{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367663438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3272019","title":"Reliability Analysis of CTCS-3 Train-Ground Communication System Based on 5G-R","display_name":"Reliability Analysis of CTCS-3 Train-Ground Communication System Based on 5G-R","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367663438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3272019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3272019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3272019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049908187","display_name":"Bin Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9376-1057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Center of Railway Safety Assessment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Railway Industry of Broadband Mobile Information communications, Beijing, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of Railway Traffic Safety, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9376-1057","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Center of Railway Safety Assessment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Railway Industry of Broadband Mobile Information communications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Railway Traffic Safety, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083954629","display_name":"Yue Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-6906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-6906","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086504064","display_name":"Yaojia Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaojia Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing HollySys System Engineering Company, Ltd, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing HollySys System Engineering Company, Ltd, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100678170","display_name":"Jintao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2215-2649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jintao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Center of Railway Safety Assessment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Center of Railway Safety Assessment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100620739","display_name":"Bo Ai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-0595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Ai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing, China","Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-0595","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350955","display_name":"Zhangdui Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8889-7374"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangdui Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of Railway Traffic Safety, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8889-7374","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Railway Traffic Safety, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101959773","display_name":"Xiaofang Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-0475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofang Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-0475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100618818","display_name":"Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6628-3408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098582","display_name":"ZTE (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00rjhhq63","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098582"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767749","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Mobile Networks and Mobile Multimedia Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05cd55294","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098582","https://openalex.org/I4391767749"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology, Shenzhen, China","ZTE Corporation, Xian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265","https://openalex.org/I4391767749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ZTE Corporation, Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098582"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.294,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8883552,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"10","first_page":"12927","last_page":"12940"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13615","display_name":"Transportation Systems and Safety","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.611589252948761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handover","display_name":"Handover","score":0.6094360947608948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.46934473514556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.46174412965774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4351986050605774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petri-net","display_name":"Petri net","score":0.4255450963973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.36027801036834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3486061692237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2419382929801941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23260995745658875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1528765857219696}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.611589252948761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111852164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414679","display_name":"Handover","level":2,"score":0.6094360947608948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.46934473514556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.46174412965774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4351986050605774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38677869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q724168","display_name":"Petri net","level":2,"score":0.4255450963973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.36027801036834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3486061692237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2419382929801941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23260995745658875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1528765857219696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3272019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3272019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1288757955","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021QY007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1619626353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2081767737","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022JBXT001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5299652013","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"I21L00220","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313887","funder_display_name":"ZTE Corporation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6154476060","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"I23L00010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313887","funder_display_name":"ZTE Corporation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G818048130","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313887","display_name":"ZTE Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/00rjhhq63"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W70647522","https://openalex.org/W1606584351","https://openalex.org/W1936392928","https://openalex.org/W1976103884","https://openalex.org/W1976453480","https://openalex.org/W1976744655","https://openalex.org/W2062386131","https://openalex.org/W2072488475","https://openalex.org/W2075471388","https://openalex.org/W2127038494","https://openalex.org/W2130644037","https://openalex.org/W2137490213","https://openalex.org/W2138986707","https://openalex.org/W2287774287","https://openalex.org/W2371360785","https://openalex.org/W2508720818","https://openalex.org/W2519805995","https://openalex.org/W2782081536","https://openalex.org/W2787292837","https://openalex.org/W2884363217","https://openalex.org/W2885938066","https://openalex.org/W2887521425","https://openalex.org/W2891364555","https://openalex.org/W2912003728","https://openalex.org/W2913561706","https://openalex.org/W2945922882","https://openalex.org/W2970461595","https://openalex.org/W2973763294","https://openalex.org/W3005691530","https://openalex.org/W3016314492","https://openalex.org/W3029554135","https://openalex.org/W3038208462","https://openalex.org/W3093680245","https://openalex.org/W3129433628","https://openalex.org/W3131452400","https://openalex.org/W3132383197","https://openalex.org/W3135437846","https://openalex.org/W3174755280","https://openalex.org/W4244610540"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2520149731","https://openalex.org/W1551257573","https://openalex.org/W4230983483","https://openalex.org/W2132799268","https://openalex.org/W1980200158","https://openalex.org/W2154794415","https://openalex.org/W791317142","https://openalex.org/W1981519115","https://openalex.org/W1985631144","https://openalex.org/W2109094990"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,24,64,148],"reliability":[1,135,173,213],"of":[2,14,22,47,70,84,100,112,136,144,174,197,214],"Chinese":[3],"Train":[4],"Control":[5],"System":[6],"Level":[7],"3":[8],"(CTCS-3)":[9],"train-ground":[10,35,44,54,104,138,176,204],"communication":[11,36,45,91,101,105,139,177,205,218],"system":[12,140,178],"is":[13,32,57,162,169,209],"great":[15],"importance":[16],"to":[17,89,130],"ensure":[18],"the":[19,38,43,68,75,82,90,110,117,134,137,142,154,159,166,172,175,195,198,203,212,215],"safe":[20],"operation":[21],"trains.":[23],"fifth":[25],"Generation":[26],"Mobile":[27],"Communication":[28],"for":[29,34,202],"Railway":[30],"(5G-R)":[31],"prospective":[33],"in":[37,153],"future.":[39],"In":[40],"this":[41],"article,":[42],"procedure":[46],"5G-R":[48,181],"(e.g.,":[49],"connection":[50],"reestablishment,":[51],"handover":[52,76,156],"and":[53,94,103,120,132,165],"data":[55,119],"transmission)":[56],"tested":[58],"by":[59],"a":[60],"semi-physical":[61],"simulation":[62],"platform.":[63],"test":[65,118],"results,":[66],"including":[67],"delay":[69],"different":[71],"procedures":[72],"together":[73],"with":[74,116],"success":[77],"rate,":[78],"all":[79],"can":[80,182],"satisfy":[81],"quality":[83],"service":[85],"(QoS)":[86],"requirements.":[87],"According":[88],"procedure,":[92],"deterministic":[93],"stochastic":[95],"Petri":[96],"net":[97],"(DSPN)":[98],"models":[99,113],"links":[102],"scenarios":[106],"are":[107,114],"established.":[108],"Furthermore,":[109],"parameters":[111],"calibrated":[115],"protocol":[121],"standards.":[122],"We":[123],"utilize":[124],"<inline-formula":[125,186],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[126,187],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[127,188],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\pi$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[128],"-tool":[129],"simulate":[131],"analyze":[133],"under":[141],"interaction":[143],"multiple":[145],"fault":[146],"factors.":[147],"results":[149],"show":[150],"that":[151],"even":[152],"worst":[155],"scenario":[157],"where":[158],"station":[160],"distance":[161],"1":[163],"km":[164],"train":[167,199],"speed":[168],"400":[170],"km/h,":[171],"based":[179,217],"on":[180],"still":[183],"reach":[184],"99.9963":[185],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[189],".":[190],"It":[191],"not":[192],"only":[193],"meets":[194],"requirements":[196],"control":[200],"services":[201],"system,":[206],"but":[207],"also":[208],"better":[210],"than":[211],"GSM-R":[216],"system.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}