{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409916827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3565412","title":"Joint Beamforming for Multi-Target Detection and Multi-User Communication in ISAC Systems","display_name":"Joint Beamforming for Multi-Target Detection and Multi-User Communication in ISAC Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409916827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3565412"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3565412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3565412","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103028556","display_name":"Zongyao Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1540-2620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zongyao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100769919","display_name":"Zhenyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-2849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rui Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6275-1972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100774468","display_name":"Zhong\u2010Yi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0597-9054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongyi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiao-Ping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-0069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Ping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Ubiquitous Data Enabling Key Lab, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Ubiquitous Data Enabling Key Lab, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086721166","display_name":"Xinke Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5653-6096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinke Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108047157","display_name":"Yuhan Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-1787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103028556"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388","https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":51.0632,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99754566,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"9","first_page":"14938","last_page":"14942"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9702000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9664000272750854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7693866491317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.7134134769439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5650845170021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.41698282957077026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3777240216732025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.34936994314193726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3350242078304291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30808210372924805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7693866491317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.7134134769439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5650845170021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.41698282957077026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3777240216732025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.34936994314193726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3350242078304291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30808210372924805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3565412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3565412","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5365930406","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62388102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996215314","https://openalex.org/W2552096161","https://openalex.org/W2769776241","https://openalex.org/W2999272775","https://openalex.org/W3038047043","https://openalex.org/W3116483105","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3213070675","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4293573919","https://openalex.org/W4315630262","https://openalex.org/W4361801952","https://openalex.org/W4364302083","https://openalex.org/W4390534227","https://openalex.org/W4406353957","https://openalex.org/W4408324392"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2376244802","https://openalex.org/W1971477554","https://openalex.org/W2158075901","https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W2923631784","https://openalex.org/W2130785056","https://openalex.org/W2567141277","https://openalex.org/W2132841313","https://openalex.org/W2727286692"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detecting":[0],"weak":[1,35],"targets":[2,114],"is":[3,90],"one":[4],"of":[5,70,77,82,136],"the":[6,28,67,71,75,78,94,100,108,112,126,133,137],"main":[7],"challenges":[8],"for":[9,92],"integrated":[10],"sensing":[11,32],"and":[12,17,58],"communication":[13,18,29,146],"(ISAC)":[14],"systems.":[15,26],"Sensing":[16],"suffer":[19],"from":[20],"a":[21,54,62],"performance":[22],"trade-off":[23],"in":[24],"ISAC":[25],"As":[27],"demand":[30],"increases,":[31],"ability,":[33],"especially":[34],"target":[36,73,139],"detection":[37,68,120,134],"performance,":[38],"will":[39],"inevitably":[40],"reduce.":[41],"Traditional":[42],"approaches":[43,143],"fail":[44],"to":[45,65,98,116,141],"address":[46],"this":[47,50],"issue.":[48],"In":[49],"paper,":[51],"we":[52],"develop":[53],"joint":[55,101],"beamforming":[56,128],"scheme":[57,105,129],"formulate":[59],"it":[60],"as":[61],"max-min":[63],"problem":[64,97],"maximize":[66],"probability":[69,135],"weakest":[72,138],"under":[74],"constraint":[76],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[79],"ratio":[80],"(SINR)":[81],"multi-user":[83],"communication.":[84],"An":[85],"alternating":[86],"optimization":[87],"(AO)":[88],"algorithm":[89],"developed":[91],"solving":[93],"complicated":[95],"non-convex":[96],"obtain":[99],"beamformer.":[102],"The":[103],"proposed":[104,127],"can":[106,130],"direct":[107],"transmit":[109],"energy":[110],"toward":[111],"multiple":[113],"properly":[115],"ensure":[117],"robust":[118],"multi-target":[119],"performance.":[121,147],"Numerical":[122],"results":[123],"show":[124],"that":[125],"effectively":[131],"increase":[132],"compared":[140],"baseline":[142],"while":[144],"ensuring":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
