{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403675545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3470832","title":"A Cognitive Jamming Decision-Making Method Based on Heuristic Improved A2C Algorithm","display_name":"A Cognitive Jamming Decision-Making Method Based on Heuristic Improved A2C Algorithm","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403675545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3470832"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3470832","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3470832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087101695","display_name":"Chudi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0839-3908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158522","display_name":"PLA Academy of Military Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05ct4s596","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chudi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Game and Decision Laboratory, Academy of Military Science, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Game and Decision Laboratory, Academy of Military Science, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Biao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3304-7007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5695-5509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158522","display_name":"PLA Academy of Military Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05ct4s596","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Game and Decision Laboratory, Academy of Military Science, Beijing, China","School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Game and Decision Laboratory, Academy of Military Science, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018688157","display_name":"Wenshuai Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4925-5372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenshuai Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lulu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6796-2533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158522","display_name":"PLA Academy of Military Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05ct4s596","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lulu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Game and Decision Laboratory, Academy of Military Science, Beijing, China","School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Game and Decision Laboratory, Academy of Military Science, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100826542","display_name":"Shiyou Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4235-7986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiyou Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087101695"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.785,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97419155,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"2","first_page":"2871","last_page":"2883"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13371","display_name":"Military Defense Systems Analysis","score":0.45019999146461487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13371","display_name":"Military Defense Systems Analysis","score":0.45019999146461487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.7085584998130798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5759481191635132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5587610602378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5331926345825195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.4364970326423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm-design","display_name":"Algorithm design","score":0.411052942276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32665541768074036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11830475926399231}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.7085584998130798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5759481191635132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5587610602378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5331926345825195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4364970326423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.411052942276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32665541768074036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11830475926399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3470832","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3470832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2448126047","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171455","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8966771777","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JCYJ20180307151430655","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329791","funder_display_name":"Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329791","display_name":"Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W2061992737","https://openalex.org/W2063146632","https://openalex.org/W2269870390","https://openalex.org/W2530715206","https://openalex.org/W2772795585","https://openalex.org/W2782517025","https://openalex.org/W2903687574","https://openalex.org/W2912581924","https://openalex.org/W2999990508","https://openalex.org/W3000632804","https://openalex.org/W3105814356","https://openalex.org/W3162146087","https://openalex.org/W4200523872","https://openalex.org/W4205557809","https://openalex.org/W4246917522","https://openalex.org/W4300376264","https://openalex.org/W4312371549","https://openalex.org/W4319725996","https://openalex.org/W4327500838","https://openalex.org/W4360770933","https://openalex.org/W4360930651","https://openalex.org/W4366492991","https://openalex.org/W4367721878","https://openalex.org/W4380680527","https://openalex.org/W4381744333","https://openalex.org/W4386453595","https://openalex.org/W6638088447","https://openalex.org/W6685444567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393888177","https://openalex.org/W2544423928","https://openalex.org/W2115794623","https://openalex.org/W2360264381","https://openalex.org/W2067173559","https://openalex.org/W2148738811","https://openalex.org/W1613730747","https://openalex.org/W2541389358","https://openalex.org/W4318948887","https://openalex.org/W1994204274"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cognitive":[0,20],"electronic":[1,298],"warfare":[2],"(CEW)":[3],"has":[4,72],"received":[5],"increasing":[6],"attention,":[7],"and":[8,49,62,80,138,174,237,243,259],"it":[9,14,101,106],"is":[10,222,278],"widely":[11],"recognized":[12],"that":[13,203,289],"will":[15],"play":[16],"a":[17,51,57,117,136],"significant":[18],"role.":[19],"jamming":[21,47,119,197],"decision-making,":[22],"as":[23],"one":[24,67],"of":[25,29,60,75,78,146,159,179,217,248,275],"the":[26,33,42,66,69,73,88,92,97,124,144,147,157,160,164,176,180,185,194,206,214,218,245,249,255,261,268,272,290],"critical":[27],"technologies":[28],"CEW,":[30],"dramatically":[31],"impacts":[32],"global":[34],"battlefield":[35],"situation.":[36],"In":[37],"this":[38,276],"paper,":[39],"we":[40,115,128,253],"introduce":[41,254],"A2C":[43,54,132,161,166,220,264,270],"algorithm":[44,59,71,133,167,221,277,291],"into":[45],"cognitive":[46,118,196],"decision-making":[48,120,198],"propose":[50,260],"heuristic":[52,256,262],"improved":[53,131,165,219,223,250,263,269,279],"algorithm.":[55,90,162,265],"As":[56],"fusion":[58],"DQN":[61,89],"Policy":[63,98,210],"Gradient,":[64,211],"on":[65,171,193],"hand,":[68,94],"Actor-Critic":[70],"advantages":[74],"iterative":[76],"updating":[77],"policies":[79],"high":[81,109],"efficiency":[82],"in":[83,297],"complex":[84],"spaces,":[85],"compared":[86,95,204],"to":[87,122],"On":[91],"other":[93],"with":[96,184,205,267],"Gradient":[99],"algorithm,":[100,271],"features":[102],"fast":[103],"convergence.":[104],"But,":[105],"suffers":[107],"from":[108],"variance,":[110,155],"making":[111],"convergence":[112,158,215,273],"difficult.":[113],"First,":[114],"establish":[116],"model":[121],"address":[123],"above":[125],"issues.":[126],"Then,":[127],"develop":[129],"an":[130],"by":[134,224,280],"introducing":[135],"baseline":[137,142],"dueling":[139,151],"networks.":[140],"The":[141,200,285],"reduces":[143],"variance":[145],"critic":[148],"network,":[149],"while":[150],"networks":[152],"further":[153],"decrease":[154],"enhancing":[156],"Additionally,":[163],"does":[168],"not":[169],"rely":[170],"prior":[172],"information,":[173],"enhances":[175],"adaptive":[177],"capability":[178],"jammer":[181],"when":[182],"interacting":[183],"target":[186],"radar.":[187],"We":[188],"conducted":[189],"numerical":[190],"simulations":[191],"based":[192],"designed":[195],"model.":[199],"results":[201,287],"demonstrated":[202],"four":[207],"algorithms":[208],"(DQN,":[209],"Actor-Critic,":[212],"A2C),":[213],"speed":[216,274],"50<inline-formula":[225],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[226,230,234,239,282],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[227,231,235,240,283],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>,":[228,232,236,241],"57.8<inline-formula":[229],"34.5<inline-formula":[233],"13.64<inline-formula":[238],"respectively,":[242],"verified":[244],"excellent":[246],"performance":[247],"A2C.":[251],"Finally,":[252],"reward":[257],"function":[258],"Compared":[266],"31.58<inline-formula":[281],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>.":[284],"simulation":[286],"prove":[288],"can":[292],"greatly":[293],"improve":[294],"our":[295],"advantage":[296],"countermeasures.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}