{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3099636798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3168392","title":"Physical Layer Security of Intelligent Reflective Surface Aided NOMA Networks","display_name":"Physical Layer Security of Intelligent Reflective Surface Aided NOMA Networks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3099636798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3168392","mag":"3099636798"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3168392","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3168392","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003576332","display_name":"Zhiqing Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2620-4514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqing Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2620-4514","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056671322","display_name":"Tianwei Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4742-122X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianwei Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4742-122X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076863392","display_name":"Yuanwei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6389-8941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6389-8941","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067509102","display_name":"Jiankang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5316-1711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9300472","display_name":"Bournemouth University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wwcw481","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9300472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiankang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bournemouth University, Poole, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5316-1711","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bournemouth University, Poole, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9300472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091122305","display_name":"Lajos Hanzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lajos Hanzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.761,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96204917,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"7","first_page":"7821","last_page":"7834"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12989","display_name":"Ocular Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9559999704360962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9332000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nakagami-distribution","display_name":"Nakagami distribution","score":0.7913037538528442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.6439883708953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.6348226070404053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.5827236175537109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5598914623260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-noise","display_name":"Artificial noise","score":0.5063287019729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4967346787452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.477236270904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.44776496291160583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.42842185497283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38532429933547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3737829923629761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3683511018753052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36243683099746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22566485404968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.10962939262390137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115098869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3258347","display_name":"Nakagami distribution","level":4,"score":0.7913037538528442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.6439883708953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.6348226070404053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.5827236175537109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5598914623260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801092","display_name":"Artificial noise","level":4,"score":0.5063287019729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4967346787452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.477236270904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.44776496291160583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.42842185497283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38532429933547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3737829923629761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3683511018753052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36243683099746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22566485404968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.10962939262390137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3168392","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3168392","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk:36860","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400187","display_name":"Bournemouth University Research Online (Bournemouth University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9300472","host_organization_name":"Bournemouth University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9300472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/349713","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/349713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1032414495","display_name":"Converged Optical and Wireless Access Networks (COALESCE)","funder_award_id":"EP/P003990/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1471839284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/W016605/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1972339859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P034284/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2422336959","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P003990/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2544329817","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"789028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3883718817","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901416","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4855997936","display_name":"\u878d\u5408\u591a\u57df\u7279\u5f81\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21MIMO\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f20\u8f93\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61571401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5941042339","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61571401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5991684347","display_name":"New