{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124999749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2026.3655440","title":"HIPS: A Spatial-Temporal Attention-Guided Framework for Accurate Indoor Positioning via 5G/BLE Signal Fusion","display_name":"HIPS: A Spatial-Temporal Attention-Guided Framework for Accurate Indoor Positioning via 5G/BLE Signal Fusion","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124999749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2026.3655440"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2026.3655440","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2026.3655440","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123371936","display_name":"Zhen Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mobile Communications and Terminal Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0207-6872","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mobile Communications and Terminal Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123446913","display_name":"Peng Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mobile Communications and Terminal Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mobile Communications and Terminal Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yunfei Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144487","display_name":"Cloud Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04aa0zm65","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunfei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cloud Network Development Department of Guangdong China Telecom, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cloud Network Development Department of Guangdong China Telecom, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020105639","display_name":"N Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0884-0058","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123369703","display_name":"Qun Niu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qun Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5048-060X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123422137","display_name":"Liwei Liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144487","display_name":"Cloud Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04aa0zm65","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liwei Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cloud Network Development Department of Guangdong China Telecom, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cloud Network Development Department of Guangdong China Telecom, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123374495","display_name":"Tao Pang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mobile Communications and Terminal Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mobile Communications and Terminal Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05559583,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"7","first_page":"14489","last_page":"14505"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.8871999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.8871999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.07800000160932541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-positioning-system","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","score":0.746399998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5795999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5066999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-technology","display_name":"Positioning technology","score":0.39089998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.3853999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.3630000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187394410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","level":4,"score":0.746399998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5795999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5383999943733215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5331000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5066999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41440001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778075934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning technology","level":2,"score":0.39089998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.3853999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.36230000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.35659998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20832178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146298","display_name":"Trilateration","level":3,"score":0.35580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3537999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778913798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195672","display_name":"Received signal strength indication","level":3,"score":0.34700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777486483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6026477","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","level":3,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.32710000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176808163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105794","display_name":"Signal strength","level":3,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202511199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239503","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","level":4,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2026.3655440","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2026.3655440","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485981043","https://openalex.org/W1582056261","https://openalex.org/W1689711448","https://openalex.org/W1964083272","https://openalex.org/W1981198439","https://openalex.org/W2040213547","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2087240286","https://openalex.org/W2116396809","https://openalex.org/W2235922310","https://openalex.org/W2292478586","https://openalex.org/W2293202428","https://openalex.org/W2550856709","https://openalex.org/W2606436201","https://openalex.org/W2624385633","https://openalex.org/W2737143012","https://openalex.org/W2779673798","https://openalex.org/W2785281828","https://openalex.org/W2807909975","https://openalex.org/W2919576603","https://openalex.org/W2950392941","https://openalex.org/W2956936418","https://openalex.org/W2960348360","https://openalex.org/W2971655350","https://openalex.org/W2972355358","https://openalex.org/W2990893211","https://openalex.org/W3006154135","https://openalex.org/W3036328571","https://openalex.org/W3094180960","https://openalex.org/W3094620144","https://openalex.org/W3113374561","https://openalex.org/W3145582371","https://openalex.org/W3189493972","https://openalex.org/W3195612747","https://openalex.org/W3198544099","https://openalex.org/W3215545725","https://openalex.org/W4200015605","https://openalex.org/W4200363326","https://openalex.org/W4214559167","https://openalex.org/W4214711733","https://openalex.org/W4226224676","https://openalex.org/W4254056783","https://openalex.org/W4283325729","https://openalex.org/W4285261672","https://openalex.org/W4292672216","https://openalex.org/W4312881371","https://openalex.org/W4313590834","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4387421366","https://openalex.org/W4388240323","https://openalex.org/W4388430568","https://openalex.org/W4390938872","https://openalex.org/W4392052569","https://openalex.org/W4392202598","https://openalex.org/W4392904469","https://openalex.org/W4394564235","https://openalex.org/W4403447061","https://openalex.org/W4405304212","https://openalex.org/W4405306043"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,110,120,131,136,140],"widespread":[2],"deployment":[3],"of":[4,31,113,122,168],"fifth-generation":[5],"(5":[6],"G)":[7],"networks":[8],"and":[9,36,53,97,103,125],"their":[10],"distinctive":[11],"signal":[12,79,126],"characteristics,":[13],"indoor":[14],"positioning":[15,39,89,115,145,154,169],"based":[16],"on":[17],"5":[18,32,62,76,157],"G":[19,33,63,77,158],"technology":[20],"has":[21],"shown":[22],"great":[23],"potential.":[24],"However,":[25],"in":[26,101,166],"environments":[27],"with":[28,50,80,155],"limited":[29,156],"coverage":[30],"base":[34,159],"station":[35,160],"physical":[37],"obstructions,":[38],"accuracy":[40,90],"may":[41],"be":[42],"compromised.":[43],"Meanwhile,":[44],"Bluetooth":[45],"Low":[46],"Energy":[47],"(BLE)":[48],"technology,":[49],"its":[51],"cost-effectiveness":[52],"compact":[54],"hardware,":[55],"emerges":[56],"as":[57],"an":[58],"ideal":[59],"complement":[60],"to":[61,87,134],"positioning.":[64],"This":[65],"paper":[66],"proposes":[67],"a":[68],"Hybrid":[69],"Indoor":[70],"Positioning":[71],"Scheme":[72],"(HIPS)":[73],"that":[74,150],"integrates":[75],"uplink":[78],"BLE":[81],"Received":[82],"Signal":[83],"Strength":[84],"Indicator":[85],"(RSSI)":[86],"enhance":[88],"through":[91],"data":[92,116],"fusion.":[93],"By":[94],"leveraging":[95],"self-attention":[96],"channel":[98],"attention":[99],"mechanisms":[100],"spatial":[102],"temporal":[104],"dimensions,":[105],"respectively,":[106],"HIPS":[107,151],"effectively":[108],"captures":[109],"complementary":[111],"features":[112],"heterogeneous":[114],"sources":[117],"while":[118],"mitigating":[119],"impact":[121],"environmental":[123],"interference":[124],"variations.":[127],"Furthermore,":[128],"we":[129],"apply":[130],"Savitzky-Golay":[132],"filter":[133],"post-process":[135],"positions":[137],"predicted":[138],"by":[139],"network":[141],"model,":[142],"further":[143],"improving":[144],"accuracy.":[146,170],"Experimental":[147],"results":[148],"demonstrate":[149],"achieves":[152],"high-precision":[153],"deployment,":[161],"outperforming":[162],"several":[163],"state-of-the-art":[164],"methods":[165],"terms":[167]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2026-01-21T00:00:00"}
