{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126018922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2026.3658966","title":"Effective Outdoor Pathloss Prediction: A Multi-Layer Segmentation Approach With Weighting Map","display_name":"Effective Outdoor Pathloss Prediction: A Multi-Layer Segmentation Approach With Weighting Map","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126018922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2026.3658966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2026.3658966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2026.3658966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100592911","display_name":"Yuan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0606-1097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1014-9725","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124278130","display_name":"Tao Wen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9330-6363","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124225981","display_name":"Wenjing Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjing Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030092282","display_name":"Jianbo Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-4942"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianbo Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-4942","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082336235","display_name":"Yong Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3670-0434"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124205043","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106214934","display_name":"Shugong Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shugong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1905-6269","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8272,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85731609,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"7","first_page":"15246","last_page":"15251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9115999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9115999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.03689999878406525,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.006099999882280827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.6452999711036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4528000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.4171999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-propagation-model","display_name":"Radio propagation model","score":0.35190001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.3312000036239624}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6599000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.6452999711036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5181000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4528000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.42160001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4171999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.39070001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76843793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation model","level":3,"score":0.35190001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202311505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation","level":2,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22590252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058754","display_name":"Shortest path problem","level":3,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70136482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13583781","display_name":"A-weighting","level":3,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2026.3658966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2026.3658966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/212126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/212126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4591279923915863,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1580992242","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271391","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4268188251","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"25ZR1402148","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4600607170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2026D03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","funder_display_name":"Southeast University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Predicting":[0],"path":[1,51,69,130,136],"loss":[2,52,70,137],"by":[3,83,107,152],"considering":[4],"the":[5,81,99,103,124,128,166,172,187,190],"physical":[6],"environment":[7,82],"is":[8,175],"crucial":[9],"for":[10,135],"effective":[11],"wireless":[12],"network":[13],"planning.":[14],"Traditional":[15],"methods,":[16],"such":[17],"as":[18,45,92,94],"ray":[19],"tracing":[20],"and":[21,32,36,87,110,133,148,161],"model-based":[22],"approaches,":[23],"often":[24],"face":[25],"challenges":[26],"due":[27],"to":[28,67,76,127],"high":[29,114],"computational":[30,56],"complexity":[31],"discrepancies":[33],"between":[34,131],"models":[35],"real-world":[37],"environments.":[38],"In":[39,58,164],"contrast,":[40],"deep":[41],"learning":[42],"has":[43],"emerged":[44],"a":[46,63,95,119],"promising":[47],"alternative,":[48],"offering":[49],"accurate":[50],"predictions":[53],"with":[54],"reduced":[55],"complexity.":[57],"our":[59,143],"research,":[60],"we":[61,116],"introduce":[62],"ResNet-based":[64],"model":[65,144,174],"designed":[66],"enhance":[68],"prediction.":[71,138],"We":[72],"employ":[73],"innovative":[74],"techniques":[75],"capture":[77],"key":[78],"features":[79],"of":[80,157,171,180,189],"generating":[84],"transmission":[85],"(Tx)":[86],"reception":[88],"(Rx)":[89],"depth":[90],"maps,":[91],"well":[93],"distance":[96],"map":[97,121,192],"from":[98],"geographic":[100],"data.":[101],"Recognizing":[102],"significant":[104],"attenuation":[105],"caused":[106],"signal":[108],"reflection":[109],"diffraction,":[111],"particularly":[112],"at":[113],"frequencies,":[115],"have":[117],"developed":[118],"weighting":[120,191],"that":[122,142,186],"emphasizes":[123],"areas":[125],"adjacent":[126],"direct":[129],"Tx":[132],"Rx":[134],"Extensive":[139],"simulations":[140],"demonstrate":[141],"outperforms":[145],"PPNet,":[146],"RPNet,":[147],"Vision":[149],"Transformer":[150],"(ViT)":[151],"1.2-3.0":[153],"dB":[154],"using":[155],"dataset":[156],"ITU":[158],"challenge":[159],"2024":[160],"ICASSP":[162],"2023.":[163],"addition,":[165],"floating":[167],"point":[168],"operations":[169],"(FLOPs)":[170],"proposed":[173],"60%":[176],"less":[177],"than":[178],"those":[179],"benchmarks.":[181],"Additionally,":[182],"ablation":[183],"studies":[184],"confirm":[185],"inclusion":[188],"significantly":[193],"enhances":[194],"prediction":[195],"performance.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2026-01-30T00:00:00"}