{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4366259175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3230423","title":"Pilot Optimization and Channel Estimation for Two-Way Relaying Network Aided by IRS With Finite Discrete Phase Shifters","display_name":"Pilot Optimization and Channel Estimation for Two-Way Relaying Network Aided by IRS With Finite Discrete Phase Shifters","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4366259175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3230423"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3230423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3230423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078748592","display_name":"Zhongwen Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongwen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055225658","display_name":"Xuehui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1090-5650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuehui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1090-5650","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058207438","display_name":"Siling Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8627-2028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siling Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8627-2028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048235064","display_name":"Xinrong Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-664X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinrong Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications Engineering College, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-664X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications Engineering College, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044969631","display_name":"Feng Shu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0073-1965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Shu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0073-1965","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029002143","display_name":"Jiangzhou Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0881-3594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangzhou Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0881-3594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2776,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79272924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"4","first_page":"5502","last_page":"5507"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9764999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6774768829345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.6267985701560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-fourier-transform","display_name":"Discrete Fourier transform (general)","score":0.6257637739181519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.5454772114753723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hadamard-transform","display_name":"Hadamard transform","score":0.538425087928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5224734544754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.5213383436203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4984447956085205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.494655579328537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hadamard-matrix","display_name":"Hadamard matrix","score":0.427977979183197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4267277121543884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.39739885926246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3890937566757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3793759346008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.36328020691871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3564003109931946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28600290417671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.21866139769554138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2025027871131897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12405353784561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.1136811375617981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10835009813308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractional-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","score":0.10633352398872375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.1061602234840393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-analysis","display_name":"Fourier analysis","score":0.07843160629272461}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6774768829345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.6267985701560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57733114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006032","display_name":"Discrete Fourier transform (general)","level":5,"score":0.6257637739181519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5454772114753723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60292330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1014065","display_name":"Hadamard transform","level":2,"score":0.538425087928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5224734544754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.5213383436203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4984447956085205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.494655579328537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30463267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1422682","display_name":"Hadamard matrix","level":3,"score":0.427977979183197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4267277121543884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.39739885926246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3890937566757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3793759346008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.36328020691871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3564003109931946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28600290417671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.21866139769554138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2025027871131897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12405353784561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.1136811375617981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10835009813308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76563020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817582","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","level":4,"score":0.10633352398872375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.1061602234840393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203024314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365258","display_name":"Fourier analysis","level":3,"score":0.07843160629272461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3230423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3230423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G343839039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KYQD(ZR)-21008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323370","funder_display_name":"Hainan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5468035466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22A2002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7701723719","display_name":"\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u62df\u6570\u5b57\u7ed3\u6784\u7a7a\u95f4\u8c03\u5236\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62071234","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323370","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2155211041","https://openalex.org/W2588372082","https://openalex.org/W2979785955","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3008356568","https://openalex.org/W3010695123","https://openalex.org/W3033291036","https://openalex.org/W3045295509","https://openalex.org/W3045793887","https://openalex.org/W3089248281","https://openalex.org/W3103991536","https://openalex.org/W3105416149","https://openalex.org/W3111243561","https://openalex.org/W3129922062","https://openalex.org/W3154003282","https://openalex.org/W3185268715","https://openalex.org/W3196301575","https://openalex.org/W3201170019","https://openalex.org/W3205785886","https://openalex.org/W4281260179"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038981428","https://openalex.org/W1976224891","https://openalex.org/W2768335563","https://openalex.org/W3154819821","https://openalex.org/W2740724818","https://openalex.org/W1971692815","https://openalex.org/W2054788067","https://openalex.org/W3118766198","https://openalex.org/W2010617738","https://openalex.org/W1995950135"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,30],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,190],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,39,62,71,92,99,122,153,174],"problem":[6,37],"of":[7,13,66,114,127,181],"pilot":[8,69,80],"optimization":[9],"and":[10,45,47,53,68,89,103,136,187],"channel":[11,115],"estimation":[12],"two-way":[14],"relaying":[15],"network":[16],"(TWRN)":[17],"aided":[18],"by":[19,82],"an":[20],"intelligent":[21],"reflecting":[22],"surface":[23],"(IRS)":[24],"with":[25,56,155],"finite":[26,157],"discrete":[27,137,156],"phase":[28,64,124,158,170,196],"shifters.":[29],"a":[31,35,204],"TWRN,":[32],"there":[33],"exists":[34],"challenging":[36],"that":[38,192],"two":[40,48,72,100,104,132,146],"cascading":[41,73,101],"channels":[42,50,74,102],"from":[43,51],"User1-to-IRS-to-relay":[44],"User2-to-IRS-to-relay":[46],"direct":[49,105],"User1-to-relay":[52],"User2-to-relay":[54],"interfere":[55],"each":[57],"other.":[58],"Via":[59],"smartly":[60],"designing":[61],"initial":[63],"shifts":[65],"IRS":[67,128,154,182,201],"pattern,":[70],"are":[75,117,142,198],"separated":[76],"over":[77],"only":[78,168],"four":[79],"sequences":[81],"using":[83],"simple":[84],"arithmetic":[85],"operations":[86],"like":[87],"addition":[88],"subtraction.":[90],"Then,":[91,131],"least-squares":[93],"estimator":[94],"is":[95,129,160],"adopted":[96],"to":[97,144,172,202],"estimate":[98],"channels.":[106],"The":[107,164],"corresponding":[108],"sum":[109],"mean":[110],"square":[111],"errors":[112],"(MSE)":[113],"estimators":[116],"derived.":[118],"By":[119],"minimizing":[120],"Sum-MSE,":[121],"optimal":[123,147,175],"shift":[125],"matrix":[126,141,166],"proved.":[130],"special":[133],"matrices":[134,149],"Hadamard":[135,165],"Fourier":[138],"transform":[139],"(DFT)":[140],"shown":[143],"be":[145],"training":[148],"for":[150,178,200,209],"IRS.":[151],"Furthermore,":[152],"shifters":[159,171,197],"taken":[161],"into":[162],"account.":[163],"requires":[167],"one-bit":[169],"achieve":[173,203],"Sum-MSE":[176],"performance":[177,207],"specific":[179],"numbers":[180],"elements.":[183],"Using":[184],"theoretical":[185],"derivation":[186],"numerical":[188],"simulations,":[189],"find":[191],"3":[193],"or":[194],"4-bit":[195],"sufficient":[199],"negligible":[205],"MSE":[206],"loss":[208],"any":[210],"number.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
