{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394938932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3390690","title":"Two-Layer Computing Resource Management for Blockchain-Enabled Internet of Vehicles","display_name":"Two-Layer Computing Resource Management for Blockchain-Enabled Internet of Vehicles","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394938932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3390690"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3390690","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3390690","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107410163","display_name":"Weibo Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9527-5483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weibo Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9527-5483","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101968588","display_name":"Yuanfeng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-4881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanfeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Space-round Interconnection and Convergence, the State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-4881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Space-round Interconnection and Convergence, the State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100666106","display_name":"Haipeng Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1391-7363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haipeng Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1391-7363","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107250497","display_name":"Shan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4141-2242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4141-2242","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005621448","display_name":"Tianle Mai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8500-1461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianle Mai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8500-1461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101690888","display_name":"Yunjie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-7523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunjie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.477,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94691996,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"9","first_page":"13724","last_page":"13737"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7606194019317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.6928086280822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6818417906761169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-work-system","display_name":"Proof-of-work system","score":0.6282548308372498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.619103193283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5981076955795288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5866851806640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4566743075847626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.4471891522407532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.43664950132369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.24032771587371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10887756943702698}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7606194019317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.6928086280822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6818417906761169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123436394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249984","display_name":"Proof-of-work system","level":3,"score":0.6282548308372498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.619103193283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5981076955795288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5866851806640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4566743075847626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.4471891522407532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.43664950132369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.24032771587371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10887756943702698}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3390690","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3390690","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1790169944","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22B2033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2654959225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62325203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499339896","https://openalex.org/W2010431664","https://openalex.org/W2023822502","https://openalex.org/W2109150831","https://openalex.org/W2141694008","https://openalex.org/W2465219533","https://openalex.org/W2472333518","https://openalex.org/W2533772775","https://openalex.org/W2553698314","https://openalex.org/W2586028893","https://openalex.org/W2619984247","https://openalex.org/W2784021784","https://openalex.org/W2891855426","https://openalex.org/W2894393869","https://openalex.org/W2898082692","https://openalex.org/W2915508500","https://openalex.org/W2921018545","https://openalex.org/W2926519916","https://openalex.org/W2941588664","https://openalex.org/W2947690458","https://openalex.org/W2959345751","https://openalex.org/W2963403391","https://openalex.org/W2963507231","https://openalex.org/W2966690133","https://openalex.org/W2982650630","https://openalex.org/W2998064894","https://openalex.org/W2998851293","https://openalex.org/W3092635848","https://openalex.org/W3101098008","https://openalex.org/W3103363130","https://openalex.org/W3126382811","https://openalex.org/W3135386558","https://openalex.org/W3159082433","https://openalex.org/W3189316782","https://openalex.org/W4206683212","https://openalex.org/W4210422511","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4211095127","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W4251083239","https://openalex.org/W4313526219","https://openalex.org/W4380358753","https://openalex.org/W4385059493","https://openalex.org/W4389747921","https://openalex.org/W4391365628","https://openalex.org/W4392904767","https://openalex.org/W6693277972"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2981481350","https://openalex.org/W4361251304","https://openalex.org/W3024547383","https://openalex.org/W4210813012","https://openalex.org/W3174690704","https://openalex.org/W2968424451","https://openalex.org/W4221092438","https://openalex.org/W4385335479","https://openalex.org/W2905685817","https://openalex.org/W2730940305"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,5,26,53,56,69,77,100,116,123,128,140,154,168,182,187,190,194,200,206,210,222,232],"growing":[2],"prominence":[3],"of":[4,7,15,28,61,80,118,202,226,239,261],"Internet":[6],"Vehicles":[8],"(IoV),":[9],"there":[10],"is":[11,178,218],"an":[12,258],"unprecedented":[13],"generation":[14],"vehicular":[16],"data,":[17],"which":[18],"harbors":[19],"immense":[20],"potential":[21],"for":[22,49,125],"diverse":[23],"applications.":[24],"Considering":[25],"convergence":[27],"blockchain":[29,33,105,150,191],"technology":[30],"and":[31,45,58,122,145,224,241,266],"IoV,":[32],"can":[34],"be":[35],"used":[36],"as":[37,89,107,199],"a":[38,43,90,108,135,148,159,174],"distributed":[39],"ledger":[40],"to":[41,82,98,138,180,236],"establish":[42],"decentralised":[44],"autonomous":[46],"trading":[47],"platform":[48],"IoV":[50,62,214],"networks.":[51],"However,":[52],"limitations":[54],"in":[55,68,104,167,229],"power":[57,120,184],"computational":[59,78,101],"capacities":[60],"devices":[63],"hinder":[64],"their":[65],"direct":[66],"involvement":[67],"Proof-of-Work":[70],"(PoW)":[71],"process.":[72],"Addressing":[73],"this":[74],"challenge,":[75],"offloading":[76],"demands":[79],"PoW":[81],"Mobile":[83],"Edge":[84,169],"Computing":[85],"(MEC)":[86],"servers":[87,144,208],"emerges":[88],"feasible":[91],"solution.":[92],"This":[93],"scenario":[94],"has":[95],"prompted":[96],"us":[97],"conceptualize":[99],"resource":[102,110],"management":[103],"consensus":[106],"two-layered":[109],"game,":[111],"aimed":[112],"at":[113],"optimizing":[114],"both":[115],"profits":[117],"computing":[119,183,203,211,227,262],"providers":[121],"utility":[124],"vehicles.":[126],"In":[127],"Blockchain":[129],"Market":[130],"Layer":[131,172],"subgame,":[132,173],"we":[133,157],"employ":[134],"game-theoretic":[136],"framework":[137],"analyze":[139],"interactions":[141],"between":[142,264],"MEC":[143],"vehicles":[146,265],"within":[147,189],"PoW-based":[149],"network.":[151],"To":[152],"optimize":[153],"system":[155,251],"utility,":[156],"introduce":[158],"centralized":[160],"evolutionary":[161],"game-based":[162],"pool":[163],"selection":[164],"algorithm.":[165],"Simultaneously,":[166],"Cloud":[170],"Network":[171],"reverse":[175],"auction":[176],"algorithm":[177],"implemented":[179],"align":[181],"supply":[185],"with":[186,221,231],"demand":[188,212],"market.":[192],"Here,":[193],"cloud":[195,267],"data":[196,268],"center":[197],"functions":[198],"seller":[201],"power,":[204],"while":[205,253],"edge":[207],"aggregate":[209],"from":[213],"devices.":[215],"A":[216],"broker":[217],"then":[219],"tasked":[220],"allocation":[223],"pricing":[225],"resources,":[228],"accordance":[230],"bids,":[233],"ensuring":[234,254],"adherence":[235],"economic":[237],"principles":[238],"authenticity":[240],"individual":[242],"rationality.":[243],"Simulation":[244],"results":[245],"demonstrate":[246],"that":[247],"our":[248],"mechanism":[249],"enhances":[250],"efficiency":[252],"revenue,":[255],"thereby":[256],"enabling":[257],"effective":[259],"distribution":[260],"resources":[263],"centers.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}