{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407168755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3531502","title":"Joint Task Migration and Resource Allocation in Vehicular Edge Computing: A Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Approach","display_name":"Joint Task Migration and Resource Allocation in Vehicular Edge Computing: A Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Approach","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407168755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3531502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3531502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3531502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007350425","display_name":"Quyuan Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2948-3491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quyuan Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Information Coding and Transmission, CSNMT Int Coop. Res. Centre, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2948-3491","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Coding and Transmission, CSNMT Int Coop. Res. Centre, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060266460","display_name":"Jiyun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0961-1084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiyun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Information Coding and Transmission, CSNMT Int Coop. Res. Centre, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0961-1084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Coding and Transmission, CSNMT Int Coop. Res. Centre, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023182670","display_name":"Shihong Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1715-6226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shihong Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1715-6226","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040978564","display_name":"Tom H. Luan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-7443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom H. Luan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-7443","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101880047","display_name":"Pingzhi Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-6251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pingzhi Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Information Coding and Transmission, CSNMT Int Coop. Res. Centre, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-6251","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Coding and Transmission, CSNMT Int Coop. Res. Centre, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.7565,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96976747,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"6","first_page":"9476","last_page":"9490"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9506000280380249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9506000280380249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9409000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7221338748931885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.6827422976493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.653536856174469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.609757661819458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.5782290697097778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.5450454354286194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.4947811961174011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4865990877151489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.46744975447654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.41565123200416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3303402066230774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2601046860218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.13940194249153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.11233258247375488}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7221338748931885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.6827422976493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.653536856174469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.609757661819458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.5782290697097778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5450454354286194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.4947811961174011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4865990877151489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.46744975447654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.41565123200416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3303402066230774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2601046860218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.13940194249153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.11233258247375488}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3531502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3531502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1041377946","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XJ2024002002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1481524095","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62361136810","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1712528947","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101463","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2305141385","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171352","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2667845580","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202140","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6018493712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62020106001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2761862361","https://openalex.org/W2800992211","https://openalex.org/W2801273298","https://openalex.org/W2896883851","https://openalex.org/W2898035736","https://openalex.org/W2916106301","https://openalex.org/W2916889275","https://openalex.org/W2921018545","https://openalex.org/W2952108774","https://openalex.org/W2954039338","https://openalex.org/W2962213922","https://openalex.org/W2968052242","https://openalex.org/W2979897999","https://openalex.org/W2989463999","https://openalex.org/W3003577920","https://openalex.org/W3004417498","https://openalex.org/W3005620403","https://openalex.org/W3010178570","https://openalex.org/W3011576217","https://openalex.org/W3013810395","https://openalex.org/W3014364938","https://openalex.org/W3015627896","https://openalex.org/W3025171141","https://openalex.org/W3035788210","https://openalex.org/W3037422413","https://openalex.org/W3041497362","https://openalex.org/W3080609575","https://openalex.org/W3082989441","https://openalex.org/W3088569931","https://openalex.org/W3112138107","https://openalex.org/W3129688010","https://openalex.org/W3134357852","https://openalex.org/W3168863497","https://openalex.org/W3174997142","https://openalex.org/W3198581335","https://openalex.org/W3203417629","https://openalex.org/W3204496228","https://openalex.org/W3212172638","https://openalex.org/W3216120695","https://openalex.org/W4206176461","https://openalex.org/W4213456346","https://openalex.org/W4221058981","https://openalex.org/W4280621670","https://openalex.org/W4285064947","https://openalex.org/W4285507608","https://openalex.org/W4285820401","https://openalex.org/W4293428462","https://openalex.org/W4312943725","https://openalex.org/W4316042033","https://openalex.org/W4361802473","https://openalex.org/W4399025869","https://openalex.org/W4399665748"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4324372666","https://openalex.org/W4225706866","https://openalex.org/W2914646191","https://openalex.org/W3023564924","https://openalex.org/W2942586735","https://openalex.org/W2923452570","https://openalex.org/W206598027","https://openalex.org/W2978610750","https://openalex.org/W2022931285","https://openalex.org/W1589966275"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,4,20,52,61,69,87,93,119,147,172,197,202,208],"rise":[2],"of":[3,6,12,56,64,71,90,207],"Internet":[5],"Vehicles":[7],"(IoV),":[8],"a":[9,38,79,125,135],"growing":[10],"number":[11],"in-vehicle":[13],"applications":[14],"have":[15],"been":[16],"developed,":[17],"significantly":[18],"enhancing":[19,201],"driving":[21],"experience,":[22],"while":[23,155],"simultaneously":[24],"imposing":[25],"excessive":[26],"higher":[27],"demands":[28,70],"on":[29,109,167,178],"computing":[30,54],"resources.":[31],"Vehicle":[32],"Edge":[33],"Computing":[34],"(VEC)":[35],"emerges":[36],"as":[37,124],"promising":[39],"solution":[40],"by":[41],"offloading":[42,82,162],"computational":[43],"tasks":[44,91,103],"to":[45,66,117,150,159,194],"edge":[46,58,98,173],"servers":[47,59],"positioned":[48],"near":[49],"vehicles.":[50,73,182],"However,":[51],"limited":[53],"capacity":[55],"these":[57],"necessitates":[60],"efficient":[62],"allocation":[63,153,210],"resources":[65,100],"adequately":[67],"meet":[68],"all":[72],"In":[74],"this":[75,110],"paper,":[76],"we":[77,112,133,184],"introduce":[78],"multi-vehicle":[80],"VEC":[81],"framework":[83],"that":[84],"considers":[85],"both":[86],"execution":[88],"time":[89],"and":[92,101,139,171,205],"costs":[94],"incurred":[95],"when":[96],"utilizing":[97],"server":[99],"transmitting":[102],"between":[104],"Roadside":[105],"Units":[106],"(RSUs).":[107],"Building":[108],"framework,":[111],"design":[113],"an":[114,186],"optimization":[115],"problem":[116],"minimize":[118,196],"average":[120,198],"weighted":[121,199],"cost,":[122,200],"modeled":[123],"Markov":[126],"Decision":[127,141],"Process":[128],"(MDP).":[129],"To":[130],"address":[131],"this,":[132],"propose":[134,185],"DDPG-based":[136],"Resource":[137],"Allocation":[138],"Offloading":[140,189],"Algorithm":[142,192],"(DRAODA).":[143],"This":[144],"algorithm":[145],"enables":[146],"control":[148],"center":[149],"generate":[151],"resource":[152,209],"strategies":[154],"allowing":[156],"individual":[157],"vehicles":[158],"make":[160],"task":[161],"decisions":[163],"independently,":[164],"based":[165],"solely":[166],"their":[168],"own":[169],"data":[170],"server's":[174],"status,":[175],"without":[176],"relying":[177],"information":[179],"from":[180],"other":[181],"Additionally,":[183],"Optimal":[187],"Task":[188],"Destination":[190],"Selection":[191],"(OTODSA)":[193],"further":[195],"overall":[203],"efficiency":[204],"effectiveness":[206],"process.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
