{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3203036475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3117982","title":"Asymptotic Analysis and Beamforming Design for High Frequency Massive MIMO With a Compact Planar Array","display_name":"Asymptotic Analysis and Beamforming Design for High Frequency Massive MIMO With a Compact Planar Array","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3203036475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3117982","mag":"3203036475"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3117982","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3117982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354550","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5697-3125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5697-3125","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002477771","display_name":"Mengqiong Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengqiong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018154454","display_name":"Lihua Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-0214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lihua Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-0214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100759006","display_name":"Shuting Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7700-1085"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuting Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112891561","display_name":"Yijian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3567-1854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098582","display_name":"ZTE (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00rjhhq63","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098582"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Algorithm Department, ZTE Corporation, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3567-1854","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Algorithm Department, ZTE Corporation, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098582"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114706300","display_name":"Zhaohua Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1761-3544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098582","display_name":"ZTE (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00rjhhq63","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098582"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaohua Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Algorithm Department, ZTE Corporation, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Algorithm Department, ZTE Corporation, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098582"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004181029","display_name":"Jiandong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-836X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiandong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-836X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55797289,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"11","first_page":"12226","last_page":"12231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.765842616558075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6359297037124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar-array","display_name":"Planar array","score":0.5962315797805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5410264134407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.46771660447120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4237286150455475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.4192190170288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.41851913928985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3621290326118469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3240346312522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.31768152117729187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.275341272354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20871204137802124}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.765842616558075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6359297037124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775980084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Planar array","level":2,"score":0.5962315797805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5410264134407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.46771660447120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4237286150455475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.4192190170288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41851913928985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3621290326118469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3240346312522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.31768152117729187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.275341272354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20871204137802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3117982","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3117982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7583088043","display_name":"5G\u9ad8\u9891\u6bb5\u65e0\u7ebf\u4fe1\u9053\u5efa\u6a21\u5173\u952e\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8026437666","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61701392","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G993163479","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JB210112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546850582","https://openalex.org/W1578217165","https://openalex.org/W2030278492","https://openalex.org/W2117329581","https://openalex.org/W2128513990","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2159400124","https://openalex.org/W2159684965","https://openalex.org/W2161473225","https://openalex.org/W2314676630","https://openalex.org/W2342690689","https://openalex.org/W2606758893","https://openalex.org/W2610968021","https://openalex.org/W2907298364","https://openalex.org/W2916925909","https://openalex.org/W2958091556","https://openalex.org/W3035056569","https://openalex.org/W3106233732","https://openalex.org/W3106282754","https://openalex.org/W6632576197","https://openalex.org/W6677571986"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2724724053","https://openalex.org/W4239363875","https://openalex.org/W3209668585","https://openalex.org/W2129833531","https://openalex.org/W2350495673","https://openalex.org/W2134293600","https://openalex.org/W2185446406","https://openalex.org/W3013692990","https://openalex.org/W2363346776","https://openalex.org/W2118184918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Thanks":[0],"to":[1,12,85,101,119,151,172],"the":[2,29,43,56,61,69,78,88,95,102,109,112,116,121,137,140,144,148,152,167,170],"short":[3],"wavelength":[4],"at":[5,55],"high":[6],"frequency":[7],"(HF),":[8],"it":[9],"is":[10,82,99,127],"promising":[11],"combine":[13],"massive":[14,25,45],"multiple-input":[15],"and":[16,35,159,165],"multiple-output":[17],"(MIMO)":[18],"with":[19,48],"HF":[20,24,44,79],"communications.":[21],"In":[22,38],"particular,":[23],"MIMO":[26,31,46],"differs":[27],"from":[28],"conventional":[30],"in":[32,60,94],"array":[33,52],"structure":[34],"radio":[36],"propagation.":[37],"this":[39],"paper,":[40],"we":[41],"investigate":[42],"system":[47],"a":[49],"compact":[50],"planar":[51],"(CPA)":[53],"deployed":[54],"base":[57],"station":[58],"(BS)":[59],"presence":[62],"of":[63,91,104,111,139,147,169],"electromagnetic":[64,173],"mutual":[65],"coupling":[66],"(MC)":[67],"for":[68],"asymptotic":[70,96,113,141],"case":[71],"under":[72],"unlimited":[73],"antenna":[74],"elements":[75],"assumption.":[76],"Specifically,":[77],"sparse":[80],"channel":[81,92],"analyzed":[83],"asymptotically":[84],"show":[86],"that":[87],"randomness":[89],"characteristic":[90],"decreases":[93],"regime,":[97],"which":[98],"conducive":[100],"design":[103],"communication":[105],"systems.":[106],"Moreover,":[107],"on":[108],"basis":[110],"analysis":[114],"results,":[115],"optimal":[117],"beamforming":[118],"maximize":[120],"minimum":[122,154],"user":[123],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[124],"ratio":[125,161],"(SINR)":[126],"derived":[128],"by":[129],"applying":[130],"random":[131],"matrix":[132],"theory.":[133],"Numerical":[134],"results":[135],"verify":[136],"accuracy":[138],"analysis,":[142],"indicate":[143],"performance":[145],"superiority":[146],"proposed":[149],"scheme":[150],"traditional":[153],"mean":[155],"squared":[156],"error":[157],"(MMSE)":[158],"maximum":[160],"transmission":[162],"(MRT)":[163],"schemes,":[164],"reveal":[166],"robustness":[168],"proposal":[171],"MC.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}