{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404810590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3508022","title":"Control-Oriented Model for Thermal Energy Management of Battery Electric Vehicles","display_name":"Control-Oriented Model for Thermal Energy Management of Battery Electric Vehicles","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404810590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3508022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3508022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3508022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030197362","display_name":"Prashant Lokur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3124-1942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Prashant Lokur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, G&#x00F6;teborg, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, G&#x00F6;teborg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007503953","display_name":"Nikolce Murgovski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-7090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolce Murgovski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, G&#x00F6;teborg, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, G&#x00F6;teborg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063586507","display_name":"Mikael Larsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-836X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148546","display_name":"Thermal Systems Technology (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/0586v7c76","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148546"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikael Larsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Thermal Energy Management, Zeekr Technology Europe, G&#x00F6;teborg, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Thermal Energy Management, Zeekr Technology Europe, G&#x00F6;teborg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148546"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030197362"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6236,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68191809,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"4","first_page":"5467","last_page":"5478"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14353","display_name":"Wireless Sensor Networks for Data Analysis","score":0.9262999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.909600019454956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-management-of-electronic-devices-and-systems","display_name":"Thermal management of electronic devices and systems","score":0.6206954717636108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.5968749523162842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.5641165375709534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.48796242475509644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.47811049222946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4776790738105774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4104347825050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.37809932231903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.3619021773338318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35293954610824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3447856903076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.18925681710243225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.10691586136817932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09552744030952454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114834414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15477170","display_name":"Thermal management of electronic devices and systems","level":2,"score":0.6206954717636108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.5968749523162842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.5641165375709534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.48796242475509644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.47811049222946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4776790738105774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4104347825050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.37809932231903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3619021773338318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35293954610824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3447856903076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.18925681710243225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.10691586136817932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09552744030952454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3508022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3508022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:544185","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/544185","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008301949","https://openalex.org/W2023385933","https://openalex.org/W2031289420","https://openalex.org/W2033818172","https://openalex.org/W2117396749","https://openalex.org/W2122554293","https://openalex.org/W2313948963","https://openalex.org/W2342265194","https://openalex.org/W2496108968","https://openalex.org/W2505190578","https://openalex.org/W2774908883","https://openalex.org/W2782285000","https://openalex.org/W2795715601","https://openalex.org/W2842089854","https://openalex.org/W2905013275","https://openalex.org/W2946983901","https://openalex.org/W2955724600","https://openalex.org/W2993882527","https://openalex.org/W3003308815","https://openalex.org/W3033756654","https://openalex.org/W3037478778","https://openalex.org/W3089207091","https://openalex.org/W3090864350","https://openalex.org/W3092995307","https://openalex.org/W3205651879","https://openalex.org/W3211970873","https://openalex.org/W4292342808","https://openalex.org/W4293030860","https://openalex.org/W4311104350","https://openalex.org/W4387647817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371237473","https://openalex.org/W1986859584","https://openalex.org/W2011774510","https://openalex.org/W4385859326","https://openalex.org/W4400790761","https://openalex.org/W2330407971","https://openalex.org/W4283264975","https://openalex.org/W4387418068","https://openalex.org/W2386253354","https://openalex.org/W3199017170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,8,18,38,74,85,100],"control-oriented":[4],"thermal":[5,102,176],"model":[6,29,63,96],"for":[7,23,49,59,66,111],"novel":[9],"heating,":[10],"ventilation,":[11],"and":[12,53,131,164,193],"air":[13,51],"conditioning":[14],"(HVAC)":[15],"system":[16,184],"with":[17],"heat":[19],"pump":[20],"designed":[21],"specifically":[22],"battery":[24,60],"electric":[25],"vehicles":[26],"(BEVs).":[27],"The":[28,62,92],"is":[30,64,97,108,170,191],"validated":[31],"through":[32],"high-fidelity":[33],"simulations":[34],"from":[35],"GT-SUITE,":[36],"achieving":[37],"root":[39],"mean":[40],"square":[41],"error":[42],"of":[43,94,114,160,179,188,201],"<inline-formula":[44,54,75,115,141,196],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[45,55,76,116,142,197],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[46,56,77,117,143,198],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$1.54":[47],"\\,\\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[48,58,79,200],"cabin":[50,101,134,149,175],"temperature":[52,135,150],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$0.70":[57],"temperature.":[61],"used":[65],"exploring":[67],"energy":[68,82,138],"reduction":[69],"strategies.":[70],"Optimal":[71],"results":[72],"demonstrate":[73],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$5.7":[78],"decrease":[80],"in":[81,88,99],"consumption":[83],"during":[84],"cool-down":[86],"scenario":[87],"high":[89],"ambient":[90],"temperatures.":[91],"usage":[93,139],"the":[95,106,126,152,158,165,182,186,202],"showcased":[98],"pre-conditioning":[103],"problem":[104],"where":[105],"vehicle":[107],"not":[109],"occupied":[110],"an":[112],"interval":[113],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$600":[118],"\\,\\mathrm{s}$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[119],"between":[120],"two":[121],"drives.":[122],"Results":[123],"show":[124],"that":[125,168],"ability":[127],"to":[128,147,173],"predict":[129],"occupancy":[130],"optimally":[132],"manage":[133],"could":[136],"reduce":[137],"by":[140],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$12.9":[144],"\\,\\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>,":[145],"compared":[146],"maintaining":[148],"at":[151],"same":[153],"level.":[154],"Another":[155],"example":[156],"examines":[157],"impact":[159],"predicted":[161,203],"data":[162],"uncertainty":[163],"result":[166],"shows":[167],"it":[169],"more":[171],"energy-efficient":[172],"maintain":[174],"comfort":[177],"instead":[178],"turning":[180],"off":[181],"HVAC":[183],"when":[185],"likelihood":[187],"passenger":[189],"arrival":[190],"uncertain":[192],"exceeds":[194],"approximately":[195],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$60":[199],"non-occupied":[204],"interval.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
