{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3214655334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3121716","title":"Performance Analysis of Optical Backhauled Cooperative NOMA Visible Light Communication","display_name":"Performance Analysis of Optical Backhauled Cooperative NOMA Visible Light Communication","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3214655334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3121716","mag":"3214655334"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3121716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3121716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032593390","display_name":"Manh Le-Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8330-1911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manh Le-Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea","[School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 35029 Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea (the Republic of), (e-mail: manh288@gmail.com)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8330-1911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 35029 Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea (the Republic of), (e-mail: manh288@gmail.com)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011855564","display_name":"Thai-Hoc Vu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5559-6695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thai-Hoc Vu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea","[School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 35029 Ulsan, Namgu, Korea (the Republic of), 44610 (e-mail: vuthaihoc1995@gmail.com)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5559-6695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 35029 Ulsan, Namgu, Korea (the Republic of), 44610 (e-mail: vuthaihoc1995@gmail.com)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100430160","display_name":"Sunghwan Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-5915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunghwan Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea","[University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea (the Republic of), 44610 (e-mail: sungkim@ulsan.ac.kr)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-5915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea (the Republic of), 44610 (e-mail: sungkim@ulsan.ac.kr)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4409,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89450496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"12","first_page":"12932","last_page":"12945"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10563","display_name":"Corneal surgery and disorders","score":0.9718999862670898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.8079774379730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.6512675881385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.6386484503746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6269932985305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backhaul","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","score":0.5429714322090149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.49484556913375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4788132309913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-space-optical-communication","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","score":0.46833300590515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.4299624562263489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4152158498764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.4121289849281311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.40121275186538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.39525455236434937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2962401509284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.271013468503952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.23931166529655457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23462066054344177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08439037203788757}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.8079774379730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.6512675881385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.6386484503746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6269932985305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103760667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798444","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","level":3,"score":0.5429714322090149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.49484556913375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4788132309913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197000039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2027432","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","level":3,"score":0.46833300590515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.4299624562263489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4152158498764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4121289849281311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.40121275186538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.39525455236434937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2962401509284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.271013468503952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.23931166529655457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23462066054344177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08439037203788757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3121716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3121716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5086816455","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2019R1A2C1005920","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578842116","https://openalex.org/W1795340666","https://openalex.org/W1967280221","https://openalex.org/W1995626081","https://openalex.org/W2120827491","https://openalex.org/W2121164767","https://openalex.org/W2142022446","https://openalex.org/W2144644352","https://openalex.org/W2511038469","https://openalex.org/W2523122228","https://openalex.org/W2579261948","https://openalex.org/W2619151842","https://openalex.org/W2624590726","https://openalex.org/W2750740430","https://openalex.org/W2755452410","https://openalex.org/W2784210264","https://openalex.org/W2789388912","https://openalex.org/W2791532124","https://openalex.org/W2798895240","https://openalex.org/W2802495557","https://openalex.org/W2804961103","https://openalex.org/W2890040875","https://openalex.org/W2896407304","https://openalex.org/W2901086942","https://openalex.org/W2901924673","https://openalex.org/W2904891744","https://openalex.org/W2917759050","https://openalex.org/W2922074576","https://openalex.org/W2943094366","https://openalex.org/W2944274717","https://openalex.org/W2945586008","https://openalex.org/W2963728163","https://openalex.org/W2964249268","https://openalex.org/W2972019875","https://openalex.org/W3000699369","https://openalex.org/W3022833386","https://openalex.org/W3028448737","https://openalex.org/W3044197200","https://openalex.org/W3095445799","https://openalex.org/W3102205093","https://openalex.org/W3109720013","https://openalex.org/W3111980777","https://openalex.org/W3113221786","https://openalex.org/W6840009415"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2910465926","https://openalex.org/W2592894164","https://openalex.org/W2039798909","https://openalex.org/W3009734089","https://openalex.org/W4211208704","https://openalex.org/W2064392160","https://openalex.org/W4386293784","https://openalex.org/W2241220104","https://openalex.org/W3081944688","https://openalex.org/W4211247333"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optical":[0],"wireless":[1,52],"networks,":[2],"particularly":[3],"free-space":[4],"optical":[5,51,70],"(FSO)":[6],"in":[7,15,22,76,91,164],"outdoor":[8],"environments":[9],"and":[10,56,118,134,143,194],"visible":[11],"light":[12],"communication":[13],"(VLC)":[14],"indoor":[16],"environments,":[17],"suffer":[18],"from":[19],"severe":[20],"deterioration":[21],"signal":[23],"quality":[24],"due":[25],"to":[26,103,173,184],"various":[27,88],"factors":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30],"the":[31,36,39,85,141,148,152,159,162,167,187,191,197,201],"availability":[32],"of":[33,38,87,110,128,151,161,190,200],"line-of-sight":[34],"link,":[35],"turbulence":[37],"atmosphere,":[40],"or":[41],"pointing":[42],"errors.":[43],"To":[44],"enable":[45],"high-quality":[46],"service":[47],"point-to-point":[48],"transmission":[49,89],"through":[50],"communication,":[53],"an":[54],"efficient":[55],"reliable":[57],"backhaul":[58,99],"link":[59,100],"is":[60,182],"essential.":[61],"Towards":[62],"this":[63,65],"objective,":[64],"paper":[66],"proposes":[67],"a":[68,92,97,126,178],"novel":[69],"backhauled":[71],"non-orthogonal":[72],"multiple":[73],"access":[74],"(NOMA)":[75],"VLC":[77],"systems.":[78],"Unlike":[79],"earlier":[80],"works,":[81],"our":[82],"model":[83],"considers":[84],"effects":[86],"parameters":[90],"mixed":[93],"cooperative":[94],"FSO/radio":[95],"over":[96],"fiber":[98],"with":[101,166],"NOMA-VLC":[102],"serve":[104],"two":[105],"users.":[106],"The":[107],"closed-form":[108],"expressions":[109],"outage":[111],"probability,":[112],"sum":[113,116],"throughput,":[114],"ergodic":[115,188],"capacity,":[117],"average":[119],"bit":[120],"error":[121],"rate":[122],"are":[123],"delivered":[124],"for":[125],"variety":[127],"channel":[129],"conditions":[130],"using":[131],"Meijer's":[132],"G":[133],"Gaussian":[135],"hypergeometric":[136],"functions.":[137],"More":[138],"specifically,":[139],"both":[140],"theoretical":[142,202],"simulation":[144],"results":[145],"demonstrate":[146],"that":[147],"performance":[149,160],"gain":[150],"proposed":[153,183,192],"optical-based":[154],"NOMA":[155],"systems":[156,170],"can":[157],"improve":[158],"users":[163],"comparison":[165],"conventional":[168],"OMA":[169],"at":[171],"medium":[172],"high":[174],"SNR":[175],"ranges.":[176],"Furthermore,":[177],"deep":[179],"learning-based":[180],"framework":[181],"accurately":[185],"estimate":[186],"capacity":[189],"system":[193],"significantly":[195],"reduce":[196],"complexity":[198],"cost":[199],"analysis.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
