{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415367477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3623471","title":"TRID: Transmissive RIS-Aided Motion-Independent Identity Recognition Through Walls","display_name":"TRID: Transmissive RIS-Aided Motion-Independent Identity Recognition Through Walls","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415367477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3623471"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3623471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3623471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yunlong Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8243-9062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunlong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8243-9062","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037650979","display_name":"Tiebin Mi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6758-116X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiebin Mi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6758-116X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xin Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1198-2882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1198-2882","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046403593","display_name":"Junshuo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4347-3041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junshuo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4347-3041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jianan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4387-183X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4387-183X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066014874","display_name":"Robert C. Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0988-5525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert C. Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0988-5525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24562024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"4","first_page":"6792","last_page":"6805"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9366000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traverse","display_name":"Traverse","score":0.7443000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.5424000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.3813000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.37279999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.3472000062465668}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176809094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15401496","display_name":"Traverse","level":2,"score":0.7443000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.5424000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5059000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.40459999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.3813000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.37279999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.325300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121687571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity recognition","level":2,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132900626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534733","display_name":"Sketch recognition","level":4,"score":0.2558000087738037}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3623471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3623471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2488712091","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12141107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7314306912","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023JCYJ012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321883","funder_display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321883","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Identity":[0],"recognition":[1,18,52,89,162,224],"with":[2,265],"radio":[3],"frequency":[4],"(RF)":[5],"signals":[6],"enables":[7],"many":[8],"potential":[9],"applications":[10],"requiring":[11],"accurate":[12],"identification.":[13,178],"However,":[14],"current":[15],"RF-based":[16,50],"identity":[17,51,88,161,223],"systems":[19],"often":[20],"require":[21],"individuals":[22,122,174,202],"to":[23,120,139,172,175,193],"be":[24],"in":[25,243,260],"a":[26,78,108,132,157,180,263],"line-of-sight":[27],"(LoS)":[28],"environment":[29],"and":[30,44,112,143,207,268],"may":[31],"fail":[32],"when":[33,65,123],"the":[34,48,100,149,152,190,211,218],"signal-to-noise":[35],"ratio":[36],"(SNR)":[37],"is":[38,68,126,137,187,217,236],"low":[39],"after":[40],"signal":[41,145],"traversing":[42],"concrete":[43],"thick":[45,226],"walls.":[46],"Furthermore,":[47,154],"existing":[49],"methods":[53],"mainly":[54],"rely":[55],"on":[56],"collecting":[57],"gait":[58,66,124],"information":[59,67,103,116,125],"for":[60],"identification,":[61],"rendering":[62],"them":[63],"ineffective":[64],"not":[69],"accessible.":[70],"To":[71,210],"address":[72],"these":[73],"challenges,":[74],"we":[75,155],"propose":[76,156],"TRID,":[77],"ubiquitous":[79],"transmissive":[80,130],"reconfigurable":[81],"intelligent":[82],"surfaces":[83],"(RIS)":[84],"aided":[85],"motion-independent":[86,160,177],"through-wall":[87],"system.":[90,153],"TRID":[91,216,253],"can":[92,114,199],"recognize":[93],"human":[94,196],"identities":[95],"through":[96,225,239],"walls":[97,227],"only":[98],"using":[99,229],"channel":[101],"state":[102],"(CSI)":[104],"magnitude":[105],"measurements":[106],"of":[107,110,151,169,213,249,258],"pair":[109],"transceivers,":[111],"it":[113],"utilize":[115],"from":[117],"other":[118,269],"activities":[119,171],"identify":[121,173,201],"unavailable.":[127],"Specifically,":[128],"leveraging":[129],"RIS,":[131],"configuration":[133],"alternating":[134],"optimization":[135],"algorithm":[136],"utilized":[138],"assist":[140],"wall":[141],"penetration":[142],"enhance":[144],"quality,":[146],"thus":[147],"enhancing":[148],"performance":[150],"novel":[158],"robust":[159,195],"method,":[163],"which":[164,198,250],"leverages":[165],"deep":[166],"motion":[167],"patterns":[168],"various":[170,230],"enable":[176],"Finally,":[179],"lightweight":[181],"residual":[182],"convolution":[183],"attention":[184],"network":[185,192],"(LRCAN)":[186],"proposed":[188,234],"as":[189],"backbone":[191],"learn":[194],"information,":[197],"accurately":[200],"while":[203],"consuming":[204],"fewer":[205],"computational":[206],"storage":[208],"resources.":[209],"best":[212],"our":[214],"knowledge,":[215],"first":[219],"system":[220,235],"that":[221,252],"supports":[222],"by":[228],"activity":[231],"information.":[232],"The":[233],"extensively":[237],"validated":[238],"test":[240],"experiments":[241],"conducted":[242],"three":[244],"different":[245],"real-world":[246],"scenarios,":[247],"results":[248],"show":[251],"achieves":[254],"an":[255],"average":[256],"accuracy":[257],"96.9%":[259],"correctly":[261],"identifying":[262],"person":[264],"walking,":[266],"kicking,":[267],"movements.":[270]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00"}
