{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117481354","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3649162","title":"Spatial Chirp-Based Optimization for Analog Beamforming in Line-of-Sight Terahertz Ultra-Wideband Phased Tx Array Systems","display_name":"Spatial Chirp-Based Optimization for Analog Beamforming in Line-of-Sight Terahertz Ultra-Wideband Phased Tx Array Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117481354","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3649162"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3649162","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3649162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121475802","display_name":"Xingyu Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4900-6624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121510011","display_name":"Li Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-3200","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113746826","display_name":"Pingzhi Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pingzhi Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-6251","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48853908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"6","first_page":"10963","last_page":"10977"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12024","display_name":"Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology","score":0.5817999839782715,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12024","display_name":"Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology","score":0.5817999839782715,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.2395000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.027300000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8392000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.6686000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.430400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.42890000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.37459999322891235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8392000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.7271000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.6686000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.524399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.430400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.42890000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.37459999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.367900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.3675000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.36480000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.3467000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.3253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193860024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7180973","display_name":"Phased-array optics","level":4,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3649162","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3649162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:235861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-3200>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1315233301","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20274","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6018493712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62020106001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"THz":[0,36,94],"ultra-wideband":[1],"wireless":[2],"communication":[3],"is":[4,27],"emerging":[5],"as":[6],"a":[7,99,134],"critical":[8],"technology":[9],"for":[10,59,68,128],"future":[11],"6G":[12],"networks,":[13],"due":[14],"to":[15,57,124,139,174],"its":[16],"vast":[17],"untapped":[18],"frequency":[19],"spectrum.":[20],"The":[21,148],"use":[22],"of":[23,35,74,89,152],"phased":[24,46,75],"antenna":[25],"arrays":[26,47],"highly":[28],"effective":[29],"in":[30,55,71,78,92,165,169],"mitigating":[31],"the":[32,86,112,116,141],"significant":[33,163],"attenuation":[34],"signals,":[37],"thereby":[38],"ensuring":[39],"high-quality":[40],"communication.":[41],"Through":[42],"well-designed":[43],"analog":[44,64,90,177],"beamformers,":[45],"can":[48],"achieve":[49],"beamforming":[50,91,178],"that":[51,103],"concentrates":[52],"signal":[53,60],"gain":[54],"space":[56],"compensate":[58],"loss.":[61],"However,":[62],"conventional":[63],"beamformers":[65],"are":[66,156],"designed":[67],"narrow-band,":[69],"resulting":[70],"compromised":[72],"performance":[73],"array":[76],"systems":[77,96],"ultrawideband":[79,95],"applications.":[80],"In":[81],"this":[82],"paper,":[83],"we":[84,132],"address":[85],"degradation":[87],"problem":[88],"line-of-sight":[93],"by":[97,114],"proposing":[98],"spatial":[100],"chirp-based":[101],"method":[102,119],"optimizes":[104],"throughput":[105,166],"across":[106],"various":[107],"application":[108],"scenarios.":[109],"We":[110],"begin":[111],"optimization":[113],"applying":[115],"stationary":[117],"phase":[118,129,142],"within":[120],"our":[121,153],"system":[122,146],"model":[123],"derive":[125],"initial":[126],"solutions":[127],"functions.":[130],"Subsequently,":[131],"design":[133],"gradient":[135],"ascentbased":[136],"iterative":[137],"algorithm":[138],"optimize":[140],"functions":[143],"and":[144,150,167],"maximize":[145],"throughput.":[147],"effectiveness":[149],"advantages":[151],"proposed":[154],"methods":[155],"demonstrated":[157],"through":[158],"simulation":[159],"results,":[160],"which":[161],"show":[162],"improvements":[164],"reductions":[168],"bit":[170],"error":[171],"rate":[172],"compared":[173],"state-of-the-art":[175],"wideband":[176],"methods.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-23T06:36:01.041984","created_date":"2025-12-29T00:00:00"}