{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091275534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.3026331","title":"Analysis of Random Access in NB-IoT Networks With Three Coverage Enhancement Groups: A Stochastic Geometry Approach","display_name":"Analysis of Random Access in NB-IoT Networks With Three Coverage Enhancement Groups: A Stochastic Geometry Approach","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091275534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.3026331","mag":"3091275534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2020.3026331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.3026331","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7693/9319597/09210822.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7693/9319597/09210822.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069227720","display_name":"Liu Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2339-2161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2339-2161","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009213856","display_name":"Yansha Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-7036"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yansha Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, King\u2019s College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-7036","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, King\u2019s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114949056","display_name":"Nan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5337-890X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5337-890X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015335741","display_name":"Maged Elkashlan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5168-0160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maged Elkashlan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5168-0160","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002265731","display_name":"Arumugam Nallanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-5884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arumugam Nallanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-5884","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069227720"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3927,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89291687,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"549","last_page":"564"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access","display_name":"Random access","score":0.7416242957115173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7358007431030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-geometry","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","score":0.7062026858329773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.6097506284713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coverage-probability","display_name":"Coverage probability","score":0.577231228351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.532925546169281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrowband","display_name":"Narrowband","score":0.5254756212234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2341536283493042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.16038185358047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1479608118534088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidence-interval","display_name":"Confidence interval","score":0.07764863967895508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101722063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218825","display_name":"Random access","level":2,"score":0.7416242957115173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7358007431030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.7062026858329773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6097506284713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179217","display_name":"Coverage probability","level":3,"score":0.577231228351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.532925546169281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.5254756212234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2341536283493042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.16038185358047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1479608118534088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.07764863967895508}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2020.3026331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.3026331","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7693/9319597/09210822.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:openaire/9b74b7f2-ae43-4dd5-a850-1d0697275f2d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/9b74b7f2-ae43-4dd5-a850-1d0697275f2d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Liu, Y, Deng, Y, Jiang, N, Elkashlan, M & Nallanathan, A 2021, 'Analysis of Random Access in NB-IoT Networks with Three Coverage Enhancement Groups : A Stochastic Geometry Approach', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 20, no. 1, 9210822, pp. 549-564. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2020.3026331","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qmro.qmul.ac.uk:123456789/71787","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/71787","pdf_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/71787","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400530","display_name":"Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","host_organization_name":"Queen Mary University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2020.3026331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.3026331","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7693/9319597/09210822.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2730373108","display_name":"Communications Signal Processing Based Solutions for Massive Machine-to-Machine Networks (M3NETs)","funder_award_id":"EP/R006466/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5635460702","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R006466/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3091275534.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3091275534.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518331407","https://openalex.org/W1733806262","https://openalex.org/W1871594675","https://openalex.org/W1984714570","https://openalex.org/W2029657175","https://openalex.org/W2039688938","https://openalex.org/W2060609167","https://openalex.org/W2092852434","https://openalex.org/W2095377077","https://openalex.org/W2110767187","https://openalex.org/W2131489444","https://openalex.org/W2134295053","https://openalex.org/W2138958166","https://openalex.org/W2141804605","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2171882038","https://openalex.org/W2224070075","https://openalex.org/W2233856233","https://openalex.org/W2298211524","https://openalex.org/W2334263353","https://openalex.org/W2417785571","https://openalex.org/W2484228636","https://openalex.org/W2559744077","https://openalex.org/W2565270582","https://openalex.org/W2566392544","https://openalex.org/W2606669203","https://openalex.org/W2761245316","https://openalex.org/W2775869941","https://openalex.org/W2777737942","https://openalex.org/W2783426158","https://openalex.org/W2808026157","https://openalex.org/W2874971053","https://openalex.org/W2885872367","https://openalex.org/W2909600074","https://openalex.org/W2963436339","https://openalex.org/W2963793432","https://openalex.org/W2964260754","https://openalex.org/W3008207922","https://openalex.org/W3105610356","https://openalex.org/W3124012807","https://openalex.org/W4213251304","https://openalex.org/W6639151352","https://openalex.org/W6665541360","https://openalex.org/W6752843490"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229001419","https://openalex.org/W1985655499","https://openalex.org/W2784117976","https://openalex.org/W1964137838","https://openalex.org/W2949445086","https://openalex.org/W2020749775","https://openalex.org/W2406192116","https://openalex.org/W2542917748","https://openalex.org/W4291377066","https://openalex.org/W2767883074"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"NarrowBand-Internet":[0],"of":[1,75,107,136,178,187,205,221,225],"Things":[2],"(NB-IoT)":[3],"is":[4,61,200],"a":[5,30,86,137,188],"new":[6],"3GPP":[7],"radio":[8],"access":[9,158],"technology":[10],"designed":[11],"to":[12,36,91,217],"provide":[13,24],"better":[14],"coverage":[15],"for":[16,131,195],"Low":[17],"Power":[18],"Wide":[19],"Area":[20],"(LPWA)":[21],"networks.":[22],"To":[23,70],"reliable":[25],"connections":[26],"with":[27,63,79,150,228],"extended":[28],"coverage,":[29],"repetition":[31,65],"transmission":[32,55,68,101],"scheme":[33],"and":[34,53,67,103,116,162,165,211],"up":[35],"three":[37,80,182],"Coverage":[38],"Enhancement":[39],"(CE)":[40],"groups":[41,184],"are":[42],"introduced":[43],"into":[44],"NB-IoT":[45,77],"during":[46],"both":[47,98],"Random":[48],"Access":[49],"CHannel":[50],"(RACH)":[51],"procedure":[52],"data":[54],"procedure,":[56],"where":[57,97],"each":[58,108,143],"CE":[59,81,109,144,183,190],"group":[60,110,145,191,223],"configured":[62],"different":[64,151],"values":[66],"resources.":[69],"characterize":[71],"the":[72,76,93,99,104,113,117,128,132,174,179,197,203,206,219],"RACH":[73,94,118,133,152,175],"performance":[74,220],"network":[78,192],"groups,":[82,198],"this":[83,123],"paper":[84],"develops":[85],"novel":[87],"traffic-aware":[88],"spatio-temporal":[89],"model":[90,210],"analyze":[92],"success":[95,119,134,176],"probability,":[96],"preamble":[100],"outage":[102],"collision":[105],"events":[106],"jointly":[111],"determine":[112],"traffic":[114],"evolution":[115],"probability.":[120],"Based":[121],"on":[122],"analytical":[124,129,212],"model,":[125],"we":[126],"derive":[127],"expression":[130],"probability":[135],"randomly":[138],"chosen":[139],"IoT":[140],"device":[141],"in":[142,181],"over":[146],"multiple":[147,222],"time":[148],"slots":[149],"schemes,":[153],"including":[154],"baseline,":[155],"back-off":[156],"(BO),":[157],"class":[159],"barring":[160],"(ACB),":[161],"hybrid":[163],"ACB":[164],"BO":[166],"schemes":[167],"(ACB&BO).":[168],"Our":[169],"results":[170],"have":[171],"shown":[172],"that":[173,186],"probabilities":[177],"devices":[180],"outperform":[185],"single":[189],"but":[193],"not":[194],"all":[196],"which":[199],"affected":[201],"by":[202],"choice":[204],"categorizing":[207],"parameters.This":[208],"mathematical":[209],"framework":[213],"can":[214],"be":[215],"applied":[216],"evaluate":[218],"users":[224],"other":[226],"networks":[227],"spatial":[229],"separations.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2020-10-08T00:00:00"}
