{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280558628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3184172","title":"Cell-Free mmWave Massive MIMO Systems With Low-Capacity Fronthaul Links and Low-Resolution ADC/DACs","display_name":"Cell-Free mmWave Massive MIMO Systems With Low-Capacity Fronthaul Links and Low-Resolution ADC/DACs","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280558628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3184172"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3184172","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3184172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.07598","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101551438","display_name":"In-Soo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4068-1053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"In-soo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4068-1053","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061429095","display_name":"Mehdi Bennis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0261-0171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Bennis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0261-0171","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065248740","display_name":"Junil Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junil Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9020","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1805,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92438304,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"10","first_page":"10512","last_page":"10526"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.7029316425323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebook","display_name":"Codebook","score":0.679650604724884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6510320901870728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6474752426147461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.6030027866363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.5925903916358948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.584516704082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.5380274057388306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4879569411277771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.47010940313339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-ran","display_name":"C-RAN","score":0.4695117175579071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.46024081110954285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.4519306719303131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.32517391443252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2861986756324768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2689635753631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-access-network","display_name":"Radio access network","score":0.25581830739974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.2133067548274994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20585864782333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18962085247039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08766993880271912}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.7029316425323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127759330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637416","display_name":"Codebook","level":2,"score":0.679650604724884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6510320901870728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6474752426147461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6030027866363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.5925903916358948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.584516704082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.5380274057388306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4879569411277771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.47010940313339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779765720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5005908","display_name":"C-RAN","level":5,"score":0.4695117175579071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.46024081110954285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.4519306719303131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.32517391443252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2861986756324768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2689635753631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.25581830739974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2133067548274994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20585864782333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18962085247039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08766993880271912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3184172","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3184172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2205.07598","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.07598","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.07598","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2205.07598","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.07598","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.07598","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3405749784","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021R1A6A3A13045215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312071","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Libya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312071","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Libya","ror":"https://ror.org/02w030k33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W285471286","https://openalex.org/W1521591241","https://openalex.org/W1883445285","https://openalex.org/W1978842364","https://openalex.org/W1980683220","https://openalex.org/W1991608775","https://openalex.org/W2016999686","https://openalex.org/W2056129277","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2100459091","https://openalex.org/W2109808436","https://openalex.org/W2111285828","https://openalex.org/W2114691954","https://openalex.org/W2132702454","https://openalex.org/W2144094762","https://openalex.org/W2158057034","https://openalex.org/W2161044775","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2291159204","https://openalex.org/W2559695533","https://openalex.org/W2582328874","https://openalex.org/W2593893328","https://openalex.org/W2608052163","https://openalex.org/W2610350904","https://openalex.org/W2611749634","https://openalex.org/W2754625146","https://openalex.org/W2792650514","https://openalex.org/W2922989912","https://openalex.org/W2937125607","https://openalex.org/W2962123958","https://openalex.org/W2963116507","https://openalex.org/W2963718773","https://openalex.org/W2964003927","https://openalex.org/W2966223819","https://openalex.org/W2974046131","https://openalex.org/W2985994751","https://openalex.org/W3037639361","https://openalex.org/W3091852078","https://openalex.org/W3114453971","https://openalex.org/W3163834447","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W6631398929","https://openalex.org/W6639258120"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3040656210","https://openalex.org/W2123156148","https://openalex.org/W2014264654","https://openalex.org/W2791638519","https://openalex.org/W4327983820","https://openalex.org/W2238502947","https://openalex.org/W2511268924","https://openalex.org/W3118484777","https://openalex.org/W2588899857","https://openalex.org/W4214571564"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,35,92,160],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,75,120,147],"consider":[4,76],"the":[5,43,51,56,77,81,90,94,109,122,130,135,156,162,172,184,193,196,207,210,216,232,236,251],"uplink":[6],"channel":[7,131],"estimation":[8,132],"phase":[9,14],"and":[10,29,84,97,113,137,141,175,224,241,245],"downlink":[11],"data":[12],"transmission":[13,199],"of":[15,64,209,221,250],"cell-free":[16,36,68],"millimeter":[17],"wave":[18],"(mmWave)":[19],"massive":[20,37,69],"multiple-input":[21],"multiple-output":[22],"(MIMO)":[23],"systems":[24],"with":[25,55,71],"low-capacity":[26],"fronthaul":[27,60,73,82,95],"links":[28],"low-resolution":[30],"analog-to-digital":[31],"converters/digital-to-analog":[32],"converters":[33],"(ADC/DACs).":[34],"MIMO,":[38],"a":[39,47],"control":[40,57],"unit":[41,58],"dictates":[42],"baseband":[44],"processing":[45],"at":[46],"geographical":[48],"scale,":[49],"while":[50],"base":[52],"stations":[53],"communicate":[54],"through":[59],"links.":[61],"Unlike":[62],"most":[63],"previous":[65],"works":[66],"in":[67,219],"MIMO":[70],"finite-capacity":[72],"links,":[74],"general":[78],"case":[79],"where":[80,102],"capacity":[83],"ADC/DAC":[85,98],"resolution":[86],"are":[87],"not":[88],"necessarily":[89],"same.":[91],"particular,":[93],"compression":[96,143],"quantization":[99,115],"occur":[100],"independently":[101],"each":[103],"one":[104,194],"is":[105,188,213],"modeled":[106],"based":[107],"on":[108],"information":[110],"theoretic":[111],"argument":[112],"additive":[114],"noise":[116,144],"model":[117],"(AQNM).":[118],"Then,":[119],"address":[121],"codebook":[123,176],"design":[124,177],"problem":[125],"that":[126,169,231,249],"aims":[127],"to":[128,154,171,190],"minimize":[129],"error":[133],"for":[134,183,195,235],"independent":[136],"identically":[138],"distributed":[139],"(i.i.d.)":[140],"colored":[142],"cases.":[145],"Also,":[146],"propose":[148],"an":[149],"alternating":[150],"optimization":[151],"(AO)":[152],"method":[153,164,181],"tackle":[155],"max-min":[157],"fairness":[158],"problem.":[159],"essence,":[161],"AO":[163,180],"alternates":[165],"between":[166],"two":[167],"subproblems":[168],"correspond":[170],"power":[173],"allocation":[174],"problems.":[178],"The":[179,227],"proposed":[182,211,233],"zero-forcing":[185],"(ZF)":[186],"precoder":[187,201,238],"guaranteed":[189],"converge,":[191],"whereas":[192],"maximum":[197],"ratio":[198],"(MRT)":[200],"has":[202],"no":[203],"such":[204],"guarantee.":[205],"Finally,":[206],"performance":[208],"schemes":[212],"evaluated":[214],"by":[215],"simulation":[217],"results":[218,229],"terms":[220],"both":[222],"energy":[223,242],"spectral":[225,240],"efficiency.":[226],"numerical":[228],"show":[230],"scheme":[234],"ZF":[237],"yields":[239],"efficiency":[243],"28%":[244],"15%":[246],"higher":[247],"than":[248],"best":[252],"baseline.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}