{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205802647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3135332","title":"On the Design of Federated Learning in Latency and Energy Constrained Computation Offloading Operations in Vehicular Edge Computing Systems","display_name":"On the Design of Federated Learning in Latency and Energy Constrained Computation Offloading Operations in Vehicular Edge Computing Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205802647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3135332"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3135332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3135332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://flore.unifi.it/bitstream/2158/1380994/2/tarchi%20on%20the%20design%20post%20print.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001813056","display_name":"Swapnil Sadashiv Shinde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2716-6441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801039369","display_name":"Marconi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j0rk173","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801039369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098188","display_name":"Laboratori Guglielmo Marconi (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3vad87","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098188"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Swapnil Shinde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi\u201d, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2716-6441","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi\u201d, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801039369","https://openalex.org/I4210098188","https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062960223","display_name":"Arash Bozorgchenani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-6952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arash Bozorgchenani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-6952","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059742626","display_name":"Daniele Tarchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7338-1957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801039369","display_name":"Marconi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j0rk173","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801039369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098188","display_name":"Laboratori Guglielmo Marconi (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3vad87","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098188"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Tarchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi\u201d, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7338-1957","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi\u201d, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801039369","https://openalex.org/I4210098188","https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069951778","display_name":"Qiang Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-1656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-1656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.7018,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":115,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9883448,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"2","first_page":"2041","last_page":"2057"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.88364577293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.8196929693222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7893309593200684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.6531485319137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.6015453338623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5819401144981384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5594559907913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.5086079835891724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5017192363739014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4612279236316681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.43166303634643555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.4233935475349426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4209993779659271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.3984988033771515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12103164196014404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11200305819511414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08617854118347168}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.88364577293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.8196929693222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7893309593200684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.6531485319137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6015453338623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5819401144981384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5594559907913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5086079835891724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5017192363739014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4612279236316681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.43166303634643555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4233935475349426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4209993779659271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.3984988033771515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12103164196014404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11200305819511414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08617854118347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3135332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3135332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:201527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1380994","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1380994","pdf_url":"https://flore.unifi.it/bitstream/2158/1380994/2/tarchi%20on%20the%20design%20post%20print.