{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388937483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3332132","title":"Vehicular/Non-Vehicular Multi-Class Multi-Object Tracking in Drone-Based Aerial Scenes","display_name":"Vehicular/Non-Vehicular Multi-Class Multi-Object Tracking in Drone-Based Aerial Scenes","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388937483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3332132"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3332132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3332132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055392194","display_name":"Igor Bisio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-7306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Igor Bisio","raw_affiliation_strings":["DITEN Department, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy","RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DITEN Department, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045825361","display_name":"Chiara Garibotto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-2484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chiara Garibotto","raw_affiliation_strings":["DITEN Department, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy","RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DITEN Department, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050626776","display_name":"Halar Haleem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9589-6505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halar Haleem","raw_affiliation_strings":["DITEN Department, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy","RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DITEN Department, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069126784","display_name":"Fabio Lavagetto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3692-4021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Lavagetto","raw_affiliation_strings":["DITEN Department, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy","RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DITEN Department, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046303512","display_name":"Andrea Sciarrone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7023-2710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Sciarrone","raw_affiliation_strings":["DITEN Department, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy","RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DITEN Department, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055392194"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2299,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82118951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"4","first_page":"4961","last_page":"4977"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9685999751091003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7424430251121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7233099937438965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6895984411239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bittorrent-tracker","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","score":0.6670265197753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.6076977252960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5817050337791443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.5047825574874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4796362519264221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.4524482786655426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4459124207496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.4276154339313507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.42274782061576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association","display_name":"Association (psychology)","score":0.4167688488960266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.3823515772819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3436686396598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13348791003227234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11491629481315613}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7424430251121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7233099937438965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6895984411239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57501372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2021268","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","level":3,"score":0.6670265197753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.6076977252960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5817050337791443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.5047825574874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4796362519264221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4524482786655426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4459124207496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.4276154339313507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.42274782061576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4167688488960266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.3823515772819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3436686396598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13348791003227234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11491629481315613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3332132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3332132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unige.it:11567/1156962","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11567/1156962","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196291","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","host_organization_name":"University of Genoa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W2016135469","https://openalex.org/W2101544546","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2165737454","https://openalex.org/W2204750386","https://openalex.org/W2252355370","https://openalex.org/W2343841668","https://openalex.org/W2519362791","https://openalex.org/W2603203130","https://openalex.org/W2766984662","https://openalex.org/W2806224701","https://openalex.org/W2897582990","https://openalex.org/W2911810446","https://openalex.org/W2913841731","https://openalex.org/W2914819564","https://openalex.org/W2920942303","https://openalex.org/W2947320139","https://openalex.org/W2962688977","https://openalex.org/W2962777203","https://openalex.org/W2981393651","https://openalex.org/W2984145721","https://openalex.org/W2989604896","https://openalex.org/W2991384465","https://openalex.org/W3003490096","https://openalex.org/W3035727180","https://openalex.org/W3084173793","https://openalex.org/W3095753995","https://openalex.org/W3104218139","https://openalex.org/W3106763294","https://openalex.org/W3106920598","https://openalex.org/W3115390238","https://openalex.org/W3118806306","https://openalex.org/W3119686997","https://openalex.org/W3121063974","https://openalex.org/W3149936330","https://openalex.org/W3168325326","https://openalex.org/W3169591209","https://openalex.org/W3184439416","https://openalex.org/W3210586215","https://openalex.org/W3213063024","https://openalex.org/W3213667102","https://openalex.org/W4214736485","https://openalex.org/W4285357233","https://openalex.org/W4286904999","https://openalex.org/W4287262334","https://openalex.org/W4296211548","https://openalex.org/W4296211836","https://openalex.org/W4297676427","https://openalex.org/W4310467366","https://openalex.org/W4312473433","https://openalex.org/W4312584261","https://openalex.org/W4313117614","https://openalex.org/W4315606051","https://openalex.org/W4316928083","https://openalex.org/W4317419067","https://openalex.org/W4353004344","https://openalex.org/W6788023325","https://openalex.org/W6791714121","https://openalex.org/W6798838024","https://openalex.org/W6843239693"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384788979","https://openalex.org/W178060743","https://openalex.org/W2909390414","https://openalex.org/W2511178891","https://openalex.org/W2126676984","https://openalex.org/W2954509079","https://openalex.org/W2753886513","https://openalex.org/W2070920257","https://openalex.org/W1765993298","https://openalex.org/W2272545788"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"recent":[1],"advancements,":[2],"Multi-Object":[3],"Tracking":[4],"(MOT)":[5],"remains":[6],"a":[7,45,108,114],"difficult":[8],"task,":[9],"particularly":[10],"when":[11,212],"dealing":[12],"with":[13,113],"drone":[14],"videos.":[15],"A":[16],"variety":[17],"of":[18,26,36,86,144,202],"challenges,":[19],"such":[20],"as":[21,153,221],"data":[22,116],"association,":[23],"varying":[24],"levels":[25],"occlusion,":[27],"camera":[28],"motion,":[29],"and":[30,67,81,97,130,151,164,179,196],"missing":[31],"detection,":[32],"affect":[33],"the":[34,78,84,87,100,122,148,159,191,200,203,209],"effectiveness":[35,201],"MOT":[37,88,110],"tasks.":[38],"Data":[39],"association":[40,117],"in":[41,48,119,147],"tracking-by-detection":[42],"approaches":[43],"plays":[44],"critical":[46],"role":[47],"determining":[49,99],"how":[50],"detections":[51,80,178],"from":[52],"previous":[53],"frames":[54],"are":[55,133,170],"linked":[56],"to":[57,73,172,198],"generate":[58],"coherent":[59],"tracks.":[60,82],"To":[61],"address":[62,174],"this":[63],"challenge,":[64],"merging":[65],"spatial":[66,131],"visual":[68],"cues":[69],"may":[70],"not":[71],"lead":[72],"identical":[74],"matching":[75,102,125,138],"pairs":[76,126,146],"for":[77],"given":[79],"Thus,":[83],"performance":[85,211],"task":[89],"can":[90],"be":[91],"improved":[92,210],"by":[93,182,219],"pairing":[94],"them":[95],"individually":[96],"then":[98,141],"best":[101,137],"pair.":[103],"It":[104],"is":[105,140],"therefore":[106],"proposed":[107,204],"Multi-Class":[109],"(MCMOT)":[111],"tracker":[112],"cascaded":[115],"strategy":[118],"which,":[120],"during":[121],"first":[123],"stage,":[124],"based":[127],"on":[128,190],"appearance":[129],"information":[132],"identified":[134,142],"separately.":[135],"The":[136],"pair":[139],"out":[143,189],"these":[145],"second":[149],"stage":[150],"updated":[152],"an":[154],"active":[155],"track.":[156],"In":[157],"addition,":[158],"Kalman":[160],"Filter":[161],"(KF)":[162],"estimation":[163],"Constant":[165],"Velocity":[166],"Assumption":[167],"(CVA)":[168],"model":[169],"employed":[171],"effectively":[173],"scenarios":[175],"involving":[176],"missed":[177],"occlusion":[180],"handling":[181],"utilizing":[183],"motion":[184],"data.":[185],"Experiments":[186],"were":[187],"carried":[188],"two":[192],"state-of-the-art":[193,217],"datasets,":[194],"VisDrone-MOT":[195],"UA-DETRAC,":[197],"validate":[199],"MCMOT":[205],"tracker,":[206],"which":[207],"demonstrated":[208],"compared":[213],"against":[214],"six":[215],"different":[216,223],"trackers":[218],"providing":[220],"input":[222],"detectors.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}