{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2916260156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2899098","title":"Non-Uniform Deployment of Power Beacons in Wireless Powered Communication Networks","display_name":"Non-Uniform Deployment of Power Beacons in Wireless Powered Communication Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2916260156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2899098","mag":"2916260156"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2019.2899098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2899098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/37820","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083599294","display_name":"Kai Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9431-9391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9431-9391","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014340318","display_name":"Liqiang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3374-6066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liqiang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3374-6066","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024123401","display_name":"Gan Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8457-6477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gan Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical, and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8457-6477","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical, and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084739355","display_name":"Hsiao\u2010Hwa Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8473-0729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsiao-Hwa Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8473-0729","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6346,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83752909,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"1887","last_page":"1899"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.8635287880897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7048435211181641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.7034048438072205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beacon","display_name":"Beacon","score":0.5669532418251038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.543443500995636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5398079752922058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-equipment","display_name":"User equipment","score":0.5058924555778503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5049124360084534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.46696001291275024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.44114983081817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3462126851081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.30576270818710327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.19429704546928406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.0982029139995575}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.8635287880897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7048435211181641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.7034048438072205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102168758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7321258","display_name":"Beacon","level":2,"score":0.5669532418251038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.543443500995636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5398079752922058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.5058924555778503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5049124360084534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.46696001291275024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.44114983081817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3462126851081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.30576270818710327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.19429704546928406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0982029139995575}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2019.2899098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2899098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lboro.ac.uk:2134/37820","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/37820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401023","display_name":"Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","host_organization_name":"Loughborough University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/9569363","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Non-uniform_deployment_of_power_beacons_in_wireless_powered_communication_networks/9569363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lboro.ac.uk:2134/37820","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/37820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401023","display_name":"Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","host_organization_name":"Loughborough University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1033608059","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1764263","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1595715893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B08038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1831304079","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u5e73\u6d41\u5c42\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u7a7a\u5730\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u9ad8\u6548\u4f20\u8f93\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61771358","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4483938776","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JB170102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4646743641","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"106-2221-E-006-021-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5238802353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"106-2221-E-006-028-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5660306544","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671186","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5706540208","display_name":"Unlocking Potentials of MIMO Full-duplex Radios for Heterogeneous Networks (UPFRONT)","funder_award_id":"EP/N007840/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5773810446","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017M613074","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5944235035","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018JM6052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8264282206","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RPG-2017-129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319993","funder_display_name":"Leverhulme Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8925317474","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N007840/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319993","display_name":"Leverhulme Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/012mzw131"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1554369138","https://openalex.org/W1985999806","https://openalex.org/W1992034250","https://openalex.org/W1997770298","https://openalex.org/W2002466123","https://openalex.org/W2005108639","https://openalex.org/W2009236160","https://openalex.org/W2017551824","https://openalex.org/W2032372805","https://openalex.org/W2039910645","https://openalex.org/W2058705882","https://openalex.org/W2068499153","https://openalex.org/W2081071884","https://openalex.org/W2094000142","https://openalex.org/W2102413189","https://openalex.org/W2114731473","https://openalex.org/W2118166339","https://openalex.org/W2122224951","https://openalex.org/W2135198560","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2177372563","https://openalex.org/W2204346730","https://openalex.org/W2226672079","https://openalex.org/W2249041762","https://openalex.org/W2275246626","https://openalex.org/W2289097008","https://openalex.org/W2334895121","https://openalex.org/W2484737696","https://openalex.org/W2520624197","https://openalex.org/W2527628484","https://openalex.org/W2572894822","https://openalex.org/W2583657414","https://openalex.org/W2587848607","https://openalex.org/W2740839525","https://openalex.org/W2962854684","https://openalex.org/W2963713839","https://openalex.org/W3099780361","https://openalex.org/W3101220995","https://openalex.org/W3101985168","https://openalex.org/W3104869988","https://openalex.org/W3124461539","https://openalex.org/W6910309960"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3006920049","https://openalex.org/W3087844490","https://openalex.org/W3090699061","https://openalex.org/W4387546583","https://openalex.org/W2949356284","https://openalex.org/W2103590590","https://openalex.org/W2013230419","https://openalex.org/W2169192185","https://openalex.org/W2055634632","https://openalex.org/W2957675536"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"wireless":[1],"powered":[2],"communication":[3],"networks":[4],"(WPCNs),":[5],"base":[6],"station":[7],"(BS)":[8],"and":[9,56,62,91,117,127,175],"power":[10,16,27,67,84,105,166,173,193],"beacons":[11],"(PBs)":[12],"can":[13,64],"offer":[14],"supplement":[15],"for":[17,45,86,95,123,184],"uplink":[18,92,128],"transmission":[19,116,172],"of":[20,29,36,79,135,142,195],"user":[21],"equipments":[22],"(UEs).":[23],"However,":[24],"the":[25,77,87,97,100,103,108,136,140,143,154,192,196],"aggregate":[26],"consumption":[28,167,194],"massively":[30],"deployed":[31],"PBs":[32,46,63,104],"may":[33],"exceed":[34],"that":[35,60,191],"a":[37,41,50,73,80,132,146],"BS.":[38],"We":[39],"propose":[40],"non-uniform":[42],"deployment":[43],"scheme":[44,198],"in":[47,76,99,107,153],"WPCNs,":[48],"where":[49],"cell":[51,81],"is":[52,160,182,199],"divided":[53],"into":[54],"inner":[55,88],"outer":[57,109,155],"areas,":[58],"such":[59],"BS":[61,74,170],"cooperate":[65],"to":[66,149,162,203],"UEs.":[68],"To":[69],"be":[70],"more":[71],"specific,":[72],"located":[75],"center":[78],"provides":[82],"downlink":[83,124],"supply":[85],"area":[89,134],"UEs":[90,98,106],"information":[93,129],"decoding":[94],"all":[96],"cell;":[101],"while":[102,168],"area.":[110,156],"With":[111],"multiple":[112],"antennas,":[113],"maximum":[114,118],"ratio":[115,119],"combining":[120],"are":[121],"adopted":[122],"energy":[125],"beamforming":[126],"reception.":[130],"Considering":[131],"finite":[133],"network,":[137],"we":[138],"derive":[139],"distribution":[141],"distance":[144],"from":[145],"non-center-located":[147],"UE":[148],"its":[150],"nearest":[151],"PB":[152],"An":[157],"optimization":[158],"problem":[159],"formulated":[161],"minimize":[163],"total":[164],"average":[165,171],"satisfying":[169],"constraint":[174],"coverage":[176,180],"probability":[177,181],"threshold.":[178],"Moreover,":[179],"derived":[183],"performance":[185],"evaluation.":[186],"The":[187],"numerical":[188],"results":[189],"show":[190],"proposed":[197],"reduced":[200],"significantly":[201],"compared":[202],"PB-only":[204],"WPCNs.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
