{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406522513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3531352","title":"Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Fixed-Time Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Steer-by-Wire System With Dual-Three-Phase PMSM","display_name":"Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Fixed-Time Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Steer-by-Wire System With Dual-Three-Phase PMSM","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406522513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3531352"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3531352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3531352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100369995","display_name":"Xiangyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-639X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-639X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lei Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2241-6757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2241-6757","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090976909","display_name":"Yang Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5261-2170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5261-2170","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045900743","display_name":"Yicai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5181-2947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yicai Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5181-2947","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100441194","display_name":"Liang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1577-408X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1577-408X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3706,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96724309,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"5","first_page":"7554","last_page":"7564"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14011","display_name":"Elevator Systems and Control","score":0.9735000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14474","display_name":"Industrial Technology and Control Systems","score":0.9207000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7846958637237549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.5984879732131958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sliding-mode-control","display_name":"Sliding mode control","score":0.5691065192222595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5401701927185059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-mode","display_name":"Dual mode","score":0.495760053396225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.4653260409832001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.45946502685546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.44879594445228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-control","display_name":"Adaptive control","score":0.42904433608055115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3874664604663849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.38302406668663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37854886054992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3217521607875824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.2563669979572296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15137013792991638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.11181992292404175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7846958637237549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.5984879732131958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36662352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6008560","display_name":"Sliding mode control","level":3,"score":0.5691065192222595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5401701927185059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019325349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3874753","display_name":"Dual mode","level":2,"score":0.495760053396225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4653260409832001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.45946502685546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.44879594445228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.42904433608055115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3874664604663849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.38302406668663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37854886054992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3217521607875824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2563669979572296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15137013792991638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.11181992292404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3531352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3531352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5442087364","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022CXPT025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","funder_display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7469177027","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"524B2159","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550969235","https://openalex.org/W1988837728","https://openalex.org/W1994951210","https://openalex.org/W2015113370","https://openalex.org/W2028510524","https://openalex.org/W2060446060","https://openalex.org/W2084279695","https://openalex.org/W2092991598","https://openalex.org/W2345699695","https://openalex.org/W2582846133","https://openalex.org/W2771049232","https://openalex.org/W2889286696","https://openalex.org/W2979788123","https://openalex.org/W2980195071","https://openalex.org/W3000471666","https://openalex.org/W3026974127","https://openalex.org/W3036357000","https://openalex.org/W3082186174","https://openalex.org/W3094717166","https://openalex.org/W3094889801","https://openalex.org/W3148511788","https://openalex.org/W3173879712","https://openalex.org/W3199196168","https://openalex.org/W3212993431","https://openalex.org/W4210710597","https://openalex.org/W4293795225","https://openalex.org/W4312920057","https://openalex.org/W4313478134","https://openalex.org/W4321454472","https://openalex.org/W4389243370","https://openalex.org/W4389252832","https://openalex.org/W4391822254","https://openalex.org/W4395017692","https://openalex.org/W4396505968","https://openalex.org/W4396909934","https://openalex.org/W4404036052"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2317351040","https://openalex.org/W2952466936","https://openalex.org/W1988622314","https://openalex.org/W2393949104","https://openalex.org/W2392631856","https://openalex.org/W2355651228","https://openalex.org/W2330491326","https://openalex.org/W2768219827","https://openalex.org/W1992581387","https://openalex.org/W2110982267"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,188],"steer-by-wire":[1],"(SbW)":[2],"system":[3,29,73,100],"is":[4,137,154],"regarded":[5],"as":[6],"the":[7,24,28,44,71,94,97,121,169,184,193],"optimal":[8],"steering":[9,35],"solution":[10],"for":[11,33,108],"achieving":[12],"autonomous":[13],"driving":[14],"and":[15,43,55,74,101,144,166,178,199,204],"has":[16],"garnered":[17],"increasing":[18],"attention":[19],"in":[20],"recent":[21],"years.":[22],"However,":[23],"intrinsic":[25],"design":[26],"of":[27,96,168],"presents":[30],"significant":[31],"challenges":[32],"precise":[34],"execution":[36],"due":[37],"to":[38,69,156,182],"parameter":[39],"uncertainties,":[40],"external":[41],"disturbances,":[42,159],"substantial":[45],"risk":[46],"posed":[47],"by":[48],"actuator":[49,88,109],"faults.":[50,110],"To":[51],"achieve":[52],"exact,":[53],"rapid,":[54],"robust":[56],"tracking,":[57],"this":[58],"study":[59],"utilizes":[60],"a":[61,76,103,126,148],"dual":[62],"three-phase":[63],"permanent":[64],"magnet":[65],"synchronous":[66],"motor":[67],"(DT-PMSM)":[68],"drive":[70],"SbW":[72,99],"proposes":[75],"fault-tolerant":[77],"tracking":[78,122,200],"scheme":[79,195],"integrating":[80],"fixed-time":[81,114,140,149],"sliding":[82,115],"mode":[83,116],"control":[84,132],"(FT-SMC)":[85],"with":[86,135,160],"adaptive":[87,131],"fault":[89,205],"compensation.":[90],"Initially,":[91],"we":[92,118],"describe":[93],"structure":[95],"DT-PMSM-driven":[98],"establish":[102],"mathematical":[104],"model":[105],"that":[106,120,192],"accounts":[107],"Subsequently,":[111],"utilizing":[112],"dual-layer":[113],"surfaces,":[117],"ensure":[119],"error":[123],"converges":[124],"within":[125],"fixed":[127],"time.":[128],"A":[129],"novel":[130],"law,":[133],"combined":[134],"FT-SMC,":[136],"introduced,":[138],"guaranteeing":[139],"stability":[141],"under":[142,202],"normal":[143,203],"faulty":[145],"conditions.":[146,206],"Furthermore,":[147],"extended":[150],"disturbance":[151],"observer":[152],"(FEDO)":[153],"incorporated":[155],"suppress":[157],"lumped":[158],"its":[161],"stabilization":[162],"time":[163],"being":[164],"bounded":[165],"independent":[167],"initial":[170],"state.":[171],"Real-vehicle":[172],"experiments":[173],"are":[174],"conducted":[175],"on":[176],"high":[177],"low-adhesion":[179],"road":[180],"surfaces":[181],"validate":[183],"proposed":[185,194],"controller's":[186],"effectiveness.":[187],"experimental":[189],"results":[190],"demonstrate":[191],"exhibits":[196],"excellent":[197],"transient":[198],"performance":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}