{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3144148233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3069722","title":"A High-Coverage Camera Assisted Received Signal Strength Ratio Algorithm for Indoor Visible Light Positioning","display_name":"A High-Coverage Camera Assisted Received Signal Strength Ratio Algorithm for Indoor Visible Light Positioning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3144148233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3069722","mag":"3144148233"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3069722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3069722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000647005","display_name":"Lin Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3989-1993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lin Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100397516","display_name":"Yang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1353-0890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100662179","display_name":"Zhitao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4932-081X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhitao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050046664","display_name":"Chunyan Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4277-6857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyan Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058648594","display_name":"Caili Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-4520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caili Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045995606","display_name":"Julian Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-8236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260628","display_name":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/04241wz75","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Science, School of Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Science, School of Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000647005"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.727,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84140138,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"9","first_page":"5730","last_page":"5743"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6021322011947632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5895172357559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.42913055419921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plane","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","score":0.42758578062057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.39567452669143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.390672892332077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3798949718475342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.36481890082359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3312845230102539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3246085047721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.13888633251190186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6021322011947632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5895172357559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.42913055419921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17825722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17285","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.42758578062057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.39567452669143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.390672892332077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3798949718475342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.36481890082359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3312845230102539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3246085047721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.13888633251190186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3069722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3069722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1967536518","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2534562043","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021RC03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G446709458","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4204106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4590905274","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22745672","https://openalex.org/W368270136","https://openalex.org/W1845087727","https://openalex.org/W1989486185","https://openalex.org/W1991544872","https://openalex.org/W2028082528","https://openalex.org/W2035794272","https://openalex.org/W2040171232","https://openalex.org/W2040841726","https://openalex.org/W2067295316","https://openalex.org/W2081004296","https://openalex.org/W2085954835","https://openalex.org/W2097649661","https://openalex.org/W2100303002","https://openalex.org/W2105935781","https://openalex.org/W2109591264","https://openalex.org/W2144644352","https://openalex.org/W2155056756","https://openalex.org/W2164422015","https://openalex.org/W2167667767","https://openalex.org/W2334810269","https://openalex.org/W2379838048","https://openalex.org/W2397276768","https://openalex.org/W2409417275","https://openalex.org/W2553532229","https://openalex.org/W2553781059","https://openalex.org/W2587948979","https://openalex.org/W2600987196","https://openalex.org/W2615771123","https://openalex.org/W2733136306","https://openalex.org/W2735394168","https://openalex.org/W2768093051","https://openalex.org/W2773033597","https://openalex.org/W2787053746","https://openalex.org/W2801253293","https://openalex.org/W2933087529","https://openalex.org/W2951617530","https://openalex.org/W2966974912","https://openalex.org/W3046217496","https://openalex.org/W3080231063","https://openalex.org/W3101359622"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2385118824","https://openalex.org/W2359476137","https://openalex.org/W2362165903","https://openalex.org/W1975173418","https://openalex.org/W2366008286","https://openalex.org/W2970295229","https://openalex.org/W2065854286","https://openalex.org/W4297976568","https://openalex.org/W2962851451"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"high-coverage":[1],"algorithm":[2,13,197],"termed":[3],"enhanced":[4],"camera":[5,35,184],"assisted":[6],"received":[7,53],"signal":[8,54],"strength":[9,55],"ratio":[10,56,239],"(eCA-RSSR)":[11],"positioning":[12,19,209],"is":[14,27,129,174,216],"proposed":[15],"for":[16,102,139,198,218],"visible":[17,43],"light":[18],"(VLP)":[20],"systems.":[21],"The":[22],"basic":[23],"idea":[24],"of":[25,42,67,87,121,135,154,163,172,190,211,230],"eCA-RSSR":[26,50,83,97,111,155,173,199,224],"to":[28,36,63,131],"utilize":[29],"visual":[30],"information":[31],"captured":[32],"by":[33,59],"the":[34,39,47,52,60,65,68,71,74,85,88,91,118,122,124,133,136,140,147,150,152,160,164,170,178,181,188,202,237],"estimate":[37,64,132],"first":[38],"incidence":[40,48],"angles":[41],"lights.":[44],"Based":[45,76,116],"on":[46,77,117,159,201],"angles,":[49],"utilizes":[51],"(RSSR)":[57],"calculated":[58],"photodiode":[61],"(PD)":[62],"ratios":[66,86],"distances":[69,89],"between":[70,146,180],"LEDs":[72,101],"and":[73,106,149,169,183,234],"receiver.":[75,137],"an":[78],"Euclidean":[79],"plane":[80],"geometry":[81],"theorem,":[82],"transforms":[84],"into":[90],"absolute":[92,119],"values.":[93],"In":[94],"this":[95],"way,":[96],"only":[98],"requires":[99],"three":[100],"both":[103],"orientation-free":[104],"2D":[105],"3D":[107],"positioning,":[108],"implying":[109],"that":[110,208,223],"can":[112,185,225,235],"achieve":[113,226],"high":[114],"coverage.":[115],"values":[120,162],"distances,":[123],"linear":[125],"least":[126,166],"square":[127,167],"method":[128,168],"employed":[130],"position":[134],"Therefore,":[138],"receiver":[141],"having":[142],"a":[143,195],"small":[144],"distance":[145,179],"PD":[148,182],"camera,":[151],"accuracy":[153,229],"does":[156],"not":[157],"depend":[158],"starting":[161],"non-linear":[165],"complexity":[171],"low.":[175],"Furthermore,":[176],"since":[177],"significantly":[186],"affect":[187],"performance":[189],"eCA-RSSR,":[191],"we":[192],"further":[193],"propose":[194],"compensation":[196],"based":[200],"single-view":[203],"geometry.":[204],"Experiment":[205],"results":[206,221],"show":[207,222],"errors":[210],"less":[212],"than":[213],"five":[214],"centimeters":[215,233],"achievable":[217],"eCA-RSSR.":[219],"Simulation":[220],"80th":[227],"percentile":[228],"about":[231],"four":[232],"improve":[236],"coverage":[238],"at":[240],"low":[241],"cost.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
