{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2604281350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2017.2753225","title":"On the Performance of Millimeter Wave-Based RF-FSO Multi-Hop and Mesh Networks","display_name":"On the Performance of Millimeter Wave-Based RF-FSO Multi-Hop and Mesh Networks","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2604281350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2017.2753225","mag":"2604281350"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2017.2753225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2017.2753225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014200955","display_name":"Behrooz Makki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7863-997X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Behrooz Makki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, G\u00f6teborg, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, G\u00f6teborg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086726797","display_name":"Tommy Svensson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2579-9002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommy Svensson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, G\u00f6teborg, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, G\u00f6teborg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080067300","display_name":"Ma\u00eft\u00e9 Brandt-Pearce","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2566-8280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maite Brandt-Pearce","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083193286","display_name":"Mohamed\u2010Slim Alouini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed-Slim Alouini","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014200955"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.205,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92328999,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"12","first_page":"7746","last_page":"7759"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6842578649520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.672418475151062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-automatic-repeat-request","display_name":"Hybrid automatic repeat request","score":0.6201232075691223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.5730317234992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.4696865379810333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3938257098197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3507397174835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2962598502635956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2569388449192047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.17577213048934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.1724589765071869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.12623977661132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0913756787776947}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6842578649520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.672418475151062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118437007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1017139","display_name":"Hybrid automatic repeat request","level":3,"score":0.6201232075691223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.5730317234992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.4696865379810333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3938257098197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3507397174835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2962598502635956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2569388449192047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.17577213048934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.1724589765071869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.12623977661132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0913756787776947}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2017.2753225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2017.2753225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/626795","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/626795","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:501693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/be32a822-aaa3-41a5-a7c8-d7a4c60806b6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3882898254","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"671650","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4937468798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7608313199","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"671650","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321030","display_name":"VINNOVA","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd5m353"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W391578156","https://openalex.org/W571270299","https://openalex.org/W972130887","https://openalex.org/W1551888881","https://openalex.org/W1559046850","https://openalex.org/W1593770573","https://openalex.org/W1971604014","https://openalex.org/W1993518667","https://openalex.org/W1998218256","https://openalex.org/W2001702687","https://openalex.org/W2002128215","https://openalex.org/W2004886295","https://openalex.org/W2005857573","https://openalex.org/W2014240390","https://openalex.org/W2016452575","https://openalex.org/W2020977313","https://openalex.org/W2028869430","https://openalex.org/W2046549675","https://openalex.org/W2047166646","https://openalex.org/W2050740920","https://openalex.org/W2052342442","https://openalex.org/W2059967903","https://openalex.org/W2070394551","https://openalex.org/W2072482394","https://openalex.org/W2100255039","https://openalex.org/W2100739124","https://openalex.org/W2110175223","https://openalex.org/W2111299686","https://openalex.org/W2112913030","https://openalex.org/W2117154174","https://openalex.org/W2124198304","https://openalex.org/W2125484293","https://openalex.org/W2128830419","https://openalex.org/W2129189740","https://openalex.org/W2141528149","https://openalex.org/W2143280550","https://openalex.org/W2143802392","https://openalex.org/W2159960823","https://openalex.org/W2161694611","https://openalex.org/W2165663448","https://openalex.org/W2248980475","https://openalex.org/W2263466419","https://openalex.org/W2313278888","https://openalex.org/W2314274351","https://openalex.org/W2330897885","https://openalex.org/W2542475823","https://openalex.org/W2801179766","https://openalex.org/W2898225790","https://openalex.org/W2954511444","https://openalex.org/W3008609509","https://openalex.org/W3104534813","https://openalex.org/W3105715579","https://openalex.org/W3123545179","https://openalex.org/W4256694603","https://openalex.org/W4300223101","https://openalex.org/W6680887888"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W4391128921","https://openalex.org/W2093805614","https://openalex.org/W2160687205","https://openalex.org/W3117231723","https://openalex.org/W2936301543","https://openalex.org/W2378499691","https://openalex.org/W4287639438","https://openalex.org/W3092980819","https://openalex.org/W1984358772"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"studies":[2],"the":[3,37,53,64,84,87,91,97,101,105,110,116,119,125,128,139,146,159,176,189],"performance":[4],"of":[5,11,66,75,83,100,127,148,158,165,173,178,183],"multi-hop":[6],"and":[7,17,29,57,86,118,143,170,185,200],"mesh":[8],"networks":[9],"composed":[10],"millimeter":[12],"wave-based":[13],"radio":[14],"frequency":[15],"(RF)":[16],"free-space":[18],"optical":[19],"(FSO)":[20],"links.":[21],"The":[22,122],"results":[23,123],"are":[24],"obtained":[25],"in":[26,104,115,131,151],"cases":[27,194],"with":[28,180,195],"without":[30],"hybrid":[31],"automatic":[32],"repeat":[33],"request":[34],"(HARQ).":[35],"Using":[36],"central":[38],"limit":[39],"theorem":[40],"as":[41,43,70,77,79],"well":[42,78],"other":[44],"state-of-the-art":[45],"approximation":[46],"schemes,":[47],"we":[48,95],"derive":[49],"closed-form":[50],"expressions":[51],"for":[52,145],"networks'":[54],"outage":[55,140,163],"probability":[56,164],"ergodic":[58],"achievable":[59],"rates.":[60],"We":[61],"also":[62],"evaluate":[63],"effect":[65,147],"various":[67],"parameters":[68],"such":[69,108],"power":[71],"amplifiers":[72],"efficiency,":[73,142],"number":[74,99],"antennas":[76,103],"different":[80,132],"coherence":[81],"times":[82],"RF":[85,106],"FSO":[88],"links":[89],"on":[90],"system":[92],"performance.":[93],"Finally,":[94],"determine":[96],"minimum":[98],"transmit":[102],"link":[107],"that":[109],"same":[111],"rate":[112,172],"is":[113],"supported":[114],"RF-":[117],"FSO-based":[120],"hops.":[121],"show":[124],"efficiency":[126],"RF-FSO":[129,152,160],"setups":[130],"conditions.":[133],"Moreover,":[134],"HARQ":[135,179],"can":[136],"effectively":[137],"improve":[138],"probability/energy":[141],"compensate":[144],"hardware":[149],"impairments":[150],"networks.":[153],"For":[154],"common":[155],"parameter":[156],"settings":[157],"dual-hop":[161],"networks,":[162],"10":[166],"<sup":[167],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[168],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">-4</sup>":[169],"code":[171],"3":[174,186],"nats-per-channel-use,":[175],"implementation":[177],"a":[181],"maximum":[182],"2":[184],"retransmissions":[187],"reduces":[188],"required":[190],"power,":[191],"compared":[192],"to":[193],"open-loop":[196],"communication,":[197],"by":[198],"13":[199],"17":[201],"dB,":[202],"respectively.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}