{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4318028206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3243358","title":"BEST-RIM: A mmWave Beam Steering Approach Based on Computer Vision-Enhanced Reconfigurable Intelligent Metasurfaces","display_name":"BEST-RIM: A mmWave Beam Steering Approach Based on Computer Vision-Enhanced Reconfigurable Intelligent Metasurfaces","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4318028206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3243358"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3243358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3243358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044507011","display_name":"Val\u00e9ria Loscr\u00ec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2558-1801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138412","display_name":"Centre Inria de l'Universit\u00e9 de Lille","ror":"https://ror.org/04eej9726","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210138412"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Valeria Loscr\u00ed","raw_affiliation_strings":["FUN Team, Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FUN Team, Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052575328","display_name":"Carola Rizza","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138412","display_name":"Centre Inria de l'Universit\u00e9 de Lille","ror":"https://ror.org/04eej9726","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210138412"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carola Rizza","raw_affiliation_strings":["FUN Team, Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FUN Team, Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060341203","display_name":"Abderrahim Benslimane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-6132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198415970","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse","ror":"https://ror.org/00mfpxb84","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198415970"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abderrahim Benslimane","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Avignon, Avignon, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Avignon, Avignon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198415970"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074303469","display_name":"Anna Maria Vegni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3069-298X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","display_name":"Roma Tre University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf0dg29","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Maria Vegni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial, Electronics and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial, Electronics and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020513013","display_name":"Eros Innocenti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7793-4974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801039369","display_name":"Marconi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j0rk173","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801039369"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eros Innocenti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, Guglielmo Marconi University, Roma, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, Guglielmo Marconi University, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801039369"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011306308","display_name":"Romeo Giuliano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801039369","display_name":"Marconi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j0rk173","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801039369"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Romeo Giuliano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, Guglielmo Marconi University, Roma, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, Guglielmo Marconi University, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801039369"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044507011"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138412"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0854,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86825224,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"6","first_page":"7613","last_page":"7626"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7146490812301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6810725331306458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"Beam steering","score":0.6769058704376221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.5089919567108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.46200650930404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.45505672693252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4489195644855499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.4474680721759796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.4346272051334381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.33952516317367554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.321283221244812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1705956757068634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1614060401916504}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7146490812301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6810725331306458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.6769058704376221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5089919567108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.46200650930404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.45505672693252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4489195644855499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4474680721759796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.4346272051334381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33952516317367554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.321283221244812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1705956757068634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1614060401916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3243358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3243358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W635250944","https://openalex.org/W1504983838","https://openalex.org/W2009447832","https://openalex.org/W2016999686","https://openalex.org/W2082432933","https://openalex.org/W2158698691","https://openalex.org/W2315907656","https://openalex.org/W2419972896","https://openalex.org/W2536076834","https://openalex.org/W2541405589","https://openalex.org/W2615358882","https://openalex.org/W2752301918","https://openalex.org/W2793900270","https://openalex.org/W2794344156","https://openalex.org/W2797024182","https://openalex.org/W2805166665","https://openalex.org/W2901450205","https://openalex.org/W2962944637","https://openalex.org/W2963135408","https://openalex.org/W2963460596","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2996068556","https://openalex.org/W3000577820","https://openalex.org/W3033831622","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3045813453","https://openalex.org/W3080580814","https://openalex.org/W3084173793","https://openalex.org/W3088566444","https://openalex.org/W3101830715","https://openalex.org/W3120117232","https://openalex.org/W3126962245","https://openalex.org/W3130437501","https://openalex.org/W3130736413","https://openalex.org/W3168739648","https://openalex.org/W3170370018","https://openalex.org/W3175086488","https://openalex.org/W3177820584","https://openalex.org/W3185977075","https://openalex.org/W3216352253","https://openalex.org/W4200632633","https://openalex.org/W4210269183","https://openalex.org/W4226200099","https://openalex.org/W4281942098"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2135356811","https://openalex.org/W3007982026","https://openalex.org/W4308082816","https://openalex.org/W2790247774","https://openalex.org/W2527795244","https://openalex.org/W2092190789","https://openalex.org/W2158247400","https://openalex.org/W2034837283","https://openalex.org/W2187863268","https://openalex.org/W2355070585"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,31,90],"this":[1,54],"work,":[2],"we":[3,33,193],"consider":[4],"Reconfigurable":[5],"Intelligent":[6],"Meta-surfaces":[7],"(RIMs)":[8],"to":[9,57,106,120,128,142],"provide":[10],"effective":[11],"beam":[12],"steering":[13],"functionality,":[14],"while":[15],"enhancing":[16],"the":[17,20,37,59,72,86,92,110,114,124,130,144,155,163,181,184,189,195,200,204],"coverage":[18,174],"of":[19,53,63,75,116,123,157,165,169],"fifth":[21],"generation":[22],"(5G)":[23],"users":[24],"in":[25,36,108,126,176],"a":[26,76,97,101,136,158,167],"urban":[27],"city":[28],"mobility":[29],"context.":[30],"particular,":[32,91],"enable":[34],"communications":[35],"millimeter":[38],"wave":[39],"(mmWave)":[40],"frequencies,":[41],"that":[42],"can":[43],"occur":[44],"simultaneously":[45],"with":[46,171],"other":[47],"5G":[48],"communications.":[49],"The":[50],"main":[51],"objective":[52],"paper":[55],"is":[56,140,197],"demonstrate":[58,194],"feasibility":[60,164],"and":[61,206],"advantages":[62],"an":[64,172],"integrated":[65],"Computed":[66],"Vision":[67],"(CV)":[68],"approach":[69],"for":[70,149],"tuning":[71],"meta-atom":[73],"states":[74,118],"RIM":[77],"structure":[78],"working":[79],"at":[80],"mmWave":[81,190],"frequency":[82],"band,":[83],"without":[84],"estimating":[85],"interferes'":[87],"radio":[88],"channel.":[89],"CV":[93,159,205],"system":[94,196],"will":[95],"feed":[96],"logic":[98],"unit":[99],"running":[100],"Machine":[102],"Learning":[103],"(ML)":[104],"algorithm":[105],"compute":[107],"real-time":[109],"coding":[111],"schemes,":[112],"namely":[113],"sequence":[115],"binary":[117],"associated":[119],"each":[121],"unit-cell":[122],"RIM,":[125],"order":[127],"obtain":[129],"target":[131],"reconfigurable":[132],"radiation":[133,147],"pattern.":[134],"Specifically,":[135],"Genetic":[137],"Algorithm":[138],"(GA)":[139],"introduced":[141,187,202],"derive":[143],"most":[145],"suitable":[146],"pattern":[148],"Beam":[150],"Steering":[151],"application,":[152],"based":[153],"on":[154],"input":[156],"infrastructure.":[160],"Results":[161],"show":[162],"such":[166],"kind":[168],"system,":[170],"higher":[173],"achieved":[175],"dense":[177],"scenarios,":[178],"by":[179,188,203],"improving":[180],"robustness":[182],"against":[183,199],"potential":[185],"blockages":[186],"technology.":[191],"Moreover,":[192],"robust":[198],"inaccuracy":[201],"GA.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}