Air Interface Techniques for Future Massive Machine-Type Communications","funder_award_id":"EP/P034284/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1922937245","https://openalex.org/W2103063389","https://openalex.org/W2277419020","https://openalex.org/W2431890594","https://openalex.org/W2509696551","https://openalex.org/W2566155463","https://openalex.org/W2769456309","https://openalex.org/W2945534522","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2950680381","https://openalex.org/W2950883843","https://openalex.org/W2953226670","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W2963238659","https://openalex.org/W2964113506","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2975790550","https://openalex.org/W2980863410","https://openalex.org/W2981792785","https://openalex.org/W2982560410","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W2994742101","https://openalex.org/W2996313530","https://openalex.org/W2996961035","https://openalex.org/W3000530326","https://openalex.org/W3003553362","https://openalex.org/W3004201425","https://openalex.org/W3006962285","https://openalex.org/W3009092851","https://openalex.org/W3011454518","https://openalex.org/W3012058731","https://openalex.org/W3013373511","https://openalex.org/W3018514437","https://openalex.org/W3021171826","https://openalex.org/W3022803879","https://openalex.org/W3026439725","https://openalex.org/W3035142044","https://openalex.org/W3036893362","https://openalex.org/W3036943984","https://openalex.org/W3037231455","https://openalex.org/W3037922269","https://openalex.org/W3038126898","https://openalex.org/W3040349383","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3040918692","https://openalex.org/W3042544305","https://openalex.org/W3042598716","https://openalex.org/W3044795802","https://openalex.org/W3081215475","https://openalex.org/W3081462673","https://openalex.org/W3089319020","https://openalex.org/W3091186425","https://openalex.org/W3094186382","https://openalex.org/W3097718447","https://openalex.org/W3103026331","https://openalex.org/W3111243561","https://openalex.org/W3113221786","https://openalex.org/W3120987407","https://openalex.org/W3123062298","https://openalex.org/W3126789634","https://openalex.org/W3132252774","https://openalex.org/W3133254356","https://openalex.org/W3134105517","https://openalex.org/W3135207954","https://openalex.org/W3140275159","https://openalex.org/W3155536275","https://openalex.org/W3157217691","https://openalex.org/W3158755675","https://openalex.org/W3173394179","https://openalex.org/W3181901881","https://openalex.org/W3185397499","https://openalex.org/W3205171351","https://openalex.org/W6775995824"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2916400534","https://openalex.org/W4372311851","https://openalex.org/W1555605342","https://openalex.org/W2953675020","https://openalex.org/W4312571852","https://openalex.org/W2971760063","https://openalex.org/W2828878692","https://openalex.org/W1966038388","https://openalex.org/W2035759913","https://openalex.org/W1964927168"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intelligent":[0],"reflective":[1],"surface":[2],"(IRS)":[3],"technology":[4],"is":[5,42,72,95,171,199],"emerging":[6],"as":[7],"a":[8],"promising":[9],"performance":[10,90,135],"enhancement":[11],"technique":[12],"for":[13,44,74],"next-generation":[14],"wireless":[15],"networks.":[16],"Hence,":[17],"we":[18],"investigate":[19],"the":[20,25,34,46,50,56,61,64,68,75,79,89,92,101,107,116,119,126,133,137,144,149,161,164,168,175,182,192,204,216,233,240,249,263],"physical":[21],"layer":[22],"security":[23],"of":[24,36,67,81,91,100,115,128,136,163,177,206,218,235],"downlink":[26],"in":[27,33,78,98,167],"IRS-aided":[28],"non-orthogonal":[29],"multiple":[30],"access":[31],"networks":[32],"presence":[35],"an":[37,40],"eavesdropper,":[38],"where":[39],"IRS":[41,178,219,236],"deployed":[43],"enhancing":[45],"quality":[47],"by":[48,174,181,232,239,255],"assisting":[49],"cell-edge":[51],"user":[52],"to":[53,222],"communicate":[54],"with":[55],"base":[57],"station.":[58],"To":[59,140],"characterize":[60],"network's":[62],"performance,":[63],"expected":[65],"value":[66],"new":[69],"channel":[70,165],"statistics":[71],"derived":[73],"reflected":[76,169],"links":[77,170],"case":[80],"Nakagami-":[82,183,193,241],"<inline-formula":[83,184,194,242],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[84,185,195,243],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[85,186,196,244],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$m$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[86,187,197,245],"fading.":[87],"Furthermore,":[88],"proposed":[93],"network":[94,130,138],"evaluated":[96],"both":[97,173,207,231],"terms":[99],"secrecy":[102,109,145,226],"outage":[103],"probability":[104],"(SOP)":[105],"and":[106,118,148,180,210,238],"average":[108],"capacity":[110],"(ASC).":[111],"The":[112,225],"closed-form":[113],"expressions":[114],"SOP":[117,205],"ASC":[120],"are":[121,154,229,252],"derived.":[122],"We":[123,156],"also":[124],"study":[125],"impact":[127],"various":[129],"parameters":[131],"on":[132],"overall":[134],"considered.":[139],"obtain":[141],"further":[142],"insights,":[143],"diversity":[146,227],"orders":[147,228],"high":[150],"signal-to-noise-ratio":[151],"(SNR)":[152],"slopes":[153,251],"obtained.":[155],"finally":[157],"show":[158],"that:":[159],"1)":[160],"expectation":[162],"gain":[166],"determined":[172],"number":[176,217,234],"elements":[179,220,237],"fading":[188,246],"parameters;":[189],"2)":[190],"If":[191],"parameter":[198],"no":[200],"less":[201],"than":[202],"2,":[203],"User":[208,211],"1":[209],"2":[212],"becomes":[213],"unity,":[214],"when":[215],"tends":[221],"infinity;":[223],"3)":[224],"affected":[230,254],"parameters,":[247],"whereas":[248],"high-SNR":[250],"not":[253],"these":[256],"parameters.":[257],"Our":[258],"Monte-Carlo":[259],"simulations":[260],"perfectly":[261],"demonstrate":[262],"analytical":[264],"results.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}