{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134028968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3060512","title":"FDA Based QSM for mmWave Wireless Communications: Frequency Diverse Transmitter and Reduced Complexity Receiver","display_name":"FDA Based QSM for mmWave Wireless Communications: Frequency Diverse Transmitter and Reduced Complexity Receiver","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134028968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3060512","mag":"3134028968"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3060512","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3060512","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091024046","display_name":"Abdul Basit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-8985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121243025","display_name":"International Islamic University, Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/047w75g40","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121243025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Basit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-8985","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121243025"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049463786","display_name":"Wen-Qin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-9585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Qin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-9585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024126941","display_name":"Shaddrack Yaw Nusenu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8492-4769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151633","display_name":"Koforidua Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vexvt14","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151633"]}],"countries":["CN","GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaddrack Yaw Nusenu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic/Electrical Engineering Department, Koforidua Technical University (KTU), Koforidua, Ghana","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8492-4769","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic/Electrical Engineering Department, Koforidua Technical University (KTU), Koforidua, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030876894","display_name":"Samad Wali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8633-4209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802902501","display_name":"Namal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zcxra43","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802902501"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samad Wali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Namal Institute, Mianwali, Pakistan","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8633-4209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Namal Institute, Mianwali, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802902501"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9669,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86133026,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"7","first_page":"4571","last_page":"4584"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6960555911064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5867272615432739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.5112206935882568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5091230273246765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.48709726333618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.48670294880867004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.441165566444397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4236494302749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2801174819469452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24179363250732422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.16652539372444153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.15483146905899048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12983357906341553}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6960555911064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5867272615432739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.5112206935882568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5091230273246765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.48709726333618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.48670294880867004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.441165566444397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4236494302749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2801174819469452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24179363250732422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.16652539372444153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.15483146905899048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12983357906341553}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3060512","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3060512","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4851717424","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018RZ0141","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W344766627","https://openalex.org/W1568228912","https://openalex.org/W1584244501","https://openalex.org/W1967030370","https://openalex.org/W1999552639","https://openalex.org/W2034084319","https://openalex.org/W2049784596","https://openalex.org/W2062608344","https://openalex.org/W2067605736","https://openalex.org/W2087277294","https://openalex.org/W2100183117","https://openalex.org/W2103146663","https://openalex.org/W2105572715","https://openalex.org/W2120645748","https://openalex.org/W2126423562","https://openalex.org/W2145148742","https://openalex.org/W2148754652","https://openalex.org/W2151954810","https://openalex.org/W2155072837","https://openalex.org/W2157506678","https://openalex.org/W2159339877","https://openalex.org/W2163348867","https://openalex.org/W2163504740","https://openalex.org/W2165468651","https://openalex.org/W2344487751","https://openalex.org/W2401284221","https://openalex.org/W2463747392","https://openalex.org/W2558979123","https://openalex.org/W2577426821","https://openalex.org/W2596111602","https://openalex.org/W2603247569","https://openalex.org/W2608083159","https://openalex.org/W2626179920","https://openalex.org/W2765632782","https://openalex.org/W2806730163","https://openalex.org/W2851987659","https://openalex.org/W2884425660","https://openalex.org/W2890038516","https://openalex.org/W2893165963","https://openalex.org/W2900867603","https://openalex.org/W2906168794","https://openalex.org/W2912144197","https://openalex.org/W2923351305","https://openalex.org/W2937767317","https://openalex.org/W2953675020","https://openalex.org/W2967028462","https://openalex.org/W2995759687","https://openalex.org/W3003872926","https://openalex.org/W3006948480","https://openalex.org/W3014574153","https://openalex.org/W3023553154","https://openalex.org/W3024123324","https://openalex.org/W3024743264","https://openalex.org/W3039238171","https://openalex.org/W3040347013","https://openalex.org/W3047030348","https://openalex.org/W6633899685","https://openalex.org/W6781098361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355663289","https://openalex.org/W2982399888","https://openalex.org/W2106913410","https://openalex.org/W4380372336","https://openalex.org/W2354248671","https://openalex.org/W2359134391","https://openalex.org/W2594116857","https://openalex.org/W2947628004","https://openalex.org/W2935229758","https://openalex.org/W2352791832"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quadrature":[0],"spatial":[1,22],"modulation":[2,23],"(QSM)":[3],"based":[4,30,166,187],"millimeter":[5],"wave":[6],"(mmWave)":[7],"communication":[8,52],"system":[9],"design":[10,181],"using":[11,149],"frequency":[12,71,123],"diverse":[13],"array":[14,46,75],"(FDA)":[15],"is":[16,53],"proposed":[17,180],"in":[18,108],"this":[19,56],"article.":[20],"Since":[21],"techniques":[24],"(SMT)":[25],"employ":[26],"maximum":[27],"likelihood":[28],"(ML)":[29],"detector":[31,107],"at":[32,131],"receiver,":[33,110],"the":[34,74,84,98,109,121,128,175,179,193],"computational":[35,195],"complexity":[36],"increases":[37],"vastly.":[38],"Moreover,":[39],"numerous":[40],"existing":[41,183],"SMT":[42],"methods":[43],"utilize":[44,92],"phased":[45],"(PA),":[47],"where":[48],"only":[49],"angle":[50],"dependent":[51,78,168],"possible.":[54],"In":[55],"article,":[57],"we":[58,101],"propose":[59,102],"to":[60,96,120,126,144,158,163],"use":[61],"a":[62,67,103,113,150],"standard":[63,151],"FDA":[64,165],"that":[65],"exploits":[66],"small":[68],"linearly":[69],"increasing":[70],"offset":[72],"across":[73],"for":[76],"range-angle":[77,167],"QSM":[79,186],"wireless":[80],"communications.":[81],"That":[82],"is,":[83],"in-phase":[85],"and":[86,171,185],"quadrature":[87],"components":[88],"of":[89,178],"transmission":[90],"vector":[91],"slightly":[93],"different":[94],"frequencies":[95],"deliver":[97],"information.":[99],"Furthermore,":[100],"suboptimal":[104],"multi-stage":[105],"(MS)":[106],"which":[111],"applies":[112],"matched":[114,119],"filtering":[115],"(i.e.,":[116],"bandpass":[117],"filters":[118],"corresponding":[122],"offsets)":[124],"approach":[125,191],"decode":[127,145],"index":[129],"bits":[130,148],"first":[132],"step,":[133],"whereas,":[134],"merely,":[135],"two":[136],"most":[137],"probable":[138],"estimated":[139],"indices":[140],"are":[141],"utilized":[142],"further":[143],"associated":[146],"data":[147],"ML":[152],"method.":[153],"Adhering":[154],"an":[155,164],"improved":[156,176],"signal":[157],"noise":[159],"ratio":[160],"(SNR)":[161],"due":[162],"transmission,":[169],"simulation":[170],"numerical":[172],"results":[173],"show":[174],"performance":[177],"over":[182],"SM":[184],"schemes,":[188],"while":[189],"MS":[190],"reduces":[192],"receiver's":[194],"complexity.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
