{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401328890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3438151","title":"Secure Wireless Communication in Active RIS-Assisted DFRC Systems","display_name":"Secure Wireless Communication in Active RIS-Assisted DFRC Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401328890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3438151"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3438151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3438151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100883421","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1659-1536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113433956","display_name":"Hong Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-1087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075696071","display_name":"Cunhua Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5286-7958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cunhua Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024060295","display_name":"Boshi Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boshi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114909916","display_name":"Zhiyuan Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9209-5200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyuan Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109758793","display_name":"Ruisong Weng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruisong Weng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101462298","display_name":"Tuo Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-3357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuo Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109705995","display_name":"Yongchao He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongchao He","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100883421"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":40.3023,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99748881,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"1","first_page":"626","last_page":"640"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9754999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9754999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6740360260009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5123594999313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4326920807361603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.42829740047454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3491520881652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3264960050582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3224959969520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.302971214056015}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6740360260009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5123594999313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4326920807361603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.42829740047454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3491520881652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3264960050582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3224959969520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.302971214056015}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3438151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3438151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1129167665","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62331023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5298968265","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62350710796","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6525716051","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2242022k60001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6578954843","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201137","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151604921","https://openalex.org/W2057565382","https://openalex.org/W2104308613","https://openalex.org/W2178935672","https://openalex.org/W2194356940","https://openalex.org/W2299553154","https://openalex.org/W2440808508","https://openalex.org/W2508393166","https://openalex.org/W2605042540","https://openalex.org/W2769776241","https://openalex.org/W2795059371","https://openalex.org/W2886726856","https://openalex.org/W2888967443","https://openalex.org/W2945534522","https://openalex.org/W2949670636","https://openalex.org/W2972757045","https://openalex.org/W2975790550","https://openalex.org/W3001977108","https://openalex.org/W3011149292","https://openalex.org/W3021225717","https://openalex.org/W3038047043","https://openalex.org/W3039402952","https://openalex.org/W3119152637","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3133505491","https://openalex.org/W3134105517","https://openalex.org/W3154003282","https://openalex.org/W3168739648","https://openalex.org/W3180206688","https://openalex.org/W3183034622","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3214276595","https://openalex.org/W3217184862","https://openalex.org/W4206296593","https://openalex.org/W4210595489","https://openalex.org/W4221161002","https://openalex.org/W4225737845","https://openalex.org/W4226061238","https://openalex.org/W4288388759","https://openalex.org/W4312330321","https://openalex.org/W4312830363","https://openalex.org/W4312984309","https://openalex.org/W4313001863","https://openalex.org/W4313004004","https://openalex.org/W4323346131","https://openalex.org/W4379116905","https://openalex.org/W4386824700","https://openalex.org/W4388692603","https://openalex.org/W4390075062","https://openalex.org/W4392061633","https://openalex.org/W4399039884","https://openalex.org/W4405908094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111375262","https://openalex.org/W1991205173","https://openalex.org/W2109048960","https://openalex.org/W2741481635","https://openalex.org/W2137328885","https://openalex.org/W2338537463","https://openalex.org/W2912284747","https://openalex.org/W2372426168","https://openalex.org/W2375193409","https://openalex.org/W3165738400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"considers":[2],"a":[3,18,133],"dual-functional":[4],"radar":[5,61,171],"and":[6,17,45,63,71,84,100,110,137,158,170],"communication":[7],"(DFRC)":[8],"system":[9,32],"with":[10],"an":[11],"active":[12,51,72,148],"reconfigurable":[13],"intelligent":[14],"surface":[15],"(RIS)":[16],"potential":[19],"eavesdropper.":[20],"Our":[21],"purpose":[22],"is":[23,87,129],"to":[24,54,89,116,131],"maximize":[25],"the":[26,31,36,40,46,50,55,60,64,69,91,97,101,108,118,126,140,147,153],"secrecy":[27],"rate":[28,169],"(SR)":[29],"of":[30,59,155,165],"by":[33,94],"jointly":[34],"designing":[35],"beamforming":[37,98],"matrix":[38,99],"at":[39,49,68],"DFRC":[41],"base":[42],"station":[43],"(BS)":[44],"reflecting":[47,102],"coefficients":[48],"RIS,":[52],"subject":[53],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio":[56],"(SINR)":[57],"constraint":[58],"echo":[62],"power":[65],"consumption":[66],"constraints":[67],"DFRC-BS":[70],"RIS.":[73],"An":[74],"alternating":[75],"optimization":[76],"(AO)":[77],"algorithm":[78],"based":[79],"on":[80],"semi-definite":[81],"relaxation":[82],"(SDR)":[83],"majorization-minimization":[85],"(MM)":[86],"applied":[88,130],"solve":[90,139],"SR-maximization":[92],"problem":[93],"alternately":[95],"optimizing":[96],"coefficients.":[103],"Specifically,":[104],"we":[105],"first":[106],"apply":[107],"SDR":[109],"successive":[111],"convex":[112],"approximation":[113],"(SCA)":[114],"methods":[115],"transform":[117],"two":[119],"subproblems":[120],"into":[121],"more":[122],"tractable":[123],"forms,":[124],"then":[125],"MM":[127],"method":[128],"derive":[132],"concave":[134],"surrogate":[135],"function":[136],"iteratively":[138],"subproblems.":[141],"Finally,":[142],"simulation":[143],"results":[144],"indicate":[145],"that":[146],"RIS":[149,162],"can":[150],"better":[151],"confront":[152],"impact":[154],"\u201cmultiplicative":[156],"fading\u201d":[157],"outperforms":[159],"traditional":[160],"passive":[161],"in":[163],"terms":[164],"both":[166],"secure":[167],"data":[168],"sensing":[172],"performance.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
