{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407691125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3543140","title":"Real-Time Localization Based on MIMO Backscattering From Retro-Directive Antenna Arrays","display_name":"Real-Time Localization Based on MIMO Backscattering From Retro-Directive Antenna Arrays","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407691125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3543140"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3543140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3543140","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3543140","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048014831","display_name":"Marina Lotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6574-1067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098188","display_name":"Laboratori Guglielmo Marconi (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3vad87","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098188"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marina Lotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, and WiLab-CNIT, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6574-1067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098188"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, and WiLab-CNIT, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000486622","display_name":"Nicol\u00f2 Decarli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0359-8808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100607","display_name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00n4jbh84","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicol\u00f2 Decarli","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Council - Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (CNR-IEIIT), Torino, Italy","National Research Council, Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (CNR-IEIIT), Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0359-8808","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council - Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (CNR-IEIIT), Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council, Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (CNR-IEIIT), Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083637183","display_name":"Gianni Pasolini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2508-6790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098188","display_name":"Laboratori Guglielmo Marconi (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3vad87","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098188"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianni Pasolini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, and WiLab-CNIT, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2508-6790","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098188"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, and WiLab-CNIT, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064176463","display_name":"Davide Dardari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5994-1310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098188","display_name":"Laboratori Guglielmo Marconi (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3vad87","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098188"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Dardari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, and WiLab-CNIT, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5994-1310","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098188"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell&#x0027;Energia Elettrica e dell&#x0027;Informazione &#x201C;Guglielmo Marconi&#x201D; (DEI), University of Bologna, and WiLab-CNIT, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048014831"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098188","https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6531,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66827323,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"7","first_page":"10422","last_page":"10438"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6421335935592651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.523729145526886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.45610836148262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.412314772605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.36430105566978455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.31789863109588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30761411786079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.0845508873462677}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6421335935592651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.523729145526886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45610836148262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.412314772605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.36430105566978455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.31789863109588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30761411786079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.0845508873462677}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3543140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3543140","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/1018227","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10891960","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3543140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3543140","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965665622","https://openalex.org/W1987508110","https://openalex.org/W2028082528","https://openalex.org/W2032262780","https://openalex.org/W2057774111","https://openalex.org/W2096358998","https://openalex.org/W2099873717","https://openalex.org/W2102787460","https://openalex.org/W2113046680","https://openalex.org/W2124076324","https://openalex.org/W2135073102","https://openalex.org/W2150064640","https://openalex.org/W2264879767","https://openalex.org/W2328464014","https://openalex.org/W2613800419","https://openalex.org/W2761303039","https://openalex.org/W2765955268","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2885650352","https://openalex.org/W2889788216","https://openalex.org/W2892785988","https://openalex.org/W2902083303","https://openalex.org/W2981615102","https://openalex.org/W3014152962","https://openalex.org/W3016373553","https://openalex.org/W3033316770","https://openalex.org/W3034968889","https://openalex.org/W3041450451","https://openalex.org/W3112362538","https://openalex.org/W3121523871","https://openalex.org/W3126380805","https://openalex.org/W3133945977","https://openalex.org/W3139539396","https://openalex.org/W3148976827","https://openalex.org/W3209251988","https://openalex.org/W3209967401","https://openalex.org/W4313001863","https://openalex.org/W4313213993","https://openalex.org/W4382468392","https://openalex.org/W4387448527","https://openalex.org/W4401452468","https://openalex.org/W4401507875","https://openalex.org/W4402350818","https://openalex.org/W4405974755","https://openalex.org/W6678250200","https://openalex.org/W6968785098"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2545343974","https://openalex.org/W4291895924","https://openalex.org/W1783583321","https://openalex.org/W2038397443","https://openalex.org/W2941374357","https://openalex.org/W2112785353","https://openalex.org/W2026727497","https://openalex.org/W2164866798","https://openalex.org/W1976502299","https://openalex.org/W4214657533"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Precise":[0],"localization":[1,72,121,159],"is":[2,145],"essential":[3],"for":[4,24,65,129],"enabling":[5],"advanced":[6],"applications":[7],"in":[8,35,110],"dynamic":[9],"environments,":[10],"such":[11],"as":[12],"autonomous":[13],"systems":[14],"and":[15,32,63,73,79,137,142],"mobile":[16],"robotics.":[17],"As":[18],"automation":[19],"technologies":[20],"evolve,":[21],"the":[22,45,102,106,151],"requirements":[23],"higher":[25],"accuracy,":[26],"reliability,":[27],"energy":[28],"efficiency,":[29],"rapid":[30],"updates,":[31],"minimal":[33],"latency":[34],"position":[36],"estimation":[37,82],"have":[38],"intensified.":[39],"In":[40],"this":[41],"paper,":[42],"we":[43],"propose":[44],"exploitation":[46],"of":[47,68,153],"backscattering":[48],"from":[49,87],"retro-directive":[50],"antenna":[51],"arrays":[52],"(RAAs)":[53],"to":[54,94],"address":[55],"these":[56,154],"imperatives.":[57],"Two":[58],"RAA-based":[59],"architectures":[60,76],"are":[61,140],"introduced":[62],"evaluated":[64],"a":[66],"range":[67],"applications,":[69],"including":[70],"network":[71],"navigation.":[74],"These":[75],"enable":[77],"swift":[78],"simple":[80],"angle-of-arrival":[81],"by":[83,105],"using":[84],"signals":[85],"backscattered":[86],"RAAs.":[88],"They":[89],"also":[90],"leverage":[91],"multiple":[92],"antennas":[93],"capitalize":[95],"on":[96],"multiple-input-multiple-output":[97],"(MIMO)":[98],"gains,":[99],"thereby":[100],"addressing":[101],"challenges":[103],"posed":[104],"inherent":[107],"path":[108],"loss":[109],"backscatter":[111],"communication,":[112],"particularly":[113],"at":[114],"high":[115],"frequencies.":[116],"This":[117],"approach":[118],"enables":[119],"angle-based":[120],"with":[122,160],"remarkably":[123],"low":[124],"latency,":[125],"making":[126],"it":[127],"suitable":[128],"vehicular":[130],"applications.":[131],"To":[132],"achieve":[133],"this,":[134],"ad-hoc":[135],"signaling":[136],"processing":[138],"schemes":[139],"developed":[141],"their":[143],"performance":[144],"analytically":[146],"assessed.":[147],"Numerical":[148],"results":[149],"highlight":[150],"potential":[152],"schemes,":[155],"delivering":[156],"precise,":[157],"ultra-low-latency":[158],"low-complexity,":[161],"energy-efficient":[162],"devices.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T23:12:01.093139","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
