{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2348894283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2558559","title":"On the Wireless Channel Characteristics of Outdoor-to-Indoor LTE Small Cells","display_name":"On the Wireless Channel Characteristics of Outdoor-to-Indoor LTE Small Cells","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2348894283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2558559","mag":"2348894283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2016.2558559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2558559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078103099","display_name":"Aliye \u00d6zge Kaya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9343-3849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aliye Ozge Kaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110512574","display_name":"Doru Calin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doru Calin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0692,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79262566,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"8","first_page":"5453","last_page":"5466"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7561697959899902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.7144922614097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6824288368225098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-geometry","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","score":0.6680883169174194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5764620900154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.558714747428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-cell","display_name":"Small cell","score":0.5037955641746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macro","display_name":"Macro","score":0.4731280207633972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.4662434458732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3533349335193634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3429967164993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2954651117324829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13181832432746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1158919632434845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10790959000587463}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7561697959899902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7144922614097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6824288368225098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.6680883169174194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5764620900154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.558714747428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179655311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7543020","display_name":"Small cell","level":3,"score":0.5037955641746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.4731280207633972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.4662434458732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3533349335193634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3429967164993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2954651117324829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13181832432746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1158919632434845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10790959000587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2016.2558559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2558559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498561946","https://openalex.org/W1660190270","https://openalex.org/W2011646021","https://openalex.org/W2020755564","https://openalex.org/W2024545934","https://openalex.org/W2055239655","https://openalex.org/W2085394320","https://openalex.org/W2096271187","https://openalex.org/W2107826860","https://openalex.org/W2112836069","https://openalex.org/W2119792344","https://openalex.org/W2134347889","https://openalex.org/W2141343970","https://openalex.org/W2145148742","https://openalex.org/W2145324078","https://openalex.org/W2159256278","https://openalex.org/W2163363194","https://openalex.org/W2167564416"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2982391930","https://openalex.org/W3162726102","https://openalex.org/W3188493354","https://openalex.org/W2373477321","https://openalex.org/W2946611220","https://openalex.org/W3047079533","https://openalex.org/W1690954787","https://openalex.org/W4321450127","https://openalex.org/W4296764979","https://openalex.org/W2907170627"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,37,56,159],"demonstrate":[1,160],"a":[2],"ray":[3,76,161],"tracing":[4,77,162],"framework":[5,78],"to":[6,14,53,94,123,167,175,180],"extract":[7,168],"the":[8,24,27,58,62,75,80,88,96,135,143,169,182],"3-D":[9,136,170],"channel":[10,28,85,89,148,172,189],"parameters":[11,29,90,149,173],"as":[12,45,163],"input":[13],"stochastic":[15,84,183],"models":[16,86,184],"in":[17,91,150],"studying":[18],"small":[19,42,48,68,116,129,156,176],"cell":[20,49,157,177],"environments,":[21,178],"and":[22,35,73,139,179],"investigate":[23],"dependence":[25],"of":[26,64,67,98,108,128,147],"on":[30,39,134],"environmental":[31],"characteristics,":[32],"antenna":[33,140],"patterns,":[34],"frequency.":[36],"focus":[38],"long-term":[40],"evolution":[41],"cells,":[43],"taking":[44],"reference":[46],"outdoor":[47,65],"deployments":[50],"providing":[51],"services":[52],"indoor":[54,71],"users.":[55],"present":[57],"measurement":[59],"results":[60],"proving":[61],"feasibility":[63],"deployment":[66],"cells":[69,117,130],"for":[70,155],"coverage":[72],"validate":[74],"with":[79,186],"available":[81],"measurements.":[82],"Many":[83],"treat":[87],"two":[92],"dimensions":[93,152],"capture":[95],"characteristics":[97,138],"macro":[99],"cellular":[100],"networks,":[101],"where":[102],"base":[103],"stations":[104],"are":[105,118],"placed":[106],"hundreds":[107],"meters":[109],"away":[110],"from":[111],"each":[112,124],"other.":[113,125],"In":[114],"contrast,":[115],"deployed":[119],"much":[120],"more":[121],"closely":[122],"The":[126],"performance":[127],"is":[131,153],"highly":[132],"dependent":[133],"environment":[137],"patterns.":[141],"Therefore,":[142],"site":[144,187],"specific":[145,188],"modeling":[146],"three":[151],"quintessential":[154],"environments.":[158],"an":[164],"efficient":[165],"technique":[166],"site-specific":[171],"pertaining":[174],"calibrate":[181],"used":[185],"parameters.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
