{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091957253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.3027674","title":"Energy Efficient Artificial Noise-Aided Precoding Designs for Secured Visible Light Communication Systems","display_name":"Energy Efficient Artificial Noise-Aided Precoding Designs for Secured Visible Light Communication Systems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091957253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.3027674","mag":"3091957253"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2020.3027674","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.3027674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032241816","display_name":"Thanh V. Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7228-3172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141591182","display_name":"University of Aizu","ror":"https://ror.org/02pg0e883","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thanh V. Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Department of Computer and Information, University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7228-3172","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Department of Computer and Information, University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065550137","display_name":"Anh T. Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5143-1498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141591182","display_name":"University of Aizu","ror":"https://ror.org/02pg0e883","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anh T. Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Department of Computer and Information, University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5143-1498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Department of Computer and Information, University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032241816"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8726,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86066011,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"653","last_page":"666"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13869","display_name":"Ocular and Laser Science Research","score":0.9783999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-noise","display_name":"Artificial noise","score":0.8679178953170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.8328326940536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7178138494491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.6967509984970093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5534786581993103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.5450341105461121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5286080241203308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5247188806533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.5016369819641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5013847351074219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-forcing-precoding","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","score":0.4853919744491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.47176221013069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.46604692935943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.44795289635658264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.44549325108528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.41926848888397217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.4162573218345642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.41611966490745544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-polygon","display_name":"Regular polygon","score":0.31370285153388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2875974178314209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19744428992271423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.19009453058242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15418386459350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.11462268233299255}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801092","display_name":"Artificial noise","level":4,"score":0.8679178953170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.8328326940536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7178138494491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.6967509984970093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5534786581993103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.5450341105461121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5286080241203308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5247188806533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5016369819641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5013847351074219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155437304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069444","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","level":5,"score":0.4853919744491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.47176221013069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.46604692935943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.44795289635658264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.44549325108528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.41926848888397217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.4162573218345642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.41611966490745544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.31370285153388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2875974178314209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19744428992271423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.19009453058242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15418386459350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.11462268233299255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2020.3027674","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.3027674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1255426410","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"C-2020-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325763","funder_display_name":"Telecommunications Advancement Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325763","display_name":"Telecommunications Advancement Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05y77zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505562276","https://openalex.org/W1525277621","https://openalex.org/W1974240071","https://openalex.org/W1979570511","https://openalex.org/W1996215314","https://openalex.org/W2028078039","https://openalex.org/W2043769961","https://openalex.org/W2080693943","https://openalex.org/W2100303002","https://openalex.org/W2109430601","https://openalex.org/W2128153585","https://openalex.org/W2133406100","https://openalex.org/W2137853299","https://openalex.org/W2144007657","https://openalex.org/W2147102238","https://openalex.org/W2149302746","https://openalex.org/W2163770389","https://openalex.org/W2166765763","https://openalex.org/W2168585224","https://openalex.org/W2170447664","https://openalex.org/W2291394269","https://openalex.org/W2512859977","https://openalex.org/W2517495858","https://openalex.org/W2518645331","https://openalex.org/W2536620281","https://openalex.org/W2585777925","https://openalex.org/W2604605071","https://openalex.org/W2734631259","https://openalex.org/W2770625920","https://openalex.org/W2790611251","https://openalex.org/W2808581704","https://openalex.org/W2883966292","https://openalex.org/W2891198854","https://openalex.org/W2892465333","https://openalex.org/W2906575326","https://openalex.org/W2907343139","https://openalex.org/W2921148895","https://openalex.org/W2949672874","https://openalex.org/W3013602463","https://openalex.org/W4250589301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111825998","https://openalex.org/W2326544815","https://openalex.org/W1973158664","https://openalex.org/W1731022149","https://openalex.org/W1996933839","https://openalex.org/W2000226056","https://openalex.org/W4386858283","https://openalex.org/W2878548210","https://openalex.org/W2952382957","https://openalex.org/W1979654659"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Physical":[0],"layer":[1],"security":[2],"(PLS)":[3],"has":[4],"recently":[5],"gained":[6],"a":[7],"lot":[8],"of":[9,16,28,36,66,82,95,107,150,198],"attention":[10],"in":[11,30,33,142],"the":[12,26,34,53,62,67,80,90,93,98,105,108,123,127,133,152,165,194],"research":[13],"and":[14,69,171,196],"development":[15],"visible":[17],"light":[18],"communication":[19],"(VLC).":[20],"In":[21,72,92],"this":[22,143],"article,":[23],"we":[24,155],"study":[25],"designs":[27,177],"PLS":[29],"VLC":[31],"systems":[32],"presence":[35],"multiple":[37],"unauthorized":[38,70,83,136],"users":[39],"(i.e.":[40],"eavesdroppers)":[41],"using":[42],"artificial":[43],"noise":[44],"(AN)-aided":[45],"precoding.":[46],"The":[47,112,139],"design":[48,75,113,128,140,200],"objective":[49],"focuses":[50],"on":[51,61,104,132],"minimizing":[52],"total":[54],"transmit":[55],"power":[56],"subject":[57],"to":[58,102,163,192],"specific":[59],"constraints":[60,131],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[63],"ratios":[64],"(SINRs)":[65],"legitimate":[68,109],"users.":[71],"particular,":[73],"two":[74,157],"approaches":[76,162],"are":[77,184,190],"investigated":[78],"considering":[79],"availability":[81],"users'":[84,137],"channel":[85,182],"state":[86],"information":[87],"(CSI)":[88],"at":[89],"transmitter.":[91],"case":[94],"unknown":[96],"CSI,":[97],"AN":[99],"is":[100,115,125],"constructed":[101],"lie":[103],"null-space":[106],"user's":[110],"channel.":[111],"problem":[114],"convex,":[116],"thus,":[117],"can":[118],"be":[119],"effectively":[120],"solved.":[121],"When":[122],"CSI":[124],"available,":[126],"additionally":[129],"imposes":[130],"maximum":[134],"allowable":[135],"SINRs.":[138],"problem,":[141,166],"case,":[144],"is,":[145],"nevertheless,":[146],"non-convex.":[147],"Therefore,":[148],"instead":[149],"finding":[151],"optimal":[153],"solution,":[154],"examine":[156],"different":[158],"sub-optimal":[159],"yet":[160],"low-complexity":[161],"solve":[164],"namely:":[167],"Concave-Convex":[168],"Procedure":[169],"(CCP)":[170],"Semidefinite":[172],"Relaxation":[173],"(SDR).":[174],"Additionally,":[175],"robust":[176],"that":[178],"take":[179],"into":[180],"account":[181],"uncertainty":[183],"also":[185],"investigated.":[186],"Extensive":[187],"numerical":[188],"results":[189],"shown":[191],"demonstrate":[193],"feasibility":[195],"performance":[197],"each":[199],"with":[201],"practical":[202],"parameters.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}