{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407213459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3539446","title":"An Anytime Trajectory Optimizer for Accurately Parking an Autonomous Vehicle in Tiny Spaces","display_name":"An Anytime Trajectory Optimizer for Accurately Parking an Autonomous Vehicle in Tiny Spaces","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407213459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3539446"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3539446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3539446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100373745","display_name":"Xiaohong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9797-8384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoming Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101550428","display_name":"Yueshuo Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8874-0987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueshuo Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078514672","display_name":"Tantan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7515-7561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tantan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055535729","display_name":"Xinwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2791-0170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Mechanics, State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Mechanics, State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035747484","display_name":"S. L. Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-7653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153068","display_name":"Dongfeng Motor Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/055ar4y96","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153068"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158664","display_name":"Dongfeng Motor (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/049j15k39","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158664"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengjian Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongfeng USharing Technology Company, Ltd., Wuhan, China","Dongfeng USharing Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongfeng USharing Technology Company, Ltd., Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153068","https://openalex.org/I4210158664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongfeng USharing Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153068"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045038660","display_name":"Kai Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2960-4641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153068","display_name":"Dongfeng Motor Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/055ar4y96","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153068"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158664","display_name":"Dongfeng Motor (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/049j15k39","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158664"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dongfeng USharing Technology Company, Ltd., Wuhan, China","Dongfeng USharing Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongfeng USharing Technology Company, Ltd., Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153068","https://openalex.org/I4210158664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dongfeng USharing Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153068"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100373745"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5419,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87469786,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"6","first_page":"8772","last_page":"8783"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.7371317148208618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47525402903556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3837202191352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.35461509227752686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1414870023727417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.7371317148208618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47525402903556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3837202191352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.35461509227752686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1414870023727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3539446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3539446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8242381588","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62103139","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570402058","https://openalex.org/W1592601589","https://openalex.org/W1761148167","https://openalex.org/W1996183429","https://openalex.org/W2008929839","https://openalex.org/W2027311349","https://openalex.org/W2108001795","https://openalex.org/W2112271657","https://openalex.org/W2123871098","https://openalex.org/W2131286638","https://openalex.org/W2296385533","https://openalex.org/W2343568200","https://openalex.org/W2345973286","https://openalex.org/W2604197911","https://openalex.org/W2895830705","https://openalex.org/W2902210411","https://openalex.org/W2902241648","https://openalex.org/W2909577451","https://openalex.org/W2911846823","https://openalex.org/W2972751607","https://openalex.org/W3015470607","https://openalex.org/W3083764925","https://openalex.org/W3186732510","https://openalex.org/W3198919602","https://openalex.org/W4226078411","https://openalex.org/W4226335358","https://openalex.org/W4232598359","https://openalex.org/W4285108207","https://openalex.org/W4312811723","https://openalex.org/W4312819583","https://openalex.org/W4313039234","https://openalex.org/W4321174282","https://openalex.org/W4384787430","https://openalex.org/W4389076529","https://openalex.org/W4391929679","https://openalex.org/W6606011981","https://openalex.org/W6684095664"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4323768008"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Parking":[0],"in":[1,50,80,149],"tiny":[2,51,81,140],"and":[3,27,53,93,122,139,166],"cluttered":[4,83,137],"slots":[5,142],"is":[6],"a":[7,20,94,115],"critical":[8],"challenge":[9],"for":[10,24,74],"automated":[11],"parking":[12,76,141],"systems,":[13],"where":[14,143],"the":[15,107,110,129,161],"planning":[16],"module":[17],"serves":[18],"as":[19,38],"core":[21],"component":[22],"responsible":[23],"generating":[25,41],"collision-free":[26],"kinematically":[28],"feasible":[29],"trajectories.":[30],"However,":[31],"existing":[32],"methods":[33],"face":[34],"significant":[35],"limitations,":[36],"such":[37],"geometric-based":[39],"approaches":[40],"paths":[42],"rather":[43],"than":[44],"trajectories,":[45],"mass":[46],"point":[47],"models":[48,55],"failing":[49],"berths,":[52],"full-dimensional":[54],"with":[56,84],"large-scale":[57],"constraints":[58,92,121],"lead":[59],"to":[60,98,112,114,160],"time-intensive":[61],"computations.":[62],"To":[63],"address":[64],"these":[65],"issues,":[66],"this":[67],"paper":[68],"proposes":[69],"an":[70,77],"anytime":[71],"trajectory":[72],"optimizer":[73,111],"accurately":[75],"autonomous":[78],"vehicle":[79],"spaces":[82],"obstacles.":[85],"The":[86],"proposed":[87,130],"method":[88,131],"incorporates":[89],"differentiable":[90],"collision-avoidance":[91],"trust":[95],"region":[96],"strategy":[97],"improve":[99],"computational":[100],"efficiency.":[101],"It":[102,154],"can":[103],"also":[104],"iteratively":[105],"refine":[106],"solution,":[108],"enabling":[109],"converge":[113],"new":[116,124],"minimum":[117],"by":[118,157],"breaking":[119],"previous":[120],"establishing":[123],"ones.":[125],"Extensive":[126],"simulations":[127],"show":[128],"outperforms":[132],"mainstream":[133],"planners,":[134],"effectively":[135],"handling":[136],"environments":[138],"others":[144],"fail,":[145],"or":[146],"outperforming":[147],"them":[148],"speed":[150],"when":[151],"they":[152],"succeed.":[153],"reduces":[155],"runtime":[156],"90.19%":[158],"compared":[159],"baseline,":[162],"while":[163],"ensuring":[164],"feasibility":[165],"continuous":[167],"optimization.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-31T07:56:22.981413","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}