{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408858467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3554439","title":"Learning-Based Constellation Design for Uplink Bi-Static Integrated Sensing and Communication","display_name":"Learning-Based Constellation Design for Uplink Bi-Static Integrated Sensing and Communication","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408858467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3554439"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3554439","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3554439","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117357810","display_name":"Jiaming Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiaming Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047685449","display_name":"Kawon Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7058-8562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kawon Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071255510","display_name":"Jiang Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9015-1731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lai Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035450741","display_name":"Kaitao Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-2280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaitao Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100371038","display_name":"Fan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5299-9317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030334551","display_name":"Christos Masouros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8259-6615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Masouros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5117357810"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4222,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81015767,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"8","first_page":"13219","last_page":"13224"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.972000002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.972000002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9189000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constellation","display_name":"Constellation","score":0.8303362131118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.8059374094009399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5430495142936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4549533724784851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.4310510754585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3546355962753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.34373921155929565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.13102784752845764}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70352696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8928","display_name":"Constellation","level":2,"score":0.8303362131118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.8059374094009399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5430495142936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4549533724784851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.4310510754585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3546355962753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34373921155929565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.13102784752845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3554439","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3554439","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/c3320d70-6937-462e-92fc-f962b1e9f70b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/c3320d70-6937-462e-92fc-f962b1e9f70b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hu, J, Han, K, Jiang, L, Meng, K, Liu, F & Masouros, C 2025, 'Learning-Based Constellation Design for Uplink Bi-Static Integrated Sensing and Communication', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2025.3554439","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10207843","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10207843/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology       (2025)     (In press).","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2110798624","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2897198085","https://openalex.org/W3044197200","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W4293812059","https://openalex.org/W4372338368","https://openalex.org/W4379983385","https://openalex.org/W4397026137","https://openalex.org/W4400578730","https://openalex.org/W4402436187","https://openalex.org/W4402742423","https://openalex.org/W4403635735","https://openalex.org/W4403722493"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548963335","https://openalex.org/W2159941915","https://openalex.org/W1995129237","https://openalex.org/W4388081250","https://openalex.org/W2909457694","https://openalex.org/W1761601995","https://openalex.org/W1836774208","https://openalex.org/W64102529","https://openalex.org/W2350659615","https://openalex.org/W4241763859"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"an":[3,27],"end-to-end":[4],"deep":[5],"learning":[6],"based":[7],"constellation":[8,35,59,90,112],"design":[9,60,87,113],"for":[10,16],"integrated":[11],"sensing":[12,44,107],"and":[13,33,43,95],"communication":[14,42],"(ISAC)":[15],"the":[17,30,39,73,104,110],"uplink":[18],"of":[19,124],"orthogonal":[20],"frequency":[21],"division":[22],"multiplexing":[23],"(OFDM)":[24],"systems.":[25],"Utilizing":[26],"auto-encoder":[28],"architecture,":[29],"system":[31],"designs":[32],"optimizes":[34],"mappings":[36],"to":[37,63,65,126],"balance":[38],"trade-off":[40],"between":[41],"performance":[45,116],"under":[46,118],"a":[47,78],"bi-static":[48],"scenario":[49],"where":[50],"receiver":[51],"has":[52],"no":[53],"knowledge":[54],"about":[55],"transmitted":[56],"signals.":[57],"The":[58],"is":[61],"trained":[62],"adapt":[64],"specific":[66],"channel":[67,119],"conditions,":[68],"offering":[69],"flexible":[70],"control":[71],"over":[72],"communication-sensing":[74],"performances":[75],"by":[76],"adjusting":[77],"radar":[79],"weighting":[80],"factor.":[81],"Simulation":[82],"results":[83],"show":[84],"that":[85],"this":[86],"outperforms":[88],"conventional":[89],"formats":[91],"such":[92],"as":[93],"64-QAM":[94,105],"64-PSK":[96],"in":[97,106],"symbol":[98],"error":[99],"rate":[100],"(SER),":[101],"while":[102],"outperforming":[103],"error.":[108],"Furthermore,":[109],"proposed":[111],"demonstrates":[114],"robust":[115],"even":[117],"state":[120],"information":[121],"(CSI)":[122],"errors":[123],"up":[125],"1.5%.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}