{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4296079466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3207231","title":"Multi-Objective Optimization Framework of a Radial-Axial Hybrid Excitation Machine for Electric Vehicles","display_name":"Multi-Objective Optimization Framework of a Radial-Axial Hybrid Excitation Machine for Electric Vehicles","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4296079466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3207231"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3207231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3207231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101673065","display_name":"Xu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-1610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-1610","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047424771","display_name":"Ying Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-1901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-1901","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101596642","display_name":"Can Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8900-6868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Can Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000816945","display_name":"Zhanchuan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2927-7663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanchuan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2927-7663","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461247","display_name":"Christopher H. T. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5132-4126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher H. T. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5132-4126","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101673065"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2932,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7931534,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"2","first_page":"1638","last_page":"1648"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.7122210264205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-ripple","display_name":"Torque ripple","score":0.6690779328346252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","score":0.659503698348999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorting","display_name":"Sorting","score":0.5803529620170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ripple","display_name":"Ripple","score":0.5484122633934021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5357407927513123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-design","display_name":"Optimal design","score":0.5251738429069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.5215449333190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.47937658429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.46285122632980347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-machine","display_name":"Electric machine","score":0.45961257815361023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4425574541091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3268660306930542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3187812268733978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.28868168592453003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2722272276878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stator","display_name":"Stator","score":0.24408525228500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2381250262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.20533400774002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.12641829252243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11996316909790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.11204826831817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-torque-control","display_name":"Direct torque control","score":0.10349991917610168}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.7122210264205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779675184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7826797","display_name":"Torque ripple","level":5,"score":0.6690779328346252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.659503698348999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.5803529620170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779599953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776117","display_name":"Ripple","level":3,"score":0.5484122633934021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5357407927513123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186394612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098942","display_name":"Optimal design","level":2,"score":0.5251738429069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.5215449333190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.47937658429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.46285122632980347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777672618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q951504","display_name":"Electric machine","level":3,"score":0.45961257815361023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4425574541091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3268660306930542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3187812268733978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.28868168592453003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2722272276878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776529397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190312","display_name":"Stator","level":2,"score":0.24408525228500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2381250262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.20533400774002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.12641829252243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11996316909790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11204826831817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109871850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227571","display_name":"Direct torque control","level":4,"score":0.10349991917610168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80962145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207450","display_name":"Induction motor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3207231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3207231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4113675615","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51877043","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981814398","https://openalex.org/W2005112387","https://openalex.org/W2007101818","https://openalex.org/W2031052820","https://openalex.org/W2047489830","https://openalex.org/W2049972944","https://openalex.org/W2054799739","https://openalex.org/W2070480724","https://openalex.org/W2111939008","https://openalex.org/W2126603580","https://openalex.org/W2285663266","https://openalex.org/W2292279810","https://openalex.org/W2344421073","https://openalex.org/W2344498617","https://openalex.org/W2601228408","https://openalex.org/W2619103757","https://openalex.org/W2802358829","https://openalex.org/W2895151730","https://openalex.org/W2903139476","https://openalex.org/W2977089138","https://openalex.org/W3009182084","https://openalex.org/W3015154972","https://openalex.org/W3112257289","https://openalex.org/W3118799485","https://openalex.org/W6668056742"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229441739","https://openalex.org/W4303411445","https://openalex.org/W4207040089","https://openalex.org/W2384455639","https://openalex.org/W1519622926","https://openalex.org/W3109306766","https://openalex.org/W4286587111","https://openalex.org/W1567682273","https://openalex.org/W3010453361","https://openalex.org/W2129755766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,8,123],"multi-objective":[4],"optimization":[5,91],"framework":[6],"for":[7,59,86],"radial-axial":[9],"hybrid":[10],"excitation":[11],"machine":[12],"(RAHEM)":[13],"to":[14,30,38,99,112,127],"provide":[15],"higher":[16],"average":[17],"torque,":[18],"better":[19],"flux":[20],"regulation":[21],"ability":[22],"and":[23,119],"smaller":[24],"torque":[25],"ripple,":[26],"which":[27],"are":[28,40,67,81],"applied":[29],"electric":[31],"vehicles":[32],"(EVs).":[33],"The":[34,65,90],"design":[35],"variables":[36,80],"related":[37],"multiple-objective":[39],"analyzed":[41],"by":[42,83],"sensitivity":[43,62,78,84],"stratification.":[44],"Non-dominated":[45],"sorting":[46],"genetic":[47],"algorithm":[48],"II":[49],"(NSGA-II)":[50],"based":[51],"on":[52],"response":[53],"surface":[54],"model":[55],"(RSM)":[56],"is":[57,110,125],"adopted":[58],"the":[60,70,76,94,101,114,129,132],"high":[61],"layer":[63,79],"variable.":[64],"advantages":[66],"selected":[68],"with":[69],"pareto":[71],"optimal":[72,102,120],"solutions":[73],"(POS),":[74],"while":[75],"low":[77],"optimized":[82],"ranking":[85],"single":[87],"parameter":[88],"scanning.":[89],"function":[92],"compares":[93],"two":[95],"sensitive":[96],"layers":[97],"results":[98],"obtain":[100],"design.":[103],"Three-dimensional":[104],"(3-D)":[105],"finite":[106],"element":[107],"analysis":[108],"(FEA)":[109],"used":[111],"compare":[113],"electromagnetic":[115],"performance":[116],"of":[117,131],"initial":[118],"designs.":[121],"Finally,":[122],"prototype":[124],"manufactured":[126],"verify":[128],"effectiveness":[130],"proposed":[133],"framework.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
