{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3032716743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.2995594","title":"Machine Learning-Enabled Cooperative Spectrum Sensing for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access","display_name":"Machine Learning-Enabled Cooperative Spectrum Sensing for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3032716743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.2995594","mag":"3032716743"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2020.2995594","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.2995594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039157713","display_name":"Zhenjiang Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2837-9609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenjiang Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2837-9609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004646444","display_name":"Wei Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-4752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101493212","display_name":"Shangwei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8387-6734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shangwei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8387-6734","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jiajia Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9920-4956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9920-4956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013311265","display_name":"Nei Kato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8769-302X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nei Kato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8769-302X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5613,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9749499,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"9","first_page":"5692","last_page":"5702"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.783409059047699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5845961570739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5585964918136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5282372832298279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.52796471118927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5124976634979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.45993614196777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.458219438791275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3705231845378876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32675841450691223}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.783409059047699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5845961570739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5585964918136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5282372832298279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.52796471118927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5124976634979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.45993614196777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.458219438791275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3705231845378876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32675841450691223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2020.2995594","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.2995594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G487499063","display_name":"\u5bc6\u96c6\u5f02\u6784\u8702\u7a9d\u7f51\u4e2d\u57fa\u4e8eD2D\u7684\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u591a\u8df3\u901a\u4fe1\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61771374","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4985001966","display_name":"\u53c2\u4e0e\u5f0f\u611f\u77e5\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u90e8\u7f72\u5f0f\u611f\u77e5\u6df7\u5408\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61601357","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5648604873","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31020190QD040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7482419564","display_name":"\u8f66\u8054\u7f51\u4e0e\u7a7f\u6234\u7f51\u878d\u5408\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61771373","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7720874496","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31020200QD010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7832966593","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61801360","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7914313098","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3102019PY005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W592963477","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W2009086942","https://openalex.org/W2025800980","https://openalex.org/W2027923219","https://openalex.org/W2065424480","https://openalex.org/W2073849744","https://openalex.org/W2095843437","https://openalex.org/W2137072264","https://openalex.org/W2141682101","https://openalex.org/W2165202277","https://openalex.org/W2168078104","https://openalex.org/W2343986128","https://openalex.org/W2509696551","https://openalex.org/W2522847968","https://openalex.org/W2606436201","https://openalex.org/W2621874875","https://openalex.org/W2777180355","https://openalex.org/W2780554135","https://openalex.org/W2790902314","https://openalex.org/W2796121587","https://openalex.org/W2802495557","https://openalex.org/W2891720588","https://openalex.org/W2898398693","https://openalex.org/W2899344716","https://openalex.org/W2904220545","https://openalex.org/W2908993293","https://openalex.org/W2916723853","https://openalex.org/W2920054549","https://openalex.org/W2947829929","https://openalex.org/W2950865323","https://openalex.org/W2962777249","https://openalex.org/W2962947312","https://openalex.org/W2963336322","https://openalex.org/W2971610430","https://openalex.org/W2979987893","https://openalex.org/W2985230321","https://openalex.org/W2990455952","https://openalex.org/W2996568029","https://openalex.org/W3005620403","https://openalex.org/W3101450547"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090763504","https://openalex.org/W148178222","https://openalex.org/W2104657898","https://openalex.org/W1948992892","https://openalex.org/W1886884218","https://openalex.org/W2804364458","https://openalex.org/W1910826599","https://openalex.org/W2012353789","https://openalex.org/W2530420969","https://openalex.org/W2051187167"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,53],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"multiple":[3,23,56],"machine":[4],"learning-enabled":[5],"solutions":[6],"are":[7],"adopted":[8],"to":[9,61,76],"tackle":[10],"the":[11,63,70,81,89,92,96,100,106,115,124],"challenges":[12],"of":[13,65,72,91,94,104,108,126],"complex":[14],"sensing":[15,20,82],"model":[16],"in":[17,86],"cooperative":[18],"spectrum":[19],"for":[21],"non-orthogonal":[22],"access":[24],"transmission":[25],"mechanism,":[26],"including":[27],"unsupervised":[28],"learning":[29,41],"algorithms":[30,42],"(K-Means":[31],"clustering":[32],"and":[33,49,69,118],"Gaussian":[34],"mixture":[35],"model)":[36],"as":[37,39,112,114],"well":[38,113],"supervised":[40],"(directed":[43],"acyclic":[44],"graph-support":[45],"vector":[46],"machine,":[47],"K-nearest-neighbor":[48],"back-propagation":[50],"neural":[51],"network).":[52],"these":[54],"solutions,":[55],"secondary":[57],"users":[58,67],"(SUs)":[59],"collaborate":[60],"perceive":[62],"presence":[64],"primary":[66],"(PUs),":[68],"state":[71],"each":[73],"PU":[74],"need":[75],"be":[77],"detected":[78],"precisely.":[79],"Furthermore,":[80],"accuracy":[83],"is":[84],"analyzed":[85],"detail":[87],"from":[88],"aspects":[90],"number":[93],"SUs,":[95],"training":[97,116],"data":[98],"volume,":[99],"average":[101],"signal-to-noise":[102],"ratio":[103,107],"receivers,":[105],"PUs'":[109],"power":[110],"coefficients,":[111],"time":[117],"test":[119],"time.":[120],"Numerical":[121],"results":[122],"illustrate":[123],"effectiveness":[125],"our":[127],"proposed":[128],"solutions.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}