{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3170956873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3162579","title":"Generalized Mutual Information-Maximizing Quantized Decoding of LDPC Codes With Layered Scheduling","display_name":"Generalized Mutual Information-Maximizing Quantized Decoding of LDPC Codes With Layered Scheduling","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3170956873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3162579","mag":"3170956873"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3162579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3162579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047350475","display_name":"Peng Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0050-2751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science, Mathematics and Tech-nology (SMT) Cluster, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0050-2751","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science, Mathematics and Tech-nology (SMT) Cluster, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042415594","display_name":"Kui Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2059-0071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kui Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science, Mathematics and Tech-nology (SMT) Cluster, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2059-0071","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science, Mathematics and Tech-nology (SMT) Cluster, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062225577","display_name":"Xuan He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8934-1981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8934-1981","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045823074","display_name":"Shuangyang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9503-4865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuangyang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9503-4865","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091837980","display_name":"Jinhong Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-493X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhong Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-493X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1376,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8719504,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"7","first_page":"7258","last_page":"7273"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.8170554041862488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6922376155853271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-propagation","display_name":"Belief propagation","score":0.6727572083473206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6641787886619568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6469663381576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.5569517016410828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lookup-table","display_name":"Lookup table","score":0.4793137311935425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/list-decoding","display_name":"List decoding","score":0.4573821425437927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-decoding","display_name":"Sequential decoding","score":0.45479822158813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-decision-decoder","display_name":"Soft-decision decoder","score":0.423153281211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4065665006637573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.2193869948387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenated-error-correction-code","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","score":0.20523881912231445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1333238184452057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-noise","display_name":"White noise","score":0.1175115704536438}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.8170554041862488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6922376155853271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152948882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4060686","display_name":"Belief propagation","level":3,"score":0.6727572083473206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6641787886619568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6469663381576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.5569517016410828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134835016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690265","display_name":"Lookup table","level":2,"score":0.4793137311935425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204397858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4437907","display_name":"List decoding","level":5,"score":0.4573821425437927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193969084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7452500","display_name":"Sequential decoding","level":4,"score":0.45479822158813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185588885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7553811","display_name":"Soft-decision decoder","level":3,"score":0.423153281211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4065665006637573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.2193869948387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.20523881912231445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1333238184452057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112633086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381287","display_name":"White