{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2560844389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2635654","title":"Noncoherent Detections for Ambient Backscatter System","display_name":"Noncoherent Detections for Ambient Backscatter System","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2560844389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2635654","mag":"2560844389"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2016.2635654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2635654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052597621","display_name":"Jing Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2047-6917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2047-6917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050402661","display_name":"Feifei Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8896-352X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feifei Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019932727","display_name":"Gongpu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5346-3162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gongpu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013079905","display_name":"Shi Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100755735","display_name":"Hongbo Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1032-4434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbo Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.3427,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":299,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9954718,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"1412","last_page":"1422"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7667268514633179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.7032376527786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.6849176287651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5309780240058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5308065414428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5280176997184753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5269076228141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5183632969856262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.48050105571746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42867758870124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-theory","display_name":"Detection theory","score":0.4259384274482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.4209184944629669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.40219008922576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.39698100090026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3783707022666931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3392399251461029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12736573815345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12727439403533936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07046815752983093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7667268514633179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.7032376527786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.6849176287651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5309780240058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5308065414428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5280176997184753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5269076228141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5183632969856262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.48050105571746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42867758870124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137270730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120811","display_name":"Detection theory","level":3,"score":0.4259384274482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.4209184944629669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.40219008922576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.39698100090026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3783707022666931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3392399251461029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12736573815345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12727439403533936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07046815752983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2016.2635654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2635654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2900680345","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61422109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6555637624","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61625106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7027177648","display_name":"\u73af\u5883\u53cd\u5411\u6563\u5c04\u901a\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\u4f30\u8ba1\u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\u68c0\u6d4b\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61571037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8616498718","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61531011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600286664","https://openalex.org/W1667165204","https://openalex.org/W1688906656","https://openalex.org/W1973794041","https://openalex.org/W1975147464","https://openalex.org/W1987380770","https://openalex.org/W1994803221","https://openalex.org/W2023918657","https://openalex.org/W2032372805","https://openalex.org/W2060697125","https://openalex.org/W2063551896","https://openalex.org/W2089535996","https://openalex.org/W2094729371","https://openalex.org/W2095688823","https://openalex.org/W2099384394","https://openalex.org/W2099461393","https://openalex.org/W2100064520","https://openalex.org/W2103829092","https://openalex.org/W2104173222","https://openalex.org/W2109191808","https://openalex.org/W2109520672","https://openalex.org/W2115138502","https://openalex.org/W2116077030","https://openalex.org/W2120345201","https://openalex.org/W2130257511","https://openalex.org/W2134011805","https://openalex.org/W2136414327","https://openalex.org/W2147267376","https://openalex.org/W2152061372","https://openalex.org/W2153412222","https://openalex.org/W2156199244","https://openalex.org/W2187646083","https://openalex.org/W2290855946","https://openalex.org/W2397114941","https://openalex.org/W2583922584","https://openalex.org/W2798333393","https://openalex.org/W3008609509","https://openalex.org/W4300223101","https://openalex.org/W6674289511","https://openalex.org/W6682293484","https://openalex.org/W6682968118","https://openalex.org/W6686962571"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984559991","https://openalex.org/W1799242668","https://openalex.org/W2502358642","https://openalex.org/W3165883639","https://openalex.org/W1847813119","https://openalex.org/W2068956457","https://openalex.org/W2105579152","https://openalex.org/W2744709723","https://openalex.org/W2005239049","https://openalex.org/W3140124938"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ambient":[0],"backscatter,":[1],"an":[2,46,66],"emerging":[3],"communication":[4],"mechanism":[5],"where":[6,50],"battery-free":[7],"devices":[8],"communicate":[9],"with":[10,62,161],"each":[11],"other":[12],"via":[13],"backscattering":[14],"ambient":[15,47,67,121],"radio":[16],"frequency":[17],"(RF)":[18],"signals,":[19],"has":[20],"achieved":[21],"much":[22],"attention":[23],"recently":[24],"because":[25],"of":[26,34,65,76,85,107,116,119,128,174,177],"its":[27,138],"desirable":[28],"application":[29],"prospects":[30],"in":[31,155],"the":[32,63,86,91,102,120,129,178],"Internet":[33],"Things.":[35],"In":[36,111],"this":[37],"paper,":[38],"we":[39,131],"formulate":[40],"a":[41,51,60,94,133,156],"practical":[42],"transmission":[43],"model":[44],"for":[45],"backscatter":[48],"system,":[49],"tag":[52],"wishes":[53],"to":[54,59,113,168,189],"send":[55],"some":[56],"low-rate":[57],"messages":[58],"reader":[61],"help":[64],"RF":[68,122],"signal":[69,109,123],"source,":[70],"and":[71,124,136,148,172],"then":[72],"provide":[73],"fundamental":[74],"studies":[75],"noncoherent":[77],"symbol":[78],"detection":[79,140],"when":[80],"all":[81],"channel":[82],"state":[83],"information":[84],"system":[87,163],"is":[88,98],"unknown.":[89],"For":[90],"first":[92],"time,":[93],"maximum":[95],"likelihood":[96],"detector":[97,135],"derived":[99],"based":[100],"on":[101],"joint":[103],"probability":[104,151],"density":[105],"function":[106],"received":[108],"vectors.":[110],"order":[112],"ease":[114],"availability":[115],"prior":[117],"knowledge":[118],"reduce":[125],"computational":[126,175],"complexity":[127,176],"algorithm,":[130],"design":[132],"joint-energy":[134],"derive":[137],"corresponding":[139],"threshold.":[141],"The":[142],"analytical":[143],"bit":[144],"error":[145],"rate":[146],"(BER)":[147],"BER-based":[149],"outage":[150],"are":[152,180,187],"also":[153],"obtained":[154],"closed":[157],"form,":[158],"which":[159],"helps":[160],"designing":[162],"parameters.":[164],"An":[165],"estimation":[166],"method":[167],"obtain":[169],"detection-required":[170],"parameters":[171],"comparison":[173],"detectors":[179],"presented":[181],"as":[182],"complementary":[183],"discussions.":[184],"Simulation":[185],"results":[186],"provided":[188],"corroborate":[190],"theoretical":[191],"studies.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":25}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
