{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2604152202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2017.2764894","title":"Frequency Synchronization for Uplink Massive MIMO Systems","display_name":"Frequency Synchronization for Uplink Massive MIMO Systems","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2604152202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2017.2764894","mag":"2604152202"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2017.2764894","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2017.2764894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026374722","display_name":"Weile Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7962-0389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weile Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["MOE Key Lab for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","MOE Key Lab for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7962-0389","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MOE Key Lab for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MOE Key Lab for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050402661","display_name":"Feifei Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8896-352X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feifei Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8896-352X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013079905","display_name":"Shi Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6021","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011665213","display_name":"Hai Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6364-348X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15807432","display_name":"Osaka Prefecture University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cf1je33","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hai Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Systems, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6364-348X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Systems, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.5215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":85,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98242385,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"235","last_page":"249"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7822225689888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.7522335648536682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6047242283821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carrier-frequency-offset","display_name":"Carrier frequency offset","score":0.5600451827049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5562394857406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.5296266674995422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5102698802947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.4926784634590149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4540950655937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4075864553451538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.40500903129577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4011291563510895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3770432770252228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3653014302253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.3590463101863861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2879214882850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09362640976905823}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7822225689888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.7522335648536682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6047242283821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776108382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25111451","display_name":"Carrier frequency offset","level":5,"score":0.5600451827049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5562394857406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.5296266674995422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5102698802947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.4926784634590149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4540950655937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4075864553451538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.40500903129577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4011291563510895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3770432770252228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3653014302253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.3590463101863861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2879214882850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09362640976905823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2017.2764894","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2017.2764894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2716147218","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016JQ6005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2900680345","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61422109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8616498718","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61531011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8852596463","display_name":"\u5927\u89c4\u6a21MIMO\u4e0a\u884c\u94fe\u8def\u591a\u7528\u6237\u65f6\u9891\u540c\u6b65\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61671366","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584530125","https://openalex.org/W2001715686","https://openalex.org/W2004641176","https://openalex.org/W2013737143","https://openalex.org/W2015301486","https://openalex.org/W2050704771","https://openalex.org/W2053766964","https://openalex.org/W2076457767","https://openalex.org/W2082500899","https://openalex.org/W2084634022","https://openalex.org/W2100459091","https://openalex.org/W2101288405","https://openalex.org/W2107118996","https://openalex.org/W2110774823","https://openalex.org/W2128513990","https://openalex.org/W2130090792","https://openalex.org/W2132821178","https://openalex.org/W2141682101","https://openalex.org/W2142015064","https://openalex.org/W2142019271","https://openalex.org/W2142294962","https://openalex.org/W2145013959","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2164153974","https://openalex.org/W2170596266","https://openalex.org/W2172110976","https://openalex.org/W2196078015","https://openalex.org/W2334290851","https://openalex.org/W2490222774","https://openalex.org/W2508135349","https://openalex.org/W2548842562","https://openalex.org/W2583448126","https://openalex.org/W2962932059","https://openalex.org/W2963287991","https://openalex.org/W2963414789","https://openalex.org/W3022136271","https://openalex.org/W3098350033","https://openalex.org/W3099161645","https://openalex.org/W3106282754"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365807906","https://openalex.org/W2157864637","https://openalex.org/W2163799874","https://openalex.org/W4223416141","https://openalex.org/W2546639359","https://openalex.org/W2110234499","https://openalex.org/W1922070205","https://openalex.org/W2540911486","https://openalex.org/W3175192043","https://openalex.org/W3147831239"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5,17,47,66,130],"frequency":[6,12,57],"synchronization":[7],"scheme":[8,53,133],"for":[9,61,98],"multiuser":[10],"orthogonal":[11],"division":[13],"multiplexing":[14],"uplink":[15],"with":[16,76,136],"large-scale":[18],"uniform":[19],"linear":[20],"array":[21],"at":[22,38],"base":[23],"station":[24],"(BS)":[25],"by":[26],"exploiting":[27],"the":[28,35,51,77,100,114,121,137,149,160],"angle":[29],"information":[30],"of":[31,79,120],"users.":[32],"Considering":[33],"that":[34,140],"incident":[36],"signal":[37],"BS":[39],"from":[40,148],"each":[41,62],"user":[42,63,95,131],"can":[43,72,108],"be":[44,73,109,145],"restricted":[45],"within":[46],"certain":[48],"angular":[49],"spread,":[50],"proposed":[52,161],"could":[54],"perform":[55],"carrier":[56],"offset":[58],"(CFO)":[59],"estimation":[60,104,123],"individually":[64],"through":[65],"joint":[67],"spatial-frequency":[68],"alignment":[69],"procedure":[70],"and":[71,105],"completed":[74],"efficiently":[75],"aid":[78],"fast":[80],"Fourier":[81],"transform.":[82],"A":[83],"multi-branch":[84],"receive":[85],"beamforming":[86],"is":[87,124],"further":[88,128],"designed":[89],"to":[90,134,158],"yield":[91],"an":[92],"equivalent":[93],"single":[94],"transmission":[96],"model":[97],"which":[99],"conventional":[101],"single-user":[102],"channel":[103],"data":[106],"detection":[107],"carried":[110],"out.":[111],"To":[112],"make":[113],"study":[115],"complete,":[116],"theoretical":[117],"performance":[118],"analysis":[119],"CFO":[122],"also":[125],"conducted.":[126],"We":[127],"develop":[129],"grouping":[132],"deal":[135],"unexpected":[138],"scenarios":[139],"some":[141],"users":[142],"may":[143],"not":[144],"separated":[146],"well":[147],"spatial":[150],"domain.":[151],"Finally,":[152],"various":[153],"numerical":[154],"results":[155],"are":[156],"provided":[157],"verify":[159],"studies.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
