{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417201873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3642026","title":"Max-Min Spectral Efficiency Optimization for Beyond-Diagonal RIS-Assisted Communications","display_name":"Max-Min Spectral Efficiency Optimization for Beyond-Diagonal RIS-Assisted Communications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417201873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3642026"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3642026","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3642026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/67243","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029905541","display_name":"Giovanni Iacovelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3551-4584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Iacovelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communications (SIGCOM) Research Group at Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3551-4584","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communications (SIGCOM) Research Group at Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015679187","display_name":"Chandan Kumar Sheemar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1676-5983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chandan Kumar Sheemar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communications (SIGCOM) Research Group at Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1676-5983","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communications (SIGCOM) Research Group at Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055476089","display_name":"Asad Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8978-3336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asad Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communications (SIGCOM) Research Group at Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8978-3336","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communications (SIGCOM) Research Group at Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026746581","display_name":"Eva Lagunas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-7245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eva Lagunas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communications (SIGCOM) Research Group at Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-7245","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communications (SIGCOM) Research Group at Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016154330","display_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-0001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communications (SIGCOM) Research Group at Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-0001","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communications (SIGCOM) Research Group at Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23717157,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"6","first_page":"11872","last_page":"11877"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.7786999940872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.7056000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.6258999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.47279998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4341000020503998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.7786999940872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.7056000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.6258999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5985000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.47749999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.47279998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4341000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4088999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018263672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1296251","display_name":"Efficient algorithm","level":2,"score":0.3449000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986910011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Cellular radio","level":3,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.25440001487731934}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3642026","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3642026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/67243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/67243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 1-6 (2025)","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/67243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/67243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 1-6 (2025)","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unlike":[0],"previous":[1],"contributions":[2],"that":[3],"primarily":[4],"investigate":[5],"sum-rate":[6],"maximization,":[7],"this":[8],"work":[9],"focuses":[10],"on":[11,48],"maximizing":[12],"fairness":[13,94],"among":[14],"multiple":[15],"users":[16],"in":[17],"a":[18,27,49],"Beyond-Diagonal":[19],"Reconfigurable":[20],"Intelligent":[21],"Surface":[22],"(BD-RIS)-assisted":[23],"downlink":[24],"system.":[25],"Specifically,":[26],"max-min":[28],"problem":[29,55],"is":[30],"formulated":[31],"to":[32,69],"jointly":[33],"optimize":[34],"the":[35,39,54,67,80],"digital":[36],"beamforming":[37],"at":[38],"base":[40],"station":[41],"and":[42,60,72,90],"BD-RIS":[43,52],"configuration.":[44],"We":[45,64],"first":[46],"focus":[47],"fully-connected":[50],"(FC)":[51],"solving":[53],"via":[56],"alternating":[57],"WMMSE":[58],"updates":[59],"Riemannian":[61],"gradient":[62],"descent.":[63],"then":[65],"extend":[66],"method":[68],"group-connected":[70],"(GC)":[71],"single-connected":[73],"(SC)":[74],"architectures.":[75],"Simulations":[76],"show":[77],"FC":[78],"achieves":[79],"highest":[81],"fairness,":[82],"GC":[83],"offers":[84],"near-FC":[85],"performance":[86],"with":[87,95],"lower":[88],"complexity,":[89],"SC":[91],"maintains":[92],"reasonable":[93],"minimal":[96],"hardware":[97],"cost.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-12-10T00:00:00"}