{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392903543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3378154","title":"On the Energy Efficiency Potential of Multi-Actuated Electric Vehicles","display_name":"On the Energy Efficiency Potential of Multi-Actuated Electric Vehicles","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392903543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3378154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3378154","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3378154","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/25/4356907/10473121.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/25/4356907/10473121.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066839363","display_name":"Matteo Dalboni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3890-4254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matteo Dalboni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3890-4254","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114136999","display_name":"Gil Martins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0869-8914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gil Martins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0869-8914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040646238","display_name":"Davide Tavernini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5171-8803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Tavernini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5171-8803","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014996697","display_name":"Umberto Montanaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0620-1906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Umberto Montanaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0620-1906","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027955065","display_name":"Alessandro Soldati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7662-9815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Soldati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7662-9815","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036344144","display_name":"Carlo Concari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4620-9665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlo Concari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4620-9665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083052483","display_name":"Miguel Dhaens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3644-3340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095085","display_name":"Tenneco (Belgium)","ror":"https://ror.org/00p3e1n56","country_code":"BE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095085","https://openalex.org/I68109076"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Dhaens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Chassis Research, Tenneco Automotive Europe, Sint Truiden, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3644-3340","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Chassis Research, Tenneco Automotive Europe, Sint Truiden, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095085"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030174677","display_name":"Aldo Sorniotti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aldo Sorniotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4848-058X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066839363"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658","https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3696,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92273618,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"8","first_page":"11150","last_page":"11167"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4759630560874939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.43914595246315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37672188878059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.340194433927536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3190441131591797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4759630560874939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.43914595246315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37672188878059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.340194433927536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3190441131591797}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3378154","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3378154","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/25/4356907/10473121.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3378154","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3378154","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/25/4356907/10473121.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3724322946","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"824250","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6925045906","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"872907","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392903543.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392903543.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W266236073","https://openalex.org/W1517795360","https://openalex.org/W1572628958","https://openalex.org/W1864870865","https://openalex.org/W1954084444","https://openalex.org/W1964404990","https://openalex.org/W1966875154","https://openalex.org/W1967938279","https://openalex.org/W1971657013","https://openalex.org/W1983509615","https://openalex.org/W2019020189","https://openalex.org/W2021200635","https://openalex.org/W2027519733","https://openalex.org/W2039294758","https://openalex.org/W2043637974","https://openalex.org/W2055127956","https://openalex.org/W2102069838","https://openalex.org/W2117815357","https://openalex.org/W2124384307","https://openalex.org/W2127732370","https://openalex.org/W2138514453","https://openalex.org/W2257280405","https://openalex.org/W2327130587","https://openalex.org/W2344995793","https://openalex.org/W2401564716","https://openalex.org/W2589422425","https://openalex.org/W2607741736","https://openalex.org/W2610309835","https://openalex.org/W2617574644","https://openalex.org/W2757619290","https://openalex.org/W2762254412","https://openalex.org/W2767278117","https://openalex.org/W2787284660","https://openalex.org/W2901339236","https://openalex.org/W2942559997","https://openalex.org/W2944963408","https://openalex.org/W2967721141","https://openalex.org/W2974574902","https://openalex.org/W2991332839","https://openalex.org/W2995365046","https://openalex.org/W2998832309","https://openalex.org/W3003778449","https://openalex.org/W3043101366","https://openalex.org/W3045969037","https://openalex.org/W3093727941","https://openalex.org/W3094278533","https://openalex.org/W3156525806","https://openalex.org/W3157451722","https://openalex.org/W3173542616","https://openalex.org/W4210628151","https://openalex.org/W4244913141","https://openalex.org/W6686207973","https://openalex.org/W6713125027"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2358190750"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,128],"literature":[1],"shows":[2],"increasing":[3],"interest":[4],"in":[5,60,69,116],"the":[6,29,35,43,48,57,76,83,147,153,156,167,177,187,198,201],"energy":[7,44],"efficiency":[8],"aspects":[9],"of":[10,18,47,64,89,114,133,155,163,174,191,204],"electric":[11,97],"vehicles":[12],"with":[13,195,200],"multiple":[14],"actuators,":[15],"e.g.,":[16],"capable":[17],"individual":[19,49],"wheel":[20],"torque":[21],"and":[22,25,52,55,107,137,140,144,185],"rear-wheel-steering":[23],"control,":[24,106],"proposes":[26],"controllers":[27],"considering":[28],"relevant":[30,84],"vehicle":[31,126,134],"power":[32,71,85,169,188],"losses.":[33],"However,":[34],"available":[36],"studies":[37],"lack":[38],"systematic":[39],"analyses":[40],"on:":[41],"i)":[42],"saving":[45],"potential":[46],"actuation":[50],"methods,":[51],"their":[53],"combinations;":[54],"ii)":[56],"operating":[58],"conditions":[59],"which":[61],"a":[62,112,131,161],"set":[63,113,173,203],"actuators":[65],"is":[66],"particularly":[67],"effective":[68],"reducing":[70],"consumption.":[72],"This":[73],"paper":[74],"targets":[75],"identified":[77],"gap.":[78],"After":[79],"providing":[80,166],"background":[81],"on":[82],"losses,":[86],"three":[87],"forms":[88],"actuation,":[90],"i.e.,":[91,152],"torque-vectoring":[92],"through":[93,111],"two":[94],"or":[95],"four":[96],"powertrains,":[98],"active":[99],"suspensions":[100],"for":[101,171,180],"front-to-total":[102],"anti-roll":[103],"moment":[104],"distribution":[105],"rear-wheel-steering,":[108],"are":[109],"explored":[110],"simulations":[115],"quasi-steady-state":[117],"conditions,":[118,143],"by":[119],"using":[120],"an":[121],"experimentally":[122],"validated":[123],"high-fidelity":[124],"non-linear":[125],"model.":[127],"analysis":[129],"covers":[130],"range":[132],"speeds,":[135],"longitudinal":[136],"lateral":[138,164],"accelerations,":[139],"tire-road":[141],"friction":[142],"determines:":[145],"a)":[146],"most":[148],"energy-efficient":[149,178],"understeer":[150,183],"characteristics,":[151],"loci":[154],"front":[157],"steering":[158],"angle":[159],"as":[160],"function":[162],"acceleration":[165],"minimum":[168],"consumption,":[170],"each":[172,192],"actuators;":[175],"b)":[176],"actuations":[179],"achieving":[181],"given":[182],"characteristics;":[184],"c)":[186],"consumption":[189],"penalty":[190],"considered":[193],"configuration":[194],"respect":[196],"to":[197],"one":[199],"complete":[202],"actuators.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-13T08:25:38.343686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}