{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3191797435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3170556","title":"Joint Pilot Design and Channel Estimation Using Deep Residual Learning for Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Under Hardware Impairments","display_name":"Joint Pilot Design and Channel Estimation Using Deep Residual Learning for Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Under Hardware Impairments","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3191797435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3170556","mag":"3191797435"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3170556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3170556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086898579","display_name":"Byungju Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5155-392X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byungju Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5155-392X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081315657","display_name":"Won Joon Yun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0405-8843"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Won Joon Yun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0405-8843","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049202871","display_name":"Joongheon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-768X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joongheon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-768X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087836855","display_name":"Young\u2010Chai Ko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1043-9028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Chai Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1043-9028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6786,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83107503,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"7","first_page":"7599","last_page":"7612"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.7659282684326172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6981508135795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6977575421333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5138564109802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5070734024047852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.4979255199432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-mean-square-error","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","score":0.4935373067855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4738842844963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.45407143235206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3286142349243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23056122660636902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.17625468969345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14173486828804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1065712571144104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.7659282684326172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6981508135795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6977575421333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5138564109802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5070734024047852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.4979255199432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90652560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11091747","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","level":3,"score":0.4935373067855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4738842844963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.45407143235206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3286142349243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23056122660636902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17625468969345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14173486828804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1065712571144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3170556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3170556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71969449","https://openalex.org/W1525535255","https://openalex.org/W1676355938","https://openalex.org/W1971031702","https://openalex.org/W2023535408","https://openalex.org/W2105392125","https://openalex.org/W2114258467","https://openalex.org/W2121315337","https://openalex.org/W2138857742","https://openalex.org/W2142238976","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2147906061","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2320703891","https://openalex.org/W2343491855","https://openalex.org/W2422021507","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2539198515","https://openalex.org/W2739778833","https://openalex.org/W2753705661","https://openalex.org/W2921187277","https://openalex.org/W2950076231","https://openalex.org/W2962860833","https://openalex.org/W2963725279","https://openalex.org/W2967676686","https://openalex.org/W2971301300","https://openalex.org/W2979317621","https://openalex.org/W3004579445","https://openalex.org/W3009060018","https://openalex.org/W3011593776","https://openalex.org/W3035383808","https://openalex.org/W3048045154","https://openalex.org/W3059581582","https://openalex.org/W3082926577","https://openalex.org/W3097937532","https://openalex.org/W3100399470","https://openalex.org/W3110509662","https://openalex.org/W3112485184","https://openalex.org/W3128524297","https://openalex.org/W3129317433","https://openalex.org/W3157093784","https://openalex.org/W3187692631","https://openalex.org/W3205718659","https://openalex.org/W4206180546","https://openalex.org/W4212953210","https://openalex.org/W6680300913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313645560","https://openalex.org/W2274645452","https://openalex.org/W1999706086","https://openalex.org/W2521753262","https://openalex.org/W2585209928","https://openalex.org/W2075897667","https://openalex.org/W3125536267","https://openalex.org/W2907746047","https://openalex.org/W1997240170","https://openalex.org/W2073909383"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,27],"multi-cell":[1,174],"massive":[2,175],"multiple-input":[3],"multiple-output":[4],"(MIMO)":[5],"systems,":[6],"channel":[7,37,71,100,111,119,143,155,184],"estimation":[8,38,156,185,193],"is":[9,89,103],"deteriorated":[10],"by":[11,78,134],"pilot":[12,18,34,51,79,87,108,135,152,164,181,200],"contamination":[13,19,52,136,165,201],"and":[14,36,110,137,154,183],"the":[15,48,54,75,93,106,118,129,142,149,161,170,179,192,196],"effects":[16,49],"of":[17,50,56,98,131,163,199],"become":[20],"more":[21],"severe":[22],"due":[23],"to":[24,46,73,91,105,140],"hardware":[25,57],"impairments.":[26,58],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"we":[30,121],"propose":[31],"a":[32,62,83,123],"joint":[33,107,151,180],"design":[35,88,109,153,182],"based":[39,70,86],"on":[40],"deep":[41,84,124],"residual":[42,125],"learning":[43,85,115,126,189],"in":[44,173],"order":[45],"mitigate":[47],"under":[53],"consideration":[55],"We":[59],"first":[60],"investigate":[61],"conventional":[63,171],"linear":[64],"minimum":[65],"mean":[66,94],"square":[67,95],"error":[68,96],"(LMMSE)":[69],"estimator":[72,112],"suppress":[74],"interference":[76,132],"caused":[77,133],"contamination.":[80],"After":[81],"that,":[82],"proposed":[90,150],"minimize":[92],"(MSE)":[97],"LMMSE":[99],"estimation,":[101],"which":[102,127],"utilized":[104],"for":[113],"transfer":[114,188],"approach.":[116],"For":[117],"estimator,":[120],"use":[122],"extracts":[128],"features":[130],"eliminates":[138],"them":[139],"estimate":[141],"information.":[144],"Simulation":[145],"results":[146],"demonstrate":[147],"that":[148],"method":[157,186],"can":[158],"effectively":[159],"reduce":[160],"effect":[162],"as":[166,168],"well":[167],"outperforms":[169],"approach":[172],"MIMO":[176],"scenarios.":[177],"Moreover,":[178],"using":[187],"further":[190],"enhances":[191],"performance":[194],"when":[195],"prior":[197],"knowledge":[198],"cannot":[202],"be":[203],"exploited.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}