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/841751","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/841751","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1380994","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1380994","pdf_url":"https://flore.unifi.it/bitstream/2158/1380994/2/tarchi%20on%20the%20design%20post%20print.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205802647.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205802647.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2142264798","https://openalex.org/W2535838896","https://openalex.org/W2747537200","https://openalex.org/W2774185825","https://openalex.org/W2802897269","https://openalex.org/W2885423658","https://openalex.org/W2895973886","https://openalex.org/W2915867319","https://openalex.org/W2917288403","https://openalex.org/W2921337715","https://openalex.org/W2974170798","https://openalex.org/W2980781235","https://openalex.org/W2981735416","https://openalex.org/W2982409974","https://openalex.org/W3001299093","https://openalex.org/W3002486958","https://openalex.org/W3004384679","https://openalex.org/W3007050655","https://openalex.org/W3023238316","https://openalex.org/W3023574229","https://openalex.org/W3024547383","https://openalex.org/W3045049179","https://openalex.org/W3049535205","https://openalex.org/W3082474534","https://openalex.org/W3087314296","https://openalex.org/W3088200657","https://openalex.org/W3090615085","https://openalex.org/W3097748800","https://openalex.org/W3099980742","https://openalex.org/W3101755493","https://openalex.org/W3107242135","https://openalex.org/W3109847748","https://openalex.org/W3121477569","https://openalex.org/W3140453182","https://openalex.org/W3155573724","https://openalex.org/W3156195074","https://openalex.org/W3160371670","https://openalex.org/W3164275494","https://openalex.org/W3170790803","https://openalex.org/W3174306128","https://openalex.org/W3177273118","https://openalex.org/W3178176830","https://openalex.org/W3181606936","https://openalex.org/W3203789000","https://openalex.org/W4210383480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200420173","https://openalex.org/W3120617837","https://openalex.org/W3127808443","https://openalex.org/W2916011811","https://openalex.org/W4362496467","https://openalex.org/W2917127270","https://openalex.org/W2896883851","https://openalex.org/W3185499500","https://openalex.org/W2902693277","https://openalex.org/W4378977105"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,30,84,103,122,128,161,174,177,183,218,222,233,245,248],"advent":[2],"of":[3,86,106,121,166,186,247,253],"smart":[4],"vehicles,":[5],"several":[6,44,96],"new":[7],"latency-critical":[8],"and":[9,134,145,168,176,208,221,236,255],"data-intensive":[10],"applications":[11],"are":[12],"emerged":[13,21],"in":[14,66,132,164,206,251],"Vehicular":[15,76],"Networks":[16],"(VNs).":[17],"Computation":[18],"offloading":[19,47,179,205],"has":[20,116],"as":[22,119],"a":[23,38,58,81,211],"viable":[24],"option":[25],"allowing":[26],"to":[27,29,61,68,73,88,108,159,189,215],"resort":[28],"nearby":[31,92],"edge":[32,50,93],"servers":[33],"for":[34,101,203,231],"remote":[35],"processing":[36],"within":[37],"requested":[39],"service":[40],"latency":[41,71,167,220,254],"requirement.":[42],"Despite":[43],"advantages,":[45],"computation":[46,178,204],"over":[48],"resource-limited":[49],"servers,":[51],"together":[52],"with":[53,238],"vehicular":[54],"mobility,":[55],"is":[56,229],"still":[57],"challenging":[59],"problem":[60,214,234],"be":[62,89,109,190],"solved.":[63],"In":[64,154],"particular,":[65],"order":[67],"avoid":[69],"additional":[70,149],"due":[72],"out-of-coverage":[74],"operations,":[75],"Users":[77],"(VUs)":[78],"mobility":[79],"introduces":[80],"bound":[82],"on":[83,151],"amount":[85,105],"data":[87,107,129],"offloaded":[90],"towards":[91],"servers.":[94],"Therefore,":[95],"approaches":[97],"have":[98],"been":[99,117],"used":[100],"finding":[102],"correct":[104],"offloaded.":[110],"Among":[111],"others,":[112],"Federated":[113],"Learning":[114],"(FL)":[115],"highlighted":[118],"one":[120],"most":[123],"promising":[124],"solving":[125,232],"techniques,":[126],"given":[127],"privacy":[130],"concerns":[131],"VNs":[133],"limited":[135],"communication":[136],"resources.":[137],"However,":[138],"FL":[139,175,187],"consumes":[140],"resources":[141],"during":[142],"its":[143],"operation":[144],"therefore":[146],"incurs":[147],"an":[148,198],"burden":[150],"resource-constrained":[152],"VUs.":[153],"this":[155,193],"work,":[156],"we":[157,195],"aim":[158],"optimize":[160],"VN":[162],"performance":[163],"terms":[165,252],"energy":[169,223,256],"consumption":[170],"by":[171],"considering":[172],"both":[173],"processes":[180],"while":[181],"selecting":[182],"proper":[184],"number":[185],"iterations":[188],"implemented.":[191],"To":[192],"end,":[194],"first":[196],"propose":[197],"FL-inspired":[199],"distributed":[200],"learning":[201],"framework":[202],"VNs,":[207],"then":[209],"develop":[210],"constrained":[212],"optimization":[213],"jointly":[216],"minimize":[217],"overall":[219],"consumed.":[224],"An":[225],"evolutionary":[226],"Genetic":[227],"Algorithm":[228],"proposed":[230,249],"in-hand":[235],"compared":[237],"some":[239],"benchmarks.":[240],"The":[241],"simulation":[242],"results":[243],"show":[244],"effectiveness":[246],"approach":[250],"consumption.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17}],"updated_date":"2026-07-25T09:21:30.201066","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}