{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200629766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3132305","title":"Multiple Residual Dense Networks for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Cascaded Channel Estimation","display_name":"Multiple Residual Dense Networks for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Cascaded Channel Estimation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200629766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3132305"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3132305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3132305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102072396","display_name":"Jin Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100612301","display_name":"Jiayi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2434-4329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2434-4329","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076730859","display_name":"Chongwen Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-8437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chongwen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Provincial Key Lab of Information Processing, Communication and Networking, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Provincial Key Lab of Information Processing, Communication and Networking, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015729753","display_name":"Liang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-332X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-332X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103063755","display_name":"Huahua Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5316-061X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098582","display_name":"ZTE (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00rjhhq63","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098582"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767749","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Mobile Networks and Mobile Multimedia Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05cd55294","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098582","https://openalex.org/I4391767749"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huahua Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["ZTE Corporation and State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ZTE Corporation and State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098582","https://openalex.org/I4391767749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100620739","display_name":"Bo Ai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-0595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Ai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent, Networking and Data Analysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","Research Center of Networks and Communications, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-0595","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent, Networking and Data Analysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center of Networks and Communications, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101726764","display_name":"Zhiqin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1700-3411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130112","display_name":"China Academy of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038dte259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Information and Communications Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Information and Communications Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4421,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93251416,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"2","first_page":"2134","last_page":"2139"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9660000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9609000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.7427480220794678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7136058807373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6784170269966125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5974345207214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5911849141120911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5733135938644409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.5455779433250427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.47324472665786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.4704526960849762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.46031638979911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.45474928617477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4354201555252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3864859640598297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36506354808807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21110758185386658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1656154990196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.15630611777305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13244855403900146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.089633047580719}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.7427480220794678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7136058807373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6784170269966125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5974345207214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5911849141120911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5733135938644409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.5455779433250427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.47324472665786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4704526960849762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46031638979911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.45474928617477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4354201555252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3864859640598297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36506354808807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21110758185386658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1656154990196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.15630611777305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13244855403900146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.089633047580719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3132305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3132305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2889720685","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2963382561","https://openalex.org/W2966620583","https://openalex.org/W2981792785","https://openalex.org/W2987894257","https://openalex.org/W2988505559","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3010384738","https://openalex.org/W3034448035","https://openalex.org/W3038342299","https://openalex.org/W3134746776","https://openalex.org/W3165448662","https://openalex.org/W3187793142","https://openalex.org/W4321770460","https://openalex.org/W6769781755"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2560215812","https://openalex.org/W2949601986","https://openalex.org/W4293226380","https://openalex.org/W2788972299","https://openalex.org/W2498789492","https://openalex.org/W2521347458","https://openalex.org/W2729981612","https://openalex.org/W2990636717","https://openalex.org/W4301867275","https://openalex.org/W2790610275"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"intelligent":[1],"surface":[2],"(RIS)":[3],"constitutes":[4],"an":[5],"essential":[6],"and":[7,15,78,113],"promising":[8],"paradigm":[9],"that":[10],"relies":[11],"programmable":[12],"wireless":[13],"environment":[14],"provides":[16],"capability":[17],"for":[18],"space-intensive":[19],"communications,":[20],"due":[21],"to":[22,46,85],"the":[23,31,48,56,94,100,106],"use":[24],"of":[25,34,60,96,109],"low-cost":[26],"massive":[27],"reflecting":[28],"elements":[29],"over":[30],"entire":[32],"surfaces":[33],"man-made":[35],"structures.":[36],"However,":[37],"accurate":[38,87],"channel":[39,88],"estimation":[40,101],"is":[41],"a":[42],"fundamental":[43],"technical":[44],"prerequisite":[45],"achieve":[47],"huge":[49],"performance":[50,117],"gains":[51],"from":[52],"RIS.":[53],"By":[54],"leveraging":[55],"low":[57],"rank":[58],"structure":[59],"RIS":[61],"channels,":[62],"three":[63,111],"practical":[64],"residual":[65,80],"neural":[66],"networks,":[67],"named":[68],"convolutional":[69,73],"blind":[70],"denoising":[71,74],"network,":[72,82],"generative":[75],"adversarial":[76],"networks":[77],"multiple":[79],"dense":[81],"are":[83],"proposed":[84],"obtain":[86],"state":[89],"information,":[90],"which":[91],"can":[92],"reflect":[93],"impact":[95],"different":[97],"methods":[98,112],"on":[99],"performance.":[102],"Simulation":[103],"results":[104],"reveal":[105,114],"evolution":[107],"direction":[108],"these":[110],"their":[115],"superior":[116],"compared":[118],"with":[119],"existing":[120],"benchmark":[121],"schemes.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}