{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391092872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3356592","title":"Synthesis, Design, and Implementation of Wideband 3-D Transmitting/Reflecting Pattern Manipulation Structures","display_name":"Synthesis, Design, and Implementation of Wideband 3-D Transmitting/Reflecting Pattern Manipulation Structures","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391092872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3356592"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3356592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3356592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102918291","display_name":"Tian\u2010Xi Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0884-7970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN","MO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tian-Xi Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0884-7970","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lei Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102918291"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498","https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7186,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90806645,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"6","first_page":"8379","last_page":"8388"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.8948000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.8948000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.7456823587417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.44770246744155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42877334356307983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.35934925079345703}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.7456823587417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.44770246744155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42877334356307983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.35934925079345703}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2024.3356592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2024.3356592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5559984701","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61971475","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8230645719","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DUT24RC(3)004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082432933","https://openalex.org/W2103052564","https://openalex.org/W2103471972","https://openalex.org/W2141707986","https://openalex.org/W2149216111","https://openalex.org/W2489431778","https://openalex.org/W2554236139","https://openalex.org/W2794344156","https://openalex.org/W2809057788","https://openalex.org/W2896507689","https://openalex.org/W2901002422","https://openalex.org/W2936594249","https://openalex.org/W2955983621","https://openalex.org/W2964076076","https://openalex.org/W2982363638","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W2988711090","https://openalex.org/W3005112765","https://openalex.org/W3011523531","https://openalex.org/W3019475667","https://openalex.org/W3023203298","https://openalex.org/W3034533409","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3053007410","https://openalex.org/W3091752016","https://openalex.org/W3098109945","https://openalex.org/W3112468834","https://openalex.org/W3129041449","https://openalex.org/W3129387863","https://openalex.org/W3152882961","https://openalex.org/W3157341840","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3164836970","https://openalex.org/W3188554269","https://openalex.org/W3192880923","https://openalex.org/W3199836582","https://openalex.org/W3201601182","https://openalex.org/W3203630573","https://openalex.org/W3216131442","https://openalex.org/W3217458868","https://openalex.org/W4213417906","https://openalex.org/W4226025603","https://openalex.org/W4226093226","https://openalex.org/W4296437982","https://openalex.org/W4297738396","https://openalex.org/W4309960973","https://openalex.org/W4312471131","https://openalex.org/W4324116426","https://openalex.org/W6760380235","https://openalex.org/W6774773516"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3112081258","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2332949289","https://openalex.org/W98805669","https://openalex.org/W2315892906","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2792514479","https://openalex.org/W2001405890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,17,20,34,79,87,108,124,131,185,195,198,212,227,241,262],"synthesis,":[4],"design,":[5],"and":[6,39,64,172,200,208,233,237,251],"implementation":[7],"of":[8,19,98,111,153,188,218],"wideband":[9,101,143,243],"3-D":[10,44,102,144,244],"transmitting/reflecting":[11,245],"pattern":[12],"manipulation":[13],"structures":[14],"(PMSs).":[15],"Firstly,":[16],"design":[18,182],"basic":[21,35,59,138],"element":[22,36,89,126],"is":[23,37,105,127,147,224],"systematically":[24],"investigated.":[25],"Based":[26],"on":[27],"our":[28,180],"established":[29],"equivalent":[30],"transmission":[31,93],"line":[32,135],"model,":[33],"synthesized":[38],"designed":[40,106],"with":[41,90,170,177],"a":[42,68,73,91,100,137,142,150,257],"simple":[43],"structure":[45],"to":[46,260],"effectively":[47],"convert":[48],"spatial":[49,80],"waves":[50,53],"into":[51],"guided":[52],"under":[54],"prescribed":[55],"performances.":[56],"Then,":[57],"two":[58,166],"elements":[60],"are":[61,168,204],"antipodally":[62],"placed":[63],"electrically":[65],"connected":[66],"by":[67,129],"true-time":[69,133],"delay":[70,134],"line,":[71],"forming":[72],"transmitting":[74,88,103,196],"element.":[75,139],"In":[76,122],"this":[77,96],"way,":[78],"wave":[81,264],"can":[82,252],"nearly":[83],"perfectly":[84],"propagate":[85],"through":[86],"manipulated":[92],"phase.":[94],"Employing":[95],"type":[97],"element,":[99],"PMS":[104,146,246],"for":[107,149,194,231,265],"directing":[109],"angle":[110,152],"(<italic":[112,154],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[113,118,155,160],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">\u03b8<sub>t</sub></i>":[114],"=":[115,157],"40\u00b0,":[116,158],"<italic":[117,159],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">\u03c6<sub>t</sub>":[119],"=</i>":[120,162],"90\u00b0).":[121,163],"addition,":[123],"reflecting":[125,145,213],"constructed":[128],"introducing":[130],"short-circuited":[132],"in":[136,190,220],"After":[140],"that,":[141],"accomplished":[148],"pointing":[151],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">\u03b8<sub>r</sub></i>":[156],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">\u03c6<sub>r</sub>":[161],"Finally,":[164],"these":[165],"PMSs":[167],"implemented":[169],"fabrication":[171],"testing.":[173],"Measurements":[174],"agree":[175],"well":[176],"simulations,":[178],"proving":[179],"proposed":[181,242],"concept.":[183],"Within":[184],"operating":[186,216],"bandwidth":[187,217],"64.9%":[189],"fraction":[191,221],"(6.5\u201312.75":[192],"GHz)":[193,223],"PMS,":[197,214],"simulated":[199],"measured":[201],"average":[202,229],"efficiencies":[203,230],"higher":[205],"than":[206],"82.5%":[207,236],"77.8%,":[209],"respectively.":[210,239],"For":[211],"an":[215],"70.1%":[219],"(6.25\u201313.0":[222],"realized,":[225],"where":[226],"in-band":[228],"simulation":[232],"measurement":[234],"reach":[235],"77.4%,":[238],"Therefore,":[240],"has":[247],"been":[248],"evidently":[249],"confirmed":[250],"be":[253],"potentially":[254],"employed":[255],"as":[256],"promising":[258],"selection":[259],"manipulate":[261],"radio":[263],"future":[266],"networks.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}