{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413104887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3597324","title":"SecretCharge: A Blockchain-Based and Privacy-Preserving Scheme for Payment Information of Intelligent Connected Vehicles","display_name":"SecretCharge: A Blockchain-Based and Privacy-Preserving Scheme for Payment Information of Intelligent Connected Vehicles","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413104887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3597324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3597324","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3597324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461419","display_name":"Na Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8687-8820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Na Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055621406","display_name":"Yaning Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1808-6350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaning Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100425107","display_name":"Jianwei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2965-3518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011916209","display_name":"Junsong Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2445-1987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junsong Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042776527","display_name":"Lunzhi Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9688-1062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154893126","display_name":"Guizhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02x1pa065","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154893126"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lunzhi Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154893126"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100461419"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.34326571,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"1","first_page":"1507","last_page":"1520"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.9315317869186401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.689659059047699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.6448733806610107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.5656720399856567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5577829480171204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5366377830505371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4637283682823181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4426875710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.37994328141212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13787272572517395}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.9315317869186401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.689659059047699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.6448733806610107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.5656720399856567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5577829480171204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5366377830505371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4637283682823181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4426875710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.37994328141212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13787272572517395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3597324","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3597324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560199719","https://openalex.org/W1574149717","https://openalex.org/W1576697148","https://openalex.org/W1588782201","https://openalex.org/W1851031742","https://openalex.org/W2043007983","https://openalex.org/W2134585683","https://openalex.org/W2135656098","https://openalex.org/W2145286644","https://openalex.org/W2163614799","https://openalex.org/W2286477783","https://openalex.org/W2344176906","https://openalex.org/W2496543269","https://openalex.org/W2913713113","https://openalex.org/W2914797198","https://openalex.org/W2949726555","https://openalex.org/W2955349104","https://openalex.org/W2962798563","https://openalex.org/W3004375621","https://openalex.org/W3004640641","https://openalex.org/W3008903182","https://openalex.org/W3043762149","https://openalex.org/W3080727287","https://openalex.org/W3116982270","https://openalex.org/W3130918512","https://openalex.org/W3136734347","https://openalex.org/W3157340262","https://openalex.org/W4200622876","https://openalex.org/W4205092462","https://openalex.org/W4286579597","https://openalex.org/W4394924531"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W3126939372","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W4304136894"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,22],"the":[1,24,44,52,57,88,104,119,127,145,155,170],"development":[2,26],"of":[3,27,48,54,59,90,93,122],"urban":[4],"transportation,":[5],"Intelligent":[6],"Connected":[7],"Vehicle":[8],"(ICV)":[9],"technology":[10],"has":[11,31],"become":[12],"a":[13,34,67,140],"key":[14,111],"force":[15],"in":[16,110,161,197],"promoting":[17],"intelligence,":[18],"sustainability,":[19],"and":[20,61,114,134,188],"efficiency.":[21],"particular,":[23],"rapid":[25],"electric":[28],"vehicles":[29],"(EVs)":[30],"led":[32],"to":[33,76],"growing":[35],"demand":[36],"for":[37,81,139,193],"charging.":[38],"However,":[39],"this":[40],"process":[41,166],"risks":[42],"exposing":[43],"private":[45,79],"payment":[46,71,83,120,195],"information":[47,80,121,146,196],"EV":[49,123],"users,":[50,124],"including":[51],"location":[53],"charging":[55],"stations,":[56],"moment":[58],"charging,":[60],"users'":[62,78],"identities.":[63],"Our":[64],"paper":[65],"proposes":[66],"blockchain-based":[68],"distributed":[69],"privacy-preserving":[70],"scheme":[72,101,133,176],"named":[73],"\u201cSecretCharge\u201d,":[74],"designed":[75],"protect":[77],"ICV":[82],"service":[84],"scenarios.":[85],"To":[86,117,153],"meet":[87],"demands":[89],"large-scale":[91],"applications":[92],"ICV,":[94],"we":[95,125,165],"propose":[96],"an":[97],"efficient":[98],"group":[99,131],"signature":[100,132],"based":[102],"on":[103,157,169,179],"ElGamal":[105],"signature,":[106],"achieving":[107,172,190],"high":[108],"efficiency":[109,187],"generation,":[112],"signing,":[113],"verification":[115],"algorithms.":[116],"conceal":[118],"sign":[126],"data":[128],"using":[129],"our":[130,175,185],"use":[135],"it":[136],"as":[137],"input":[138],"zero-knowledge":[141],"proof,":[142],"ensuring":[143],"that":[144],"can":[147],"be":[148],"verified":[149],"without":[150],"being":[151],"disclosed.":[152],"eliminate":[154],"dependence":[156],"third-party":[158],"billing":[159],"entities":[160],"traditional":[162],"centralized":[163],"schemes,":[164],"system":[167],"payments":[168],"blockchain,":[171],"decentralization.":[173],"Finally,":[174],"is":[177],"tested":[178],"Ethereum.":[180],"The":[181],"experimental":[182],"results":[183],"demonstrate":[184],"scheme's":[186],"usability,":[189],"privacy":[191],"protection":[192],"user":[194],"ICV.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-21T23:30:37.877113","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}