","https://openalex.org/W1892643793","https://openalex.org/W1971443733","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2084304524","https://openalex.org/W2086625681","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2102258468","https://openalex.org/W2103972037","https://openalex.org/W2134179788","https://openalex.org/W2164641162","https://openalex.org/W2493390539","https://openalex.org/W2526144952","https://openalex.org/W2605537711","https://openalex.org/W2776804321","https://openalex.org/W2804075771","https://openalex.org/W2884188086","https://openalex.org/W2914927886","https://openalex.org/W2918650740","https://openalex.org/W2962740320","https://openalex.org/W2963931380","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2964163499","https://openalex.org/W2965626816","https://openalex.org/W2966016850","https://openalex.org/W2982604217","https://openalex.org/W2991708646","https://openalex.org/W2999502906","https://openalex.org/W3013921837","https://openalex.org/W3015232401","https://openalex.org/W3031023929","https://openalex.org/W3083832798","https://openalex.org/W3105846222","https://openalex.org/W3143251189","https://openalex.org/W4251385712","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6631398929","https://openalex.org/W6634442568","https://openalex.org/W6638670064","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6683984541","https://openalex.org/W6765170743"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3168057823","https://openalex.org/W2799743292","https://openalex.org/W2613372585","https://openalex.org/W2898840123","https://openalex.org/W2144740543","https://openalex.org/W2530528254","https://openalex.org/W3006578060","https://openalex.org/W3017248030","https://openalex.org/W3005027244","https://openalex.org/W2366872488","https://openalex.org/W2983106684","https://openalex.org/W3047099653","https://openalex.org/W3099416516","https://openalex.org/W2952531333","https://openalex.org/W2901538187","https://openalex.org/W3193823058","https://openalex.org/W2159148880","https://openalex.org/W2531986578","https://openalex.org/W3208729817","https://openalex.org/W2067289912"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"use":[1],"of":[2,162,181],"one-bit":[3,27,51],"analog-to-digital":[4],"converters":[5],"(ADCs)":[6],"is":[7,107,127],"a":[8,42,97,118,150,159],"practical":[9],"solution":[10],"for":[11,46,130],"reducing":[12],"cost":[13],"and":[14,166,179],"power":[15],"consumption":[16],"in":[17],"massive":[18,47],"Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output":[19],"(MIMO)":[20],"systems.":[21],"However,":[22],"the":[23,30,54,64,79,90,131,136,147,154,169,175,182],"distortion":[24],"caused":[25],"by":[26],"ADCs":[28],"makes":[29],"data":[31],"detection":[32,44,82,93,185],"task":[33],"much":[34,119],"more":[35],"challenging.":[36],"In":[37,53],"this":[38],"paper,":[39],"we":[40,57,77,95],"propose":[41,96],"two-stage":[43,184],"method":[45,126,157],"MIMO":[48],"systems":[49],"with":[50,109,117],"ADCs.":[52],"first":[55,137],"stage,":[56],"present":[58],"several":[59],"linear":[60,74],"receivers":[61],"based":[62],"on":[63,89],"Bussgang":[65],"decomposition":[66],"that":[67,144],"show":[68],"significant":[69],"performance":[70,106],"gains":[71],"over":[72,149],"conventional":[73],"receivers.":[75],"Next,":[76],"reformulate":[78],"maximum-likelihood":[80],"(ML)":[81],"problem":[83],"to":[84,134],"address":[85],"its":[86],"non-robustness.":[87],"Based":[88],"reformulated":[91],"ML":[92],"problem,":[94],"model-driven":[98],"deep":[99],"neural":[100],"network-based":[101],"detector,":[102],"namely":[103],"OBMNet,":[104],"whose":[105],"comparable":[108],"an":[110],"existing":[111,141],"support":[112],"vector":[113],"machine-based":[114],"receiver,":[115],"albeit":[116],"lower":[120],"computational":[121],"complexity.":[122,171],"A":[123],"nearest-neighbor":[124],"search":[125,142,148,156,170],"then":[128],"proposed":[129,155,183],"second":[132],"stage":[133,138],"refine":[135],"solution.":[139],"Unlike":[140],"methods":[143],"typically":[145],"perform":[146],"large":[151],"candidate":[152],"set,":[153],"generates":[158],"limited":[160],"number":[161],"most":[163],"likely":[164],"candidates":[165],"thus":[167],"limits":[168],"Numerical":[172],"results":[173],"confirm":[174],"low":[176],"complexity,":[177],"efficiency,":[178],"robustness":[180],"method.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
