{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221162823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3195776","title":"Spectral Efficiency of Unicast and Multigroup Multicast Transmission in Cell-Free Distributed Massive MIMO Systems","display_name":"Spectral Efficiency of Unicast and Multigroup Multicast Transmission in Cell-Free Distributed Massive MIMO Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221162823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3195776"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3195776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3195776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100730414","display_name":"Jiamin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3566-7855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiamin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4527-3147","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014933916","display_name":"Qijun Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0735-9676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qijun Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0735-9676","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038271968","display_name":"Zhenggang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0898-035X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenggang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0898-035X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050166453","display_name":"Pengcheng Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9867-7041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengcheng Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9867-7041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100737019","display_name":"Dongming Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2762-6567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2762-6567","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072916702","display_name":"Xiaohu You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohu You","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-8511","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100730414"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.385,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79956751,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"12","first_page":"12826","last_page":"12839"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicast","display_name":"Multicast","score":0.8284833431243896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unicast","display_name":"Unicast","score":0.8058683276176453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.7994499206542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6395424008369446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6178112626075745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6161342859268188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5609413981437683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.556342363357544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.5353361368179321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5141570568084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4518546164035797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4499437212944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-mean-square-error","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","score":0.41635048389434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.406720906496048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3420356512069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2441171109676361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24188369512557983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1523193120956421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10062628984451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.08637934923171997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32295351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899288","display_name":"Multicast","level":2,"score":0.8284833431243896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11704745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918337","display_name":"Unicast","level":3,"score":0.8058683276176453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.7994499206542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6395424008369446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6178112626075745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6161342859268188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5609413981437683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.556342363357544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5353361368179321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5141570568084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4518546164035797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4499437212944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90652560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11091747","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","level":3,"score":0.41635048389434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.406720906496048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3420356512069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2441171109676361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24188369512557983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1523193120956421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10062628984451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.08637934923171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3195776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3195776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G281127615","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u80fd\u91cf\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f20\u611f\u7f51\u80fd\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u5efa\u6a21\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871465","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3554749734","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u7684\u5bc6\u96c6\u5206\u5e03\u5f0fMIMO\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f20\u8f93\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871122","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4462495405","display_name":"\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u65e0\u7ebf\u56de\u4f20\u5bc6\u96c6\u5206\u5e03\u5f0fMIMO\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61971127","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540562499","https://openalex.org/W1637411323","https://openalex.org/W1971443733","https://openalex.org/W1981044874","https://openalex.org/W2038329885","https://openalex.org/W2105056110","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2140578794","https://openalex.org/W2169363112","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2289191545","https://openalex.org/W2564930079","https://openalex.org/W2589647989","https://openalex.org/W2739040955","https://openalex.org/W2753160534","https://openalex.org/W2762160885","https://openalex.org/W2784115604","https://openalex.org/W2794365014","https://openalex.org/W2804119529","https://openalex.org/W2883219835","https://openalex.org/W2906770588","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2927031925","https://openalex.org/W2936465177","https://openalex.org/W2938548345","https://openalex.org/W2943093986","https://openalex.org/W2943168575","https://openalex.org/W2964042011","https://openalex.org/W2982577521","https://openalex.org/W2984884920","https://openalex.org/W2987021817","https://openalex.org/W2991370079","https://openalex.org/W2993129648","https://openalex.org/W2998514310","https://openalex.org/W3004382263","https://openalex.org/W3007288074","https://openalex.org/W3081971745","https://openalex.org/W3082876858","https://openalex.org/W3099069205","https://openalex.org/W3099599063","https://openalex.org/W3100767898","https://openalex.org/W3104609710","https://openalex.org/W3111809517","https://openalex.org/W3119434305","https://openalex.org/W3131250638","https://openalex.org/W3154888594","https://openalex.org/W3158832185","https://openalex.org/W3159641161"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116541631","https://openalex.org/W2167568384","https://openalex.org/W2514205366","https://openalex.org/W3173074004","https://openalex.org/W1976511355","https://openalex.org/W2544668827","https://openalex.org/W2082469387","https://openalex.org/W1985632843","https://openalex.org/W4311950697","https://openalex.org/W2101989320"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"we":[3,38,81],"consider":[4],"a":[5,90,126],"joint":[6,158],"unicast":[7,50,111,159],"and":[8,29,51,72,105,131,153,160,178],"multi-group":[9],"multicast":[10,52,103,162],"cell-free":[11,166],"distributed":[12,167],"massive":[13,168],"multiple-input":[14],"multiple-output":[15],"(MIMO)":[16],"system,":[17],"while":[18],"accounting":[19],"for":[20,49,61,191],"co-pilot":[21,35],"assignment":[22,36],"strategy":[23],"based":[24],"channel":[25,44],"estimation,":[26],"pilot":[27],"contamination":[28],"different":[30],"precoding":[31],"schemes.":[32],"Under":[33],"the":[34,40,55,58,97,107,121,146,149,154,157,179],"strategy,":[37],"derive":[39],"minimum-mean-square":[41],"error":[42],"(MMSE)":[43],"state":[45],"information":[46],"(CSI)":[47],"estimation":[48],"users.":[53],"Given":[54],"acquired":[56],"CSI,":[57],"closed-form":[59,151],"expressions":[60,152],"downlink":[62],"achievable":[63],"rates":[64],"with":[65,113],"maximum":[66],"ratio":[67],"transmission":[68,163],"(MRT),":[69],"zero-forcing":[70],"(ZF)":[71],"MMSE":[73],"beamforming":[74],"are":[75],"derived.":[76],"Based":[77],"on":[78],"these":[79,183],"expressions,":[80],"propose":[82],"an":[83,134],"efficient":[84],"power":[85],"allocation":[86],"scheme":[87,164],"by":[88,133],"solving":[89],"multi-objective":[91],"optimization":[92,186],"problem":[93,130],"(MOOP)":[94],"between":[95,182],"maximizing":[96,106],"minimum":[98],"spectral":[99],"efficiency":[100],"(SE)":[101],"of":[102,110,148,156],"users":[104,112],"average":[108],"SE":[109,172],"non-dominated":[114],"sorting":[115],"genetic":[116],"algorithm":[117],"II":[118],"(NSGA-II).":[119],"Moreover,":[120],"MOOP":[122],"is":[123],"converted":[124],"into":[125],"deep":[127],"learning":[128,136],"(DL)":[129],"solved":[132],"unsupervised":[135],"method":[137],"to":[138],"further":[139],"promote":[140],"computational":[141],"efficiency.":[142],"Numerical":[143],"results":[144],"verify":[145],"accuracy":[147],"derived":[150],"effectiveness":[155],"multigroup":[161],"in":[165],"MIMO":[169],"systems.":[170],"The":[171],"analysis":[173],"under":[174],"various":[175],"system":[176,192],"parameters":[177],"trade-off":[180],"regions":[181],"two":[184],"conflicting":[185],"objectives":[187],"offers":[188],"numerous":[189],"flexibilities":[190],"optimization.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}