{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404914891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3510063","title":"A Geometry-Based Stochastic Channel Model for UAV-to-Ground Integrated Sensing and Communication Scenarios","display_name":"A Geometry-Based Stochastic Channel Model for UAV-to-Ground Integrated Sensing and Communication Scenarios","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404914891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3510063"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3510063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3510063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070222813","display_name":"Xiaobo Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0506-1526"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobo Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060758606","display_name":"Daosen Zhai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-6404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daosen Zhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research and Development Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China","Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100666490","display_name":"Ruonan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0030-6758"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruonan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100349496","display_name":"Lei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-0408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103035100","display_name":"Jun Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5640-0853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035919267","display_name":"Victor C. M. Leung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-2640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor C. M. Leung","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070222813"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7932,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96468726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"4","first_page":"5307","last_page":"5320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13257","display_name":"Advanced Control and Stabilization in Aerospace Systems","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5746145844459534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-geometry","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","score":0.5500164031982422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4425346255302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4082062840461731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.33761417865753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3290975093841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23317524790763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.195509135723114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15060237050056458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5746145844459534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.5500164031982422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4425346255302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4082062840461731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33761417865753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3290975093841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23317524790763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.195509135723114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15060237050056458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3510063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3510063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1195673862","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62341131","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4821715942","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62325108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G515257220","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62422109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G546844797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271402","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G821974025","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024A1515011533","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8325655106","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20281","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8565324179","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171385","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097515118","https://openalex.org/W2125930644","https://openalex.org/W2189783830","https://openalex.org/W2613353268","https://openalex.org/W2771472003","https://openalex.org/W2791773463","https://openalex.org/W2792845087","https://openalex.org/W2972356219","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W2995728990","https://openalex.org/W3012501482","https://openalex.org/W3014656313","https://openalex.org/W3027617501","https://openalex.org/W3045597443","https://openalex.org/W3080856920","https://openalex.org/W3090954451","https://openalex.org/W3105338039","https://openalex.org/W3129773144","https://openalex.org/W3152301406","https://openalex.org/W3167951956","https://openalex.org/W3174343525","https://openalex.org/W3203337422","https://openalex.org/W3213070675","https://openalex.org/W3215344916","https://openalex.org/W4214909616","https://openalex.org/W4220836020","https://openalex.org/W4285121421","https://openalex.org/W4293221718","https://openalex.org/W4294690527","https://openalex.org/W4295788727","https://openalex.org/W4312489785","https://openalex.org/W4312911292","https://openalex.org/W4315629697","https://openalex.org/W4380763507","https://openalex.org/W4386450881","https://openalex.org/W4387587517","https://openalex.org/W4387914700"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3009263128","https://openalex.org/W2023833916","https://openalex.org/W4389820878","https://openalex.org/W3132963729","https://openalex.org/W2406192116","https://openalex.org/W1607049962","https://openalex.org/W3182131123","https://openalex.org/W1985655499","https://openalex.org/W2624044939","https://openalex.org/W2121524756"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Integrated":[0],"sensing":[1,36,187,196,213],"and":[2,77,84,116,130,137,141,148,162,181,194,231],"communication":[3,16,30,102],"(ISAC)":[4],"is":[5,225],"one":[6],"of":[7,70,82,87,100,145,156,178,234],"the":[8,12,29,35,60,68,80,85,92,97,101,105,110,117,124,128,131,134,138,143,154,166,176,186,191,195,205,217,228],"key":[9],"technologies":[10],"in":[11],"sixth":[13],"generation":[14],"wireless":[15,20],"network":[17],"(6G).":[18],"The":[19,200],"channel":[21,46,61,170],"modeling":[22],"for":[23,48,227],"6G":[24],"should":[25],"not":[26],"only":[27],"consider":[28],"channel,":[31,103],"but":[32],"also":[33],"include":[34],"channel.":[37],"In":[38,120,150],"this":[39],"paper,":[40],"we":[41,95,122,152,174],"propose":[42],"an":[43,52],"air-to-ground":[44],"(A2G)":[45],"model":[47,123],"ISAC":[49,235],"based":[50,236],"on":[51,91,169,185,237],"unmanned":[53],"aerial":[54],"vehicle":[55],"(UAV).":[56],"We":[57],"first":[58],"calculate":[59],"impulse":[62],"response":[63],"(CIR),":[64],"which":[65],"sufficiently":[66],"considers":[67],"characteristics":[69,99],"UAV":[71,73,157],"(e.g.,":[72],"wobbles,":[74,159],"moving":[75,78,86,160],"speed,":[76],"direction),":[79],"movement":[81],"scatterers,":[83],"user":[88],"equipment":[89],"(UE)":[90],"ground.":[93],"Secondly,":[94],"derive":[96],"statistical":[98],"including":[104],"space-time-frequency":[106],"correlation":[107],"function":[108],"(STF-CF),":[109],"Doppler":[111],"power":[112],"spectral":[113],"density":[114],"(PSD),":[115],"delay":[118,147],"PSD.":[119],"addition,":[121,151],"echo":[125],"signals":[126],"from":[127],"UE":[129],"scatterers":[132,136],"(including":[133],"shared":[135],"unshared":[139],"scatterers)":[140],"investigate":[142],"estimation":[144],"time":[146],"Doppler.":[149],"analyzed":[153],"impact":[155],"random":[158],"direction,":[161],"height,":[163],"along":[164],"with":[165,208,220],"scatter":[167],"distributions":[168],"propagation":[171],"characteristics.":[172],"Finally,":[173],"simulate":[175],"probability":[177],"detection":[179],"(Pd)":[180],"present":[182],"interesting":[183],"conclusions":[184],"performance":[188,214],"related":[189],"to":[190,216],"modulated":[192],"waveform":[193,207,219],"signal-to-noise":[197],"ratio":[198],"(SNR).":[199],"simulation":[201],"results":[202],"show":[203],"that":[204],"modulation":[206,218],"constant":[209],"modulus":[210],"exhibits":[211],"superior":[212],"compared":[215],"non-constant":[221],"modulus.":[222],"This":[223],"work":[224],"helpful":[226],"theoretical":[229],"exploration":[230],"system":[232],"design":[233],"UAVs.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