noise","level":2,"score":0.1175115704536438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3162579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3162579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6491798724","display_name":"Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation for Future Mobile Communications","funder_award_id":"DP220103596","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W628021441","https://openalex.org/W1556911442","https://openalex.org/W1573665190","https://openalex.org/W1864365761","https://openalex.org/W1907580649","https://openalex.org/W1973053641","https://openalex.org/W1976521930","https://openalex.org/W1991528082","https://openalex.org/W1995304976","https://openalex.org/W2041402079","https://openalex.org/W2043809349","https://openalex.org/W2046091144","https://openalex.org/W2069241537","https://openalex.org/W2096084217","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2102888884","https://openalex.org/W2114869758","https://openalex.org/W2119319086","https://openalex.org/W2126419525","https://openalex.org/W2127370988","https://openalex.org/W2128765501","https://openalex.org/W2133068391","https://openalex.org/W2134576743","https://openalex.org/W2134700719","https://openalex.org/W2135764410","https://openalex.org/W2169245111","https://openalex.org/W2169732368","https://openalex.org/W2333580233","https://openalex.org/W2346068202","https://openalex.org/W2510335549","https://openalex.org/W2512666866","https://openalex.org/W2530443784","https://openalex.org/W2598845734","https://openalex.org/W2759578104","https://openalex.org/W2793612504","https://openalex.org/W2794270047","https://openalex.org/W2896252282","https://openalex.org/W2909070335","https://openalex.org/W2938088759","https://openalex.org/W2962702487","https://openalex.org/W2963626068","https://openalex.org/W2976156774","https://openalex.org/W3002047571","https://openalex.org/W3009137960","https://openalex.org/W3025810997","https://openalex.org/W3048634177","https://openalex.org/W3129719042","https://openalex.org/W3135710623","https://openalex.org/W3170956873","https://openalex.org/W3191756861","https://openalex.org/W3201532555","https://openalex.org/W4236909075","https://openalex.org/W4256264271","https://openalex.org/W6761474093","https://openalex.org/W6797017387"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205451769","https://openalex.org/W4385859070","https://openalex.org/W4380030966","https://openalex.org/W2118148379","https://openalex.org/W2594313860","https://openalex.org/W4290466155","https://openalex.org/W2167340446","https://openalex.org/W1978153242","https://openalex.org/W2159021452","https://openalex.org/W2148484519"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,63,117],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,65,102,119],"propose":[4,66],"a":[5,197],"framework":[6],"of":[7,112,215],"the":[8,32,53,59,67,74,79,93,104,109,121,126,130,135,150,155,161,166,171,181,191,203,206,212,216,225,231,235],"mutual":[9],"information-maximizing":[10],"(MIM)":[11],"quantized":[12,138,163,193],"decoding":[13,27,113,189],"for":[14,78,153],"low-density":[15],"parity-check":[16],"(LDPC)":[17],"codes":[18,41],"by":[19],"using":[20],"simple":[21],"mappings":[22],"and":[23,46,85,90,177,234],"fixed-point":[24],"additions.":[25],"Our":[26],"method":[28,144],"is":[29,145],"generic":[30],"in":[31,170,224],"sense":[33],"that":[34,160],"it":[35],"can":[36,47,210],"be":[37,48],"applied":[38],"to":[39,72,92,107,124,134,148,202],"LDPC":[40,115],"with":[42,99,174],"arbitrary":[43],"degree":[44],"distributions,":[45],"implemented":[49],"based":[50,128],"on":[51,129],"either":[52],"belief":[54],"propagation":[55],"(BP)":[56],"algorithm":[57],"or":[58],"min-sum":[60],"(MS)":[61],"algorithm.":[62],"particular,":[64,118],"MIM":[68,136,162,192],"density":[69],"evolution":[70],"(MIM-DE)":[71],"construct":[73],"lookup":[75],"tables":[76],"(LUTs)":[77],"node":[80],"updates.":[81],"The":[82],"computational":[83],"complexity":[84],"memory":[86,151],"requirements":[87],"are":[88],"discussed":[89],"compared":[91,201],"LUT":[94,168],"decoder":[95,209,220],"variants.":[96],"For":[97,187],"applications":[98],"low-latency":[100],"requirement,":[101],"consider":[103],"layered":[105,122,137,218],"schedule":[106],"accelerate":[108],"convergence":[110,199],"speed":[111,200],"quasi-cyclic":[114],"codes.":[116],"develop":[120],"MIM-DE":[123],"design":[125],"LUTs":[127],"MS":[131,139],"algorithm,":[132],"leading":[133],"(MIM-LQMS)":[140],"decoder.":[141],"An":[142],"optimization":[143],"further":[146],"introduced":[147],"reduce":[149],"requirement":[152],"storing":[154],"LUTs.":[156],"Simulation":[157],"results":[158],"show":[159],"decoders":[164,169,194],"outperform":[165],"state-of-the-art":[167],"waterfall":[172],"region":[173],"both":[175,230],"3-bit":[176],"4-bit":[178,207],"precision":[179],"over":[180,229],"additive":[182],"white":[183],"Gaussian":[184],"noise":[185],"channels.":[186,238],"small":[188],"iterations,":[190],"also":[195],"achieve":[196],"faster":[198],"benchmarks.":[204],"Moreover,":[205],"MIM-LQMS":[208],"approach":[211],"error":[213],"performance":[214],"floating-point":[217],"BP":[219],"within":[221],"0.3":[222],"dB":[223],"moderate-to-high":[226],"SNR":[227],"regions,":[228],"AWGN":[232],"channels":[233],"fast":[236],"fading":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}