{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388106442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3328252","title":"OFDM-BOC: A Broadband Multicarrier Navigation Modulation-Based BOC for Future GNSS","display_name":"OFDM-BOC: A Broadband Multicarrier Navigation Modulation-Based BOC for Future GNSS","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388106442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3328252"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3328252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3328252","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026579092","display_name":"Lingyu Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6628-5844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingyu Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6628-5844","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050315288","display_name":"Yikang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2983-2313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yikang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2983-2313","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102092465","display_name":"Jiangang Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3403-1062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194716290","display_name":"China Academy of Space Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/025397a59","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194716290","https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangang Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Academy of Space Technology (Xi'an), Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Academy of Space Technology (Xi'an), Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194716290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033995377","display_name":"Yanxiang Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-2570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanxiang Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072343996","display_name":"Lvyang Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-4249"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lvyang Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Institute of Electromechanical Information Technology, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-4249","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Institute of Electromechanical Information Technology, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010413540","display_name":"Hengnian Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163738","display_name":"China Astronaut Research and Training Center","ror":"https://ror.org/001ycj259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hengnian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics, Xi'an Satellite Control Center, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics, Xi'an Satellite Control Center, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.4965,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98089713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"3","first_page":"3964","last_page":"3979"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-offset-carrier-modulation","display_name":"Binary offset carrier modulation","score":0.853152871131897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.7665551900863647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.7068496942520142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.6419282555580139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.583109438419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.47054535150527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-navigation","display_name":"Satellite navigation","score":0.4224545955657959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.41560444235801697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.34388118982315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.31464049220085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3128470778465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.285237193107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.23467972874641418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Amplitude modulation","score":0.1667391061782837}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207717533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863505","display_name":"Binary offset carrier modulation","level":5,"score":0.853152871131897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.7665551900863647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.7068496942520142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6419282555580139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.583109438419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.47054535150527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36301306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179435","display_name":"Satellite navigation","level":3,"score":0.4224545955657959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.41560444235801697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34388118982315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.31464049220085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3128470778465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.285237193107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.23467972874641418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201905106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183755","display_name":"Amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.1667391061782837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3328252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3328252","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979154650","https://openalex.org/W2029051105","https://openalex.org/W2038166203","https://openalex.org/W2086049187","https://openalex.org/W2088968349","https://openalex.org/W2137398564","https://openalex.org/W2138618802","https://openalex.org/W2153928168","https://openalex.org/W2285791480","https://openalex.org/W2343568200","https://openalex.org/W2343948881","https://openalex.org/W2346214124","https://openalex.org/W2552232219","https://openalex.org/W2591835250","https://openalex.org/W2772603899","https://openalex.org/W2782654437","https://openalex.org/W2786292111","https://openalex.org/W2810753555","https://openalex.org/W2901617570","https://openalex.org/W2905333170","https://openalex.org/W2914725804","https://openalex.org/W2917703105","https://openalex.org/W2977982730","https://openalex.org/W2984365536","https://openalex.org/W3004534621","https://openalex.org/W3020085870","https://openalex.org/W3026893033","https://openalex.org/W3033642540","https://openalex.org/W3048299330","https://openalex.org/W3132445847","https://openalex.org/W3134592264","https://openalex.org/W3153247706","https://openalex.org/W3173009916","https://openalex.org/W3176406839","https://openalex.org/W3201566337","https://openalex.org/W3204060695","https://openalex.org/W4200423589","https://openalex.org/W4206617143","https://openalex.org/W4214493158","https://openalex.org/W4221120796","https://openalex.org/W4225243719","https://openalex.org/W4225524949","https://openalex.org/W4226033290","https://openalex.org/W4254050652","https://openalex.org/W4255740205","https://openalex.org/W4283662574","https://openalex.org/W4285507525","https://openalex.org/W4292559910","https://openalex.org/W4295969968","https://openalex.org/W4313245041","https://openalex.org/W6628746586","https://openalex.org/W6692171415"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2335031463","https://openalex.org/W4387358906","https://openalex.org/W2377202771","https://openalex.org/W2375040471","https://openalex.org/W2363611651","https://openalex.org/W3134631198","https://openalex.org/W2028990501","https://openalex.org/W2780584843","https://openalex.org/W1995035072","https://openalex.org/W2399065630"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"global":[1],"navigation":[2,38,48,64,154,160,209,222],"satellite":[3],"system":[4],"(GNSS)":[5],"is":[6,55,190],"a":[7,27,60,134,174,213],"critical":[8],"infrastructure":[9],"for":[10,30,43,151,217],"positioning,":[11],"navigation,":[12],"and":[13,53,94,114,137,166,183,201,208],"timing.":[14],"Recently,":[15],"vigorous":[16],"implementation":[17],"of":[18,35,89,221],"low":[19],"earth":[20],"orbit":[21],"(LEO)":[22],"communication":[23],"satellites":[24],"has":[25,133,173,195],"provided":[26],"new":[28,61],"opportunity":[29],"developing":[31],"GNSS.":[32],"However,":[33],"most":[34],"the":[36,86,90,101,108,111,127,144,152,168,205,218],"existing":[37,122],"modulations":[39,161],"are":[40],"only":[41,147],"applicable":[42],"narrow":[44],"bandwidths;":[45],"hence,":[46],"broadband":[47,62,214],"modulation":[49,119,215],"with":[50,71,157],"good":[51],"compatibility":[52,207],"scalability":[54],"needed.":[56],"This":[57,118],"paper":[58],"presents":[59],"multicarrier":[63],"modulation,":[65,142],"namely":[66],"orthogonal":[67,78],"frequency":[68],"division":[69],"multiplexing":[70],"binary":[72],"offset":[73],"carriers":[74],"(OFDM-BOC),":[75],"which":[76],"uses":[77],"BOC":[79],"signals":[80,124],"as":[81,163],"subcarriers.":[82],"First,":[83],"we":[84,106],"derive":[85],"analytical":[87],"expressions":[88],"autocorrelation":[91],"function":[92],"(ACF)":[93],"power":[95],"spectral":[96],"density":[97],"(PSD)":[98],"based":[99],"on":[100],"proposed":[102],"signal":[103],"model.":[104],"Then,":[105],"discuss":[107],"relationship":[109],"between":[110],"OFDM-BOC":[112,132,172,193,211],"parameters":[113],"their":[115],"time-frequency":[116],"properties.":[117],"can":[120],"update":[121,145],"BOC-like":[123],"without":[125],"affecting":[126],"original":[128,153],"receiver.":[129],"In":[130],"addition,":[131],"similar":[135],"transmitter":[136],"receiver":[138],"scheme":[139,216],"to":[140,204],"traditional":[141],"so":[143],"process":[146],"needs":[148],"minor":[149],"changes":[150],"equipment.":[155],"Compared":[156],"some":[158],"representative":[159],"such":[162],"AltBOC,":[164],"BOC(10,5),":[165],"OFDM,":[167],"analysis":[169],"reflects":[170],"that":[171,192],"flatter":[175],"PSD":[176,180],"main":[177],"lobe,":[178],"lower":[179],"maximum":[181],"value,":[182],"smaller":[184],"false":[185],"lock":[186],"probability.":[187],"Moreover,":[188],"it":[189],"shown":[191],"also":[194],"better":[196],"spectrum":[197],"efficiency,":[198],"tracking":[199],"performance,":[200,210],"anti-interference.":[202],"Due":[203],"excellent":[206],"provides":[212],"next":[219],"generation":[220],"signals.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}