{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400448565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3425729","title":"Hybrid RF-VLC Communication System: Performance Analysis and Deep Learning Detection in the Presence of Blockages","display_name":"Hybrid RF-VLC Communication System: Performance Analysis and Deep Learning Detection in the Presence of Blockages","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400448565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3425729"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3425729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3425729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074823529","display_name":"Parvez Shaik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3125-1051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58152225","display_name":"Texas A&M University at Qatar","ror":"https://ror.org/03vb4dm14","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58152225","https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Parvez Shaik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3125-1051","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58152225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086265029","display_name":"Cihat Ke\u00e7eci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2097-5855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cihat Ke\u00e7eci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2097-5855","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060109822","display_name":"Kamal Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3618-0184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33586908","display_name":"Pandit Deendayal Energy University","ror":"https://ror.org/02nsv5p42","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamal K. Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3618-0184","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081450215","display_name":"Ali Boyac\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2553-1911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53210213","display_name":"Istanbul Commerce University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v3kkq53","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53210213"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Boyaci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Istanbul Commerce University, Istanbul, Türkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2553-1911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Istanbul Commerce University, Istanbul, Türkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53210213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077148915","display_name":"Muhammad Ismail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8051-9747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ismail","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Tennessee Tech University, Cookeville, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8051-9747","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Tennessee Tech University, Cookeville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034213361","display_name":"Erchin Serpedin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9069-770X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erchin Serpedin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9069-770X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074823529"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58152225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2017,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7873206,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"11","first_page":"17122","last_page":"17134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.5576846599578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.5392974019050598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4826379418373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.4682399332523346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.409855455160141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.33810511231422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3296498656272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.26216280460357666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.10983788967132568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.5576846599578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.5392974019050598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4826379418373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.4682399332523346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.409855455160141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.33810511231422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3296498656272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.26216280460357666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.10983788967132568}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3425729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3425729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G258012925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP13S-0127-200182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522045078","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1576718945","https://openalex.org/W1984649364","https://openalex.org/W2007888894","https://openalex.org/W2109558846","https://openalex.org/W2112277396","https://openalex.org/W2113257905","https://openalex.org/W2119108698","https://openalex.org/W2128145324","https://openalex.org/W2144644352","https://openalex.org/W2163770389","https://openalex.org/W2302465559","https://openalex.org/W2323702888","https://openalex.org/W2523122228","https://openalex.org/W2613228701","https://openalex.org/W2766070188","https://openalex.org/W2784210264","https://openalex.org/W2887272657","https://openalex.org/W2909492818","https://openalex.org/W2945641338","https://openalex.org/W2962883549","https://openalex.org/W2965872306","https://openalex.org/W2986991381","https://openalex.org/W2997654830","https://openalex.org/W3000699369","https://openalex.org/W3014682028","https://openalex.org/W3035776320","https://openalex.org/W3041345624","https://openalex.org/W3044562761","https://openalex.org/W3138399983","https://openalex.org/W3216905586","https://openalex.org/W4200030876","https://openalex.org/W4206400910","https://openalex.org/W4220850987","https://openalex.org/W4230959423","https://openalex.org/W4245531663","https://openalex.org/W4280630081","https://openalex.org/W4301586486","https://openalex.org/W4319866450","https://openalex.org/W4321020755","https://openalex.org/W4321482121","https://openalex.org/W6631190155"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2501797479","https://openalex.org/W4296990932","https://openalex.org/W2351254294","https://openalex.org/W3102516704","https://openalex.org/W2345910612","https://openalex.org/W2382506394","https://openalex.org/W2090275515","https://openalex.org/W1995626081","https://openalex.org/W2802124725","https://openalex.org/W3165738400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,46],"paper":[1],"analyzes":[2],"the":[3,36,39,42,71,75,86,91,97,101,133,147,165,172,177],"performance":[4,137],"of":[5,38,77,179],"a":[6],"dual-hop":[7],"hybrid":[8],"radio":[9],"frequency":[10],"-":[11],"visible":[12],"light":[13],"communications":[14],"(VLCs)":[15],"system.":[16],"VLC":[17,40,60,67,129],"exploits":[18],"high":[19],"frequencies":[20],"for":[21,24,51,111,132,143,151],"signal":[22,112],"propagation":[23],"short-range":[25],"and":[26,146,156,183,191],"is":[27,44,62,82,107,122,130,138],"highly":[28],"susceptible":[29],"to":[30,84,109,116],"blockages.":[31,79],"Hence,":[32],"in":[33,74,140,171],"this":[34],"work,":[35],"sensitivity":[37],"toward":[41],"blockages":[43,186],"explored.":[45],"study":[47],"examines":[48],"outdoor-indoor":[49],"communication":[50,195],"an":[52,56],"urban":[53],"scenario":[54,121],"featuring":[55],"office":[57],"environment.":[58],"The":[59,119],"system":[61],"designed":[63],"by":[64,167],"considering":[65],"multiple":[66,192],"access":[68,87],"points":[69],"serving":[70],"end":[72],"users":[73],"presence":[76],"human":[78],"Selection":[80],"combining":[81],"employed":[83,131],"select":[85],"point":[88],"which":[89],"offers":[90],"maximum":[92],"instantaneous":[93],"signal-to-noise":[94],"ratio":[95],"at":[96],"user.":[98],"To":[99],"capture":[100],"outdoor":[102,115,120],"scenario,":[103],"path":[104],"loss":[105],"modeling":[106],"conducted":[108],"account":[110],"attenuation":[113],"from":[114],"indoor":[117,134],"spaces.":[118],"modeled":[123],"using":[124],"Nakagami-m":[125],"fading":[126],"channels":[127],"while":[128],"scenario.":[135],"System":[136],"assessed":[139],"closed-form":[141],"expression":[142],"outage":[144],"probability":[145],"symbol":[148],"error":[149],"rate":[150],"binary":[152],"phase":[153],"shift":[154],"keying":[155],"quadrature":[157],"amplitude":[158],"modulation.":[159],"A":[160],"deep":[161],"learning-based":[162],"approach":[163],"detects":[164],"symbols":[166],"tracking":[168],"dynamic":[169],"changes":[170],"channel.":[173],"Simulation":[174],"results":[175],"corroborate":[176],"correctness":[178],"derived":[180],"analytical":[181],"expressions":[182],"reveal":[184],"that":[185],"significantly":[187],"impact":[188],"both":[189],"single":[190],"LED":[193],"based":[194],"channels.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}