{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913497124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2951416","title":"End-to-End Performance Analysis of Underwater Optical Wireless Relaying and Routing Techniques Under Location Uncertainty","display_name":"End-to-End Performance Analysis of Underwater Optical Wireless Relaying and Routing Techniques Under Location Uncertainty","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913497124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2951416","mag":"2913497124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2019.2951416","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2951416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.09357","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034034574","display_name":"Abdulkadir \u00c7elik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-9979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulkadir Celik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-9979","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042602326","display_name":"Nasir Saeed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-5139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasir Saeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-5139","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063215964","display_name":"Basem Shihada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4434-4334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Basem Shihada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4434-4334","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066119580","display_name":"Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6955-4720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6955-4720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083193286","display_name":"Mohamed\u2010Slim Alouini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed-Slim Alouini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2741,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52617235,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"1167","last_page":"1181"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7019148468971252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6904686093330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.5233535170555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.4332357347011566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.2744430899620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.2058066725730896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7019148468971252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6904686093330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.5233535170555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.4332357347011566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.2744430899620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.2058066725730896}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2019.2951416","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2951416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:504477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2019.2951416>).","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1901.09357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.09357","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.09357","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2913497124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.09357.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/660358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/660358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1901.09357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.09357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1901.09357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.09357","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.09357","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W996936554","https://openalex.org/W1551552713","https://openalex.org/W1554648094","https://openalex.org/W2026584279","https://openalex.org/W2032352143","https://openalex.org/W2105935781","https://openalex.org/W2124726137","https://openalex.org/W2131058166","https://openalex.org/W2149472588","https://openalex.org/W2154122080","https://openalex.org/W2182565882","https://openalex.org/W2221609672","https://openalex.org/W2272920939","https://openalex.org/W2330152754","https://openalex.org/W2336491352","https://openalex.org/W2472955562","https://openalex.org/W2511738082","https://openalex.org/W2532582639","https://openalex.org/W2577566690","https://openalex.org/W2582533589","https://openalex.org/W2738281497","https://openalex.org/W2746065459","https://openalex.org/W2776768503","https://openalex.org/W2777658955","https://openalex.org/W2789554261","https://openalex.org/W2790645748","https://openalex.org/W2801476520","https://openalex.org/W2807808609","https://openalex.org/W2809325775","https://openalex.org/W2818721468","https://openalex.org/W2889173296","https://openalex.org/W2893029947","https://openalex.org/W2899380713","https://openalex.org/W2954325870","https://openalex.org/W2962995570","https://openalex.org/W2963014673","https://openalex.org/W2982412810","https://openalex.org/W6681300879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996529816","https://openalex.org/W2082765337","https://openalex.org/W2252549909","https://openalex.org/W2012608510","https://openalex.org/W2904537130","https://openalex.org/W2017328258","https://openalex.org/W1994688078","https://openalex.org/W2200822795","https://openalex.org/W2476545110","https://openalex.org/W2091393230","https://openalex.org/W2292034251","https://openalex.org/W2110682761","https://openalex.org/W2073094447","https://openalex.org/W2314728857","https://openalex.org/W2034937481","https://openalex.org/W3094038506","https://openalex.org/W188078293","https://openalex.org/W3098586106","https://openalex.org/W2512825448","https://openalex.org/W2105089600"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"On":[0],"the":[1,26,41,74,90,94,169,195],"contrary":[2],"of":[3,28,36,45,50,98,172,197],"low":[4,22],"speed":[5,20],"and":[6,21,47,63,66,80,88,96,130,152,187,208,215],"high":[7,19],"delay":[8],"acoustic":[9],"systems,":[10],"underwater":[11,51,216],"optical":[12,52,131],"wireless":[13,53],"communication":[14,30,34],"(UOWC)":[15],"can":[16],"deliver":[17],"a":[18,99,156],"latency":[23],"service":[24],"at":[25],"expense":[27],"short":[29],"ranges.":[31],"Therefore,":[32],"multihop":[33,198],"is":[35,165,175,183],"utmost":[37],"importance":[38],"to":[39,145,178,193,204],"extend":[40],"range,":[42],"improve":[43],"degree":[44],"connectivity,":[46],"overall":[48],"performance":[49,71,106],"networks":[54],"(UOWNs).":[55],"In":[56,191],"this":[57,59],"regard,":[58],"paper":[60],"investigates":[61],"relaying":[62,124,143,209],"routing":[64,139,158,207],"techniques":[65,144],"provides":[67],"their":[68],"end-to-end":[69],"(E2E)":[70],"analysis":[72],"under":[73,93,211],"location":[75],"uncertainty.":[76],"To":[77],"achieve":[78],"robust":[79],"reliable":[81],"links,":[82],"we":[83],"first":[84],"consider":[85],"adaptive":[86],"beamwidths":[87],"derive":[89],"divergence":[91],"angles":[92],"absence":[95],"presence":[97],"pointing-acquisitioning-and-tracking":[100],"(PAT)":[101],"mechanism.":[102],"Thereafter,":[103],"important":[104],"E2E":[105,147],"metrics":[107],"(e.g.,":[108],"data":[109],"rate,":[110,113,148,151],"bit":[111,149],"error":[112,150],"transmission":[114],"power,":[115],"amplifier":[116],"gain,":[117],"etc.)":[118],"are":[119,202],"obtained":[120],"for":[121,141],"two":[122],"potential":[123],"techniques;":[125],"decode":[126],"&":[127,133],"forward":[128,134],"(DF)":[129],"amplify":[132],"(AF).":[135],"We":[136],"develop":[137],"centralized":[138],"schemes":[140,210],"both":[142],"optimize":[146],"power":[153],"consumption.":[154],"Alternatively,":[155],"distributed":[157],"protocol,":[159],"namely":[160],"Light":[161],"Path":[162],"Routing":[163],"(LiPaR),":[164],"proposed":[166],"by":[167],"leveraging":[168],"range-beamwidth":[170],"tradeoff":[171],"UOWCs.":[173],"LiPaR":[174],"especially":[176],"shown":[177],"be":[179],"favorable":[180],"when":[181],"there":[182],"no":[184],"PAT":[185],"mechanism":[186],"available":[188],"network":[189,213],"information.":[190],"order":[192],"show":[194],"benefits":[196],"communications,":[199],"extensive":[200],"simulations":[201],"conducted":[203],"compare":[205],"different":[206,212],"parameters":[214],"environments.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
