{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409761724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3563979","title":"2D-DOA Estimation for Polarized Massive Antenna Array: Geometric and Algorithmic Guidelines","display_name":"2D-DOA Estimation for Polarized Massive Antenna Array: Geometric and Algorithmic Guidelines","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409761724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3563979"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3563979","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3563979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025764540","display_name":"Fangqing Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-4326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161350542","display_name":"China Three Gorges University","ror":"https://ror.org/0419nfc77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fangqing Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vision Based Monitoring for Hydroelectric Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vision Based Monitoring for Hydroelectric Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452654","display_name":"Han Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7347-3763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200946902","display_name":"Yichun University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h4th693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200946902"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Physical Sciences and Engineering Technology, Yichun University, Yichun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Physical Sciences and Engineering Technology, Yichun University, Yichun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200946902"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027367677","display_name":"Guan Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guan Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060020877","display_name":"Chau Yuen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-2120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chau Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087599025","display_name":"Hikmet Sari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8114-6164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hikmet Sari","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011281064","display_name":"Fumiyuki Adachi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5416-0718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fumiyuki Adachi","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025764540"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.3287,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97324195,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"9","first_page":"14207","last_page":"14219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11851","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.533616304397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4850672781467438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45702242851257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.41690492630004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3202219009399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.317762553691864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2998668849468231}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.533616304397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4850672781467438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45702242851257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41690492630004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3202219009399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.317762553691864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2998668849468231}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3563979","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3563979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971511219","https://openalex.org/W1981876595","https://openalex.org/W1985936705","https://openalex.org/W1997222146","https://openalex.org/W2024165284","https://openalex.org/W2057532470","https://openalex.org/W2077584999","https://openalex.org/W2096638964","https://openalex.org/W2101601786","https://openalex.org/W2102005989","https://openalex.org/W2116414176","https://openalex.org/W2118631481","https://openalex.org/W2120998230","https://openalex.org/W2125063853","https://openalex.org/W2140959322","https://openalex.org/W2170400088","https://openalex.org/W2171812005","https://openalex.org/W2469230926","https://openalex.org/W2523418172","https://openalex.org/W2592693527","https://openalex.org/W2596829020","https://openalex.org/W2742426150","https://openalex.org/W2752272942","https://openalex.org/W2755203940","https://openalex.org/W2796463481","https://openalex.org/W2800229517","https://openalex.org/W2808762906","https://openalex.org/W2889832685","https://openalex.org/W2944453148","https://openalex.org/W2944587809","https://openalex.org/W2972377050","https://openalex.org/W3021908544","https://openalex.org/W3028395677","https://openalex.org/W3034684144","https://openalex.org/W3041708486","https://openalex.org/W3120384044","https://openalex.org/W3126524046","https://openalex.org/W3133732967","https://openalex.org/W3190966103","https://openalex.org/W3199414540","https://openalex.org/W3210584818","https://openalex.org/W4206866472","https://openalex.org/W4229972328","https://openalex.org/W4288064738","https://openalex.org/W4292259512","https://openalex.org/W4292825899","https://openalex.org/W4296873000","https://openalex.org/W4312295940","https://openalex.org/W4312620338","https://openalex.org/W4313257227","https://openalex.org/W4323896826","https://openalex.org/W4367146529","https://openalex.org/W4384519065","https://openalex.org/W4385151654","https://openalex.org/W4390806957","https://openalex.org/W4395032742","https://openalex.org/W4399409956","https://openalex.org/W4406946957","https://openalex.org/W4408016861"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2053286651","https://openalex.org/W2181743346","https://openalex.org/W2187401768","https://openalex.org/W2181413294","https://openalex.org/W2400319883","https://openalex.org/W3110694720","https://openalex.org/W2036271115","https://openalex.org/W2585623765"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,123],"utilization":[1],"of":[2,21,34,107,154],"an":[3,42],"Electromagnetic":[4],"Vector":[5],"Sensor":[6],"(EMVS)":[7],"array":[8,66,77,110,121,157],"presents":[9],"valuable":[10],"insights":[11],"in":[12,120,141],"wireless":[13],"communications":[14],"and":[15,24,56,159],"radars":[16],"by":[17,70],"incorporating":[18],"the":[19,32,36,48,54,71,85,105,108,116,151,155],"advantages":[20,153],"spatial,":[22],"temporal,":[23],"polarization":[25],"diversities.":[26],"This":[27],"study":[28],"focuses":[29],"on":[30,115],"addressing":[31],"problem":[33],"estimating":[35,53],"Two-Dimensional":[37],"(2D)":[38],"Direction-of-Arrival":[39],"(DOA)":[40],"for":[41,52,65,133],"arbitrarily":[43],"spaced":[44],"EMVS":[45,76,88],"array.":[46,89],"Firstly,":[47],"Cramer-Rao":[49],"Bounds":[50],"(CRB)":[51],"2D-DOA":[55,142],"polarized":[57],"parameters":[58],"are":[59],"derived,":[60],"which":[61],"provides":[62,129],"design":[63],"guideline":[64],"geometry.":[67],"As":[68],"suggested":[69],"CRB,":[72],"a":[73,79,91,130],"sparse":[74],"planar":[75],"is":[78,99],"more":[80],"appealing":[81],"choice":[82],"compared":[83,144],"to":[84,102,145],"popular":[86],"coprime":[87],"Thereafter,":[90],"Parallel":[92],"Factor":[93],"(PARAFAC)-based":[94],"weighted":[95],"phase":[96],"fitting":[97],"algorithm":[98,126],"presented,":[100],"designed":[101],"fully":[103],"explore":[104],"aperture":[106],"conformal":[109,134],"as":[111,113],"well":[112],"capitalize":[114],"tensorial":[117],"structure":[118],"inherent":[119],"data.":[122],"proposed":[124,156],"PARAFAC":[125,160],"not":[127],"only":[128],"closed-form":[131],"solution":[132],"arrays":[135],"but":[136],"also":[137],"exhibits":[138],"superior":[139],"accuracy":[140],"estimation":[143],"existing":[146],"approaches.":[147],"Numerical":[148],"results":[149],"corroborate":[150],"theoretical":[152],"geometry":[158],"algorithm.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}