{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387986850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3327926","title":"Blockchain-Based Intelligence Networking for Cooperative Positioning Towards Future Internet of Vehicles","display_name":"Blockchain-Based Intelligence Networking for Cooperative Positioning Towards Future Internet of Vehicles","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387986850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3327926"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3327926","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3327926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017461260","display_name":"Dajun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2711-5396"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dajun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100651614","display_name":"Wei Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-8350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025985903","display_name":"Marc St\u2010Hilaire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1470-0855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc St-Hilaire","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100693487","display_name":"Ruizhe Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0582-4079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruizhe Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017461260"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6686,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69314477,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"3","first_page":"3262","last_page":"3276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.685537576675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6632552146911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.6171859502792358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obstacle","display_name":"Obstacle","score":0.5403500199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.49942874908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.45722901821136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-exchange","display_name":"Information exchange","score":0.45556876063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4474944770336151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.38100746273994446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13119998574256897}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.685537576675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6632552146911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.6171859502792358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776650193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264661","display_name":"Obstacle","level":2,"score":0.5403500199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.49942874908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.45722901821136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189693848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031064","display_name":"Information exchange","level":2,"score":0.45556876063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4474944770336151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.38100746273994446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13119998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3327926","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3327926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6787929391","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN-2020-06482","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W2013608896","https://openalex.org/W2201581102","https://openalex.org/W2478820856","https://openalex.org/W2551869733","https://openalex.org/W2786681603","https://openalex.org/W2900892061","https://openalex.org/W2912561618","https://openalex.org/W2914374206","https://openalex.org/W2923810966","https://openalex.org/W2958991960","https://openalex.org/W2971569867","https://openalex.org/W2976008907","https://openalex.org/W2978169795","https://openalex.org/W2991002945","https://openalex.org/W2991164955","https://openalex.org/W3005070255","https://openalex.org/W3008785825","https://openalex.org/W3009832083","https://openalex.org/W3011576217","https://openalex.org/W3037361310","https://openalex.org/W3090958859","https://openalex.org/W3099274010","https://openalex.org/W3134445612","https://openalex.org/W3136170095","https://openalex.org/W3158289850","https://openalex.org/W3159693703","https://openalex.org/W3171911436","https://openalex.org/W3185507108","https://openalex.org/W3185560163","https://openalex.org/W4285122516","https://openalex.org/W6685444567","https://openalex.org/W6687681856"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2794103424","https://openalex.org/W1996530509","https://openalex.org/W3028317537","https://openalex.org/W2389515972","https://openalex.org/W4245435724","https://openalex.org/W2055301889","https://openalex.org/W2376554934","https://openalex.org/W2077790809","https://openalex.org/W1505959757","https://openalex.org/W2906246018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vehicular":[0],"Global":[1],"Positioning":[2,40],"System":[3],"(GPS)":[4],"is":[5,108],"an":[6,173],"essential":[7],"component":[8],"in":[9,60,78],"the":[10,13,23,64,89,96,99,102,116,130,140,159,196,212,215,220,228],"advancement":[11],"of":[12,15,26,62,95,104,132,145,217,222],"Internet":[14],"Vehicles":[16],"(IoV)":[17],"and":[18,66,93,162,172,184,203,226],"Intelligence":[19],"Networking":[20],"(IN).":[21],"However,":[22],"low":[24],"accuracy":[25,49,216],"current":[27],"GPS":[28],"remains":[29],"a":[30,73,79,122,137,169,178],"significant":[31],"obstacle":[32],"to":[33,45,50,57,128,150,200],"achieving":[34],"lane-level":[35],"positioning.":[36],"Although":[37],"existing":[38],"Cooperative":[39,76],"(CP)":[41],"approaches":[42],"have":[43],"managed":[44],"improve":[46],"vehicle":[47,218],"positioning":[48,90,106,131,152],"some":[51],"degree,":[52],"there":[53],"are":[54],"still":[55],"obstacles":[56],"be":[58],"overcome":[59],"terms":[61],"enhancing":[63,88],"timeliness":[65],"security.":[67],"In":[68,98],"this":[69],"paper,":[70],"we":[71],"introduce":[72],"novel":[74],"Blockchain-based":[75],"Mechanism":[77],"Connected":[80],"Autonomous":[81],"Vehicle":[82],"(CAV)":[83],"environment":[84],"(BCM-CAV),":[85],"aimed":[86],"at":[87],"error,":[91],"timeliness,":[92,225],"safety":[94],"CP.":[97],"BCM-CAV":[100,166,197,213],"framework,":[101],"model":[103,120,138],"trajectory":[105,143],"error":[107,144],"designed":[109],"using":[110],"multiple":[111,146],"Traffic":[112],"Signs":[113],"(TS)":[114],"as":[115],"reference":[117],"points.":[118],"This":[119],"uses":[121],"Dueling":[123],"Neural":[124],"Network":[125],"(DNN)":[126],"architecture":[127],"correct":[129],"CAVs.":[133],"Furthermore,":[134],"We":[135,189],"devise":[136],"for":[139,154],"average":[141],"position":[142],"vehicles":[147,156],"that":[148,194,211],"aims":[149],"minimize":[151],"errors":[153],"common":[155,181],"traveling":[157],"within":[158],"same":[160],"region":[161],"road":[163],"segment.":[164],"The":[165],"framework":[167],"encompasses":[168],"blockchain":[170],"subsystem":[171],"IoV":[174],"subsystem,":[175],"thereby":[176],"establishing":[177],"connection":[179],"between":[180],"vehicles,":[182],"CAVs,":[183],"Road":[185],"Side":[186],"Units":[187],"(RSUs).":[188],"design":[190],"different":[191],"smart":[192],"contracts":[193],"satisfy":[195],"sharing":[198],"mechanism":[199],"guarantee":[201],"secure":[202],"efficient":[204],"information":[205,223],"exchange.":[206],"Finally,":[207],"simulation":[208],"results":[209],"demonstrate":[210],"enhances":[214],"positioning,":[219],"security":[221],"exchange,":[224],"reduces":[227],"computational":[229],"cost.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
