{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408399475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3550258","title":"Flag Sequence Set Design for Low-Complexity Delay-Doppler Estimation","display_name":"Flag Sequence Set Design for Low-Complexity Delay-Doppler Estimation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408399475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3550258"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3550258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3550258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108994865","display_name":"Lingsheng Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5271-3744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingsheng Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5271-3744","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100763983","display_name":"Yong Liang Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9757-630X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Liang Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9757-630X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101940772","display_name":"Yao Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-2051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Continental-NTU Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-2051","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Continental-NTU Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100629531","display_name":"Zilong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5851-4261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","display_name":"University of Essex","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkf1q06","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zilong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5851-4261","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8487,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96815761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"8","first_page":"12131","last_page":"12147"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9682999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.914900004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.6221224069595337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-effect","display_name":"Doppler effect","score":0.5614235401153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5319842100143433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5124009251594543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.505064070224762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.4509737193584442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4179359972476959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30330461263656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20068278908729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.14411014318466187}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6221224069595337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.5614235401153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5319842100143433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5124009251594543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.505064070224762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.4509737193584442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4179359972476959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30330461263656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20068278908729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.14411014318466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3550258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3550258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.essex.ac.uk:40517","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2025.3550258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401236","display_name":"Open Access at Essex (University of Essex)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","host_organization_name":"University of Essex","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/218417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/218417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559261959","https://openalex.org/W1967790992","https://openalex.org/W1971903277","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W1998454576","https://openalex.org/W2001646739","https://openalex.org/W2006296282","https://openalex.org/W2008019282","https://openalex.org/W2047471274","https://openalex.org/W2076918367","https://openalex.org/W2109907460","https://openalex.org/W2125930644","https://openalex.org/W2168499928","https://openalex.org/W2169500239","https://openalex.org/W2246376725","https://openalex.org/W2412591190","https://openalex.org/W2553821778","https://openalex.org/W2590141315","https://openalex.org/W2611118235","https://openalex.org/W2883596242","https://openalex.org/W2953789273","https://openalex.org/W2964202652","https://openalex.org/W2967138144","https://openalex.org/W2971738358","https://openalex.org/W3007818106","https://openalex.org/W3034406797","https://openalex.org/W3084284684","https://openalex.org/W3089706104","https://openalex.org/W3134394771","https://openalex.org/W3197383802","https://openalex.org/W3211151174","https://openalex.org/W3214857570","https://openalex.org/W4205424767","https://openalex.org/W4214895146","https://openalex.org/W4225563555","https://openalex.org/W4253010537","https://openalex.org/W4294811717","https://openalex.org/W4312763156","https://openalex.org/W4323345732","https://openalex.org/W4390187627","https://openalex.org/W4407638736"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371035601","https://openalex.org/W2087980740","https://openalex.org/W2085080199","https://openalex.org/W4361195739","https://openalex.org/W2112284452","https://openalex.org/W2155053191","https://openalex.org/W2217787264","https://openalex.org/W2132971779","https://openalex.org/W2152844235","https://openalex.org/W2376454312"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"studies":[2],"<italic":[3,15,60,66,95],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[4,16,61,67,96],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Flag":[5],"sequences</i>":[6],"for":[7],"low-complexity":[8],"delay-Doppler":[9,104],"estimation":[10],"by":[11],"exploiting":[12],"their":[13],"distinctive":[14],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">peak-curtain</i>":[17],"ambiguity":[18],"functions":[19],"(AFs).":[20],"Unlike":[21],"the":[22,73,103,120,128,142,152,170,179,188,193],"existing":[23,171],"Flag":[24,40,55,129,144,159,172,176,180],"sequence":[25,41,56,78,91,111,130],"designs":[26],"that":[27,156,186],"are":[28,116,137],"limited":[29],"to":[30,38,88,118,139,162],"prime":[31],"lengths":[32,45],"and":[33,51,64,99,146,165,192],"periodic":[34],"auto-AFs,":[35],"we":[36,70],"aim":[37],"design":[39,75,85],"sets":[42,79,92],"of":[43,58,76,80,106,127],"arbitrary":[44,81],"with":[46,93,169],"low":[47],"(nontrivial)":[48],"periodic/aperiodic":[49],"auto-":[50],"cross-AFs.":[52],"Since":[53],"every":[54],"consists":[57],"a":[59,65],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Curtain":[62],"sequence</i>":[63],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Peak":[68],"sequence</i>,":[69],"first":[71],"investigate":[72],"algebraic":[74],"Curtain":[77,90,110],"lengths.":[82],"Our":[83],"proposed":[84,138,158],"gives":[86],"rise":[87],"novel":[89],"ideal":[94],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">curtain</i>":[97],"auto-AFs":[98],"zero/near-zero":[100],"cross-AFs":[101],"within":[102],"zone":[105],"operation.":[107],"Leveraging":[108],"these":[109],"sets,":[112],"two":[113],"optimization":[114],"problems":[115],"formulated":[117],"minimize":[119],"weighted":[121],"integrated":[122],"masked":[123],"sidelobe":[124],"level":[125],"(WImSL)":[126],"set.":[131],"Accelerated":[132],"parallel":[133],"partially":[134],"majorization-minimization":[135],"algorithms":[136],"jointly":[140],"optimize":[141],"transmit":[143],"sequences":[145,149,160,177],"symmetric/asymmetric":[147],"reference":[148],"stored":[150],"in":[151],"receiver.":[153],"Simulations":[154],"demonstrate":[155],"our":[157,175],"lead":[161],"improved":[163],"WImSL":[164],"peak-to-max-masked-sidelobe":[166],"ratio":[167],"compared":[168],"sequences.":[173],"Additionally,":[174],"under":[178],"method":[181],"exhibit":[182],"Mean":[183],"Squared":[184],"Errors":[185],"approach":[187],"Cram\u00e9r-Rao":[189],"lower":[190],"bound":[191,195],"sampling":[194],"at":[196],"high":[197],"signal-to-noise":[198],"power":[199],"ratios.